Basic overview of the brain Flashcards
anatomical terms
Rostral-Towards the nose
Caudal- Towards the tail
Medial- Towards the middle
Lateral- Futher away from the middle
What does the Diencephalon consist of?
Contains the thalamus, Hypothalamus, sabthalumus
Cauda equina syndrome (CES)
when there is dysfunction of multiple lumbar and sacral nerve roots of the cauda equina. This is when there is damage to the lower part of the CNS
lumbar puncture
a thin needle is instead between the bones of the lower spine-used to take a sample of cerebrospinal fluid
Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced?
choroid plexus
What artery is used in the anterior circulation
Internal carotid artery
What artery is used in the posterior circulation
Vertebral artery
where do people tend to have strokes?
Middle cerebral artery
Frontal lobe
involved in personality characteristics, decision-making and movement
contains Broca’s area, which is associated with speech ability
Parietal lobe
understand spatial relationships
also involved in interpreting pain and touch in the body
Occipital lobe
occipital lobe is the back part of the brain that is involved with vision
Temporal lobe
involved in short-term memory, emotion, speech, musical rhythm
What part of the brain is responsible for motor and sensory information
Motor stuff happens at the front sensory things happen at the back
What is insular cx used for?
Used to check emotion and homeostasis
What is the corpus callosum
Corpus callosum is the part in between with axons that connects the brain hemisphere
Hierarchy of neuronal map
S1- site of initiation of sensory processing
S2- site higher level processing
M1- site of final output station of motor processing
M2- site of higher level processing from M1
What does somatatopic mean
Specific parts of the body associated with specific parts of the nervous system
Where are high level information passed in the nervous system
CNS
What do cortical columns do?
Process and integrate cortical and subcortical
What is CSF
CSF allows space between the brain and skull
Brain floats on CSF
CSF includes sodium, oxygen, calcium, potassium, glucose, peptides
When asleep the CSF gets pushed down the outside of the blood vessels- Happens during delta waves making the brain pulse
eloquent cortex
Parts of the cortex that are involved in sensory and visual are called eloquent cortex
Korsakoff syndrome
Korsakoff syndrome is memory loss in mostly alcoholics
Basal ganglia
Basal ganglia is where movement is processed
