Membrane Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Which system regulates cell volume, maintains intracellular pH and ionic composition?

A

membrane transport system

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2
Q

Which system extracts and concentrates metabolic fuels, building blocks and extrudes toxic substances

A

membrane transport systems

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3
Q

which system generates ionic gradients?

A

membrane transport systems

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4
Q

what type of diffusion is the unaided spontaeneous movement of solute molecules down their concentration gradient until the solute equilibriates across the phospholipid bilayer (equilibrium at maximum entropy)

A

passive diffusion

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5
Q

at what speed do water, ethanol, urea and glycerol diffuse under passive diffusion?

A

fairly quickly

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6
Q

how fast do large uncharged polar molecules such as glucose diffuse under passive diffusion?

A

quite slowly

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7
Q

what speed do ions such as K+ and Na+ diffuse under passive diffusion?

A

extremely slowly

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8
Q

what type of membrane transport occurs down a concentration gradient through integral proteins?

A

facilitated diffusion

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9
Q

what is the term for transport of two molecules in the same direction is called

A

symport or cotransport

e.g transport of D-glucose in red blood cells

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10
Q

what is the term for transport of two molecules in the opposite directions?

A

antiport or countertransport

e.g transport of anions by red blood cells

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11
Q

which type of membrane transport requires metabolic energy?

A

active transport

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12
Q

what type of transport is responsible for maintaining intracellular concentrations of K+ and Na+ at optimum levels via ATP hydrolysis, electron transport chain and light?

A

primary active transport

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13
Q

what type of transport is driven by ion gradients and membrane potentials acorss cell membranes?

A

secondary active transport

e.g sugar transport in the gut driven by Na+ gradients across the apical membrane

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14
Q

which type of membrane transport involves the enzymatic catalysis in which a sugar is phosphorylated as it is transported?

A

group translocation transport

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