Basic Cell Structure Flashcards
Which ovoid organelle is bounded by a double membrane and are the cells energy transformers, converting chemical energy into ATP
mitochondria
which self replicating organelles with a cystalline core function to get rid of toxic substances using oxidative enzymes?
peroxisomes
which organelle connected to the endoplasmic reticulum appears as a series of flattened disc shaped sacs stacked one on top of each other and modifies, stores, packages and ‘tags’ proteins so that they go to their correct destinationproteins?
the golgi apparatus
which watery solution containing enzymes, dissolved substances, other organelles and cell structures?
cytoplasm
what are the small free floating structures made of ribosomal RNA and protein that manufacture proteins called?
ribosomes
what sac bounded by a single membrane is pinched off the golgi apparatus and are used to transport and contain enzymes that break down foreign material?
lysosome
what is the impermeable junction that binds neighbouring cells together?
tight junction
what is the name of the 3-10nm thick membrane made from phospholipids, associated proteins and lipids that surrounds the cell?
Plasma membrane
what is the large organelle containing most of the cells DNA?
nucleus
what is the dense structure made from crystalline protein and nucleic acid invloved in ribosome sythesis?
nucleolus
what is the name of the hole found in the nuclear membrane that allows communication between it and the rest of the cell?
nuclear pore
what are the microtubulal structures associated with nucelear division?
centrioles
what name is given to the network of tubules and flattened sacs that is continuous with the plasma membrane and nuclear membrane?
endoplasmic reticulum
what is the site for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism including hormone synthesis?
Smooth ER
what organelle has ribosomes attached to its surface and is where proteins destined for transport are sythesised?
Rough ER
