Membrane Composition and Structure

Question 1

Major lipids of the membrane

Answer 1

Phospholipids, Glycosphingolipids, Cholesterol

Question 2

Integral proteins

Answer 2

Detergents are required to separate them from the membrane. Interact w/ only the hydrophobic core of the membrane

Question 3

Transmembrane Integral Protein Types

Answer 3

α-helical or β-sheets

Question 4

Peripheral proteins

Answer 4

Do not require detergents to separate them from the membrane. Can interact with lipid component or integral protein.

Question 5

Where is cardiolipin found?

Answer 5

Mitochondrial membrane only

Question 6

What kind of fatty acid is oleic acid?

Answer 6

Monounsaturated (medium melting point)

Question 7

What kind of fatty acid is Linoleum acid?

Answer 7

Polyunsaturated (low melting point)

Question 8

What kind of fatty acid is Stearic acid?

Answer 8

Saturated (high melting point)

Question 9

What kind of fatty acid is palmitic acid?

Answer 9

Saturated

Question 10

What kind of fatty acid is Arachidonic acid?

Answer 10

Polyunsaturated

Question 11

What category of lipid does sphingomyelin belong to?

Answer 11

Sphingolipid

Question 12

Increasing the amount of cholesterol in a saturated fatty acid rich membrane will do what to the property of the membrane?

Answer 12

Increase fluidity and decrease transition temperature

Question 13

How will increasing the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane alter the property of the membrane?

Answer 13

It will increase the fluidity of the membrane

Question 14

How can polytopic integral membrane proteins affect membrane structure?

Answer 14

It can disrupt membrane thickness

Question 15

What is the most abundant fatty acid in human tissue?

Answer 15

Oleic Acid

Question 16

What are the 3 types of passive transport across a membrane?

Answer 16

Permeability, Simple Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion

Question 17

What lipids are primarily found in the outer leaflet?

Answer 17

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin

Question 18

What lipids are primarily found in the inner leaflet?

Answer 18

Phosphatidylserine (PS) and Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)

Question 19

What enzymes are responsible for moving phospholipids from one membrane to another?

Answer 19

Translocases and Flipases

Question 20

What lipid is restricted to the outer leaflet?

Answer 20

Glycoplipids due to the carbohydrate portion

Question 21

What is one role of cholesterol in relation to plasma membranes?

Answer 21

Modulating fluidity (more=more fluidity below melting point)(if above melting point, will limit the fluidity)

Question 22

What are the ratios of ions transported in Na, K, ATPase?

Answer 22

3Na’s out of the cell, 2K’s into the cell, 1 ATP used