Membrane Bound Proteins Examples

Question 1

Where is insulin released and when?

Answer 1

-Released by the pancreas when blood sugar levels are high

Question 2

What does insulin bind to

Answer 2

• Insulin binds to insulin receptor protein, causing the cell to open the typically closed glucose transport protein
• This allows glucose to enter the cell from the blood

Question 3

What happens after insulin binds to the insulin receptor protein

Answer 3

1) Insulin binds to insulin receptor Protein
2) Reaction happens inside (Causes change)
3) Glucose transport protein opens

Question 4

What is ATP synthase

Answer 4

important enzyme that provides energy for the cell by synthesizing ATP

Question 5

How does an enzyme protein work

Answer 5

Works by adding phosphate into ADP to create ATP

Question 6

Where are enzyme proteins located?

Answer 6

Membrane of chloroplasts and mitochondria.

Used in both photosynthesis and respiration, and the cell membranes of some prokaryotes

Question 7

Why does Hydrogen go downwards during ATP Synthase?

Answer 7

It is attracted to low concentration

Question 8

Energy in ATP vs ADP

Answer 8

ATP had more energy

Question 9

How does ATP Synthase work

Answer 9

1) Hydrogen travels down (Until equillibrium)
2) SPins the channel creating energy
3) Energy combines ADP and Pi
4) ATP is formed

Question 10

Adhesion Proteins connect…

Answer 10

cells to create tissue

Question 11

Cadherins

Answer 11

• Adhesion protein example
• type of transmembrane protein
• In the presence of calcium, binds cells within tissues together

Question 12

MHC Proteins are found…

Answer 12

on surface of cells that belong to a particular individual

Question 13

MHC Proteins?

Answer 13

• Recognition Protein Example

- They interact with the immune system to identify which cells belong to the body and which cells are foreign

Question 14

Pump Proteins work with

Answer 14

ATP synthase

• ATP synthase Makes ATP
• Pump Protein pumps the H+ back up using ATP

Question 15

Sodium/Potassium Pump

Answer 15

• Pump Protein example
• Na and K move against their concentration gradients (from low to high)
• Required energy in the form of ATP

Question 16

Glucose channel protein

Answer 16

• Channel Protein Example
• Glucose is too large and too hydrophilic to diffuse naturally through the phospholipid bi-layer, so it needs a channel
• Glucose goes from high to low concentration so no energy is required.