Melanoma and nevi

Question 1

Risk factors for melanoma development ?

Answer 1

• Phenotypes 1 and 2.
• over 100 nevi.
• Clinically atypical nevi.
• Immunosuppression.
• History of melanoma.
• History of intense exposure to UV radiation.

Question 2

To grade melanoma “thickness” in histopathology we can use ?

Answer 2

• Breslow scale.

* survival decreases, with increasing Breslow’s depth.

Question 3

” Cafe-au-lait spot “ is characterised for ?

Answer 3

Nevus spilus.

• its a congenital lesion.
• very low risk of melanoma.

Question 4

What is the clue to amelanotic melanoma?

Answer 4

usually recent change or growth (E=Evolving)

Question 5

Nevus coeruleus is?

Answer 5

Blue or blue-gray or blue-black.

Question 6

The most important somatic mutations (esp. important for the treatment) ?

Answer 6

• BRAF.
• c-KIT
• also there is NRAS and MEK but not important for the ttt.

Question 7

ABCDE rule in clinical assessment of nevus has low sensitivity for diagnosis of ?

Answer 7

• Nodular melanoma.

Question 8

Amelanotic melanoma is ? and How does it look like under dermscopy?

Answer 8

• contains no melanin.
• pink lesion.
• late diagnosis.
• dermscopy: Neumerous irregular vessels.

Question 9

Types of melanoma with horizontal growth ?

Answer 9

• Superficial spreading melanoma.

- Lentigo maligna melanoma.

Question 10

most common nevi in newborn is?

Answer 10

Vascular

Question 11

Sutton nevus is?

Answer 11

• Melanocytes in and around the nevus are destroyed by lymphocytes.
• Surrounded by a depigmented ring.

Question 12

What is the single most important prognostic factor for survival and clinical management?

Answer 12

Thickness or depth of tumor invasion.

Question 13

TTT for metastatic melanoma or advanced unresectable melanoma ?

Answer 13

• Ipilimumab and Vemurafenib.

Question 14

types of acquired pigmented nevi ?

Answer 14

• Sutton nevus. (depigmented ring)
• Atypical.
• Spitz nevus.
• Nevus coeruleus.

Question 15

Spitz nevus color ?

Answer 15

• Red-brown or grey-blue nodules.

Question 16

Melanocytes are located between ?

Answer 16

basal cells

Question 17

Which is the most common type of melanoma ?

Answer 17

Superficial spreading melanoma

Question 18

When a clinical and dermoscopic evaluation fails to clearly differentiate between atypical nevus and melanoma, what should we do ?

Answer 18

Excisional biopsy with 1-3mm margin.

Question 19

Types of melanoma with vertical growth ?

Answer 19

• Nodular melanoma.

Question 20

ABCD(E) clinical criteria for melanoma ?

Answer 20

A: Asymmetry.
B: Border.
C: Color.
D: diameter.
E: evolving.