MEIOSIS

Question 1

What is meiosis?

Answer 1

A type of cell division resulting in genetically NON identical daughter cells
HAPLOID
Reduced division

Question 2

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 2

Each characteristic of an organism is coded for by 2 copies of each gene, one from each parent
Each nucleus of the organism contains 2 full sets of gene- gene for each characteristic- MATCHING sets called homologous crosses
Each chromosome is a homologous pair that has the same genes at the same loci

Question 3

Prophase 1

Answer 3

Chromatin condense and each chromosome super coils
Nuclear envelope disintegrates
Nucleolus disappears, spindle formation begins
Chromosomes come together in homologous pairs, forming biavelents
Movin them through the liquid they’re brought together -chromatids entagle around chiasma

Question 4

Metaphase 1

Answer 4

Pairs of homologous chronometer align along the equator
Homologous pairs are arranged RANDOMLY with members of each pair facing opposite poles of the cell

=INDEPENDATN ASSORTMENT, different combos of alleles facing the ones
The way the line along metaphase plate determine show they’ll segregate independently when pulled apart

Question 5

Anaphase 1

Answer 5

Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles, chromatids stay joined - CENTROMERES DONT DIVIDE
Sections of DNA on ‘sister’ chromatids wh oh became entangled during crossing over now break off and rejoin = exchange of DNA
Forms recombinant chromatids - sister chromatids no longer identical, genetic variation

Question 6

Telophase 1

Answer 6

Chromosomes assemble at each pole
Nuclear membrane reforms
Chromosomes uncoil
Cell undergoes cytokinesis - DIVIDES INTO 2 NEW CELLS

Question 7

PROPHASE 11

Answer 7

Chromosomes, usually consisting of 2 chromatids, condense and become visible again
Nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle formation begins

Question 8

Metaphase II

Answer 8

Individual chromosomes assemble along metaphase plate

Due to crossing over, chromatids are no longer identical - INDEPENDANT ASSORMENT AGAIN

Question 9

Anaphase II

Answer 9

Unlike anaphase 1, anaphase 2 chromosomatids of INDIVIDUAL chromosomes pulled to opposite poles after division of centromeres

Question 10

Telophase II

Answer 10

Chromasomes assemble at poles
Chromosomes uncoil and form chromatin again
Nuclear envelope
Ncuelolus - visible