MedTerm) NS Flashcards
What does AB- refer to?
AB- means away (away from).
Examples include ab/norm/al (away from normal) and ab/ducens (away/draw or lead).
What does ACOUST/I signify?
ACOUST/I refers to hearing.
Related term: AUDI-.
What does APO- indicate?
APO- means above or upon.
Example: apo/plex/y (above or upon/paralyzed/process of).
What is the meaning of AUDI-?
AUDI- refers to hearing.
Related terms include audi/olog/y (science of hearing) and audio/meter (measurement of hearing).
What does AUR/I stand for?
AUR/I pertains to the ear.
Examples include aur/al (pertaining to the ear) and aur/icle (small ear).
What does BLEPHARO- refer to?
BLEPHARO- means eyelid.
Example: blephar/oma (eyelid swelling or tumor).
What does CANTH/O signify?
CANTH/O refers to the corner of the eye.
Example: cantho/plast/y (cosmetic surgery of the eyelid).
What is the meaning of CATARACT?
CATARACT refers to waterfall or cloudiness.
Specifically, it describes the eyes lens under the cornea that is impervious to light.
What does CATARRH mean?
CATARRH means to flow down.
It refers to any drainage from mucus membranes, especially in the nose, sinuses, and throat.
What does CEREBR/O denote?
CEREBR/O pertains to the brain.
Example: cerebr/al (refers to or pertains to the brain).
What does CERU- refer to?
CERU- means wax.
Example: cerumen/ous (state of wax in the ear).
What does CHALAZ/IO signify?
CHALAZ/IO refers to hailstone.
Example: Chalaz/ion (eyelid sebaceous cyst).
What does COCHLE/O mean?
COCHLE/O pertains to snail-like structures.
Example: cochle/ar (pertaining to the lower part of the inner ear for hearing sound).
What does COMATO mean?
COMATO refers to deep sleep.
Example: comat/ose (condition of deep sleep).
What does CONCUSS/I signify?
CONCUSS/I means violent shaking.
Example: concuss/ion (process of brain injury resulting in various symptoms).
What does -CONIS refer to?
-CONIS means cone-shaped.
Example: kerato/conis (cornea elevated or protruding).
What does CONJUNCTIV/O denote?
CONJUNCTIV/O refers to joined together.
Example: conjunctiv/itis (inflammation of the membrane covering the eye and eyelid).
What does CONVOLO mean?
CONVOLO means to roll together.
Example: convol/ution (pertains to rolling together).
What does CORNE/O signify?
CORNE/O refers to the cornea or horn shape.
Example: corne/itis (inflammation of the cornea).
What does CORTIC/O mean?
CORTIC/O refers to bark, outer bark, rind, or cortex.
Example: cortico/ster/oid (resembling bark).
What does -CUSIS denote?
-CUSIS means hearing.
Example: an/cusis (without hearing).
What does CYCL/O refer to?
CYCL/O means circle.
Example: cycl/itis (inflammation of the muscles around the iris).
What does DACRYO signify?
DACRYO refers to tears.
Example: dacry/doct/itis (inflammation of the tear duct).
What does DENDR/O mean?
DENDR/O refers to tree-shaped.
Example: dendr/ite (tree-shaped structure).
What does DURA denote?
DURA refers to hard.
Example: dura mater (outermost layer of the meninges).
What does -ELLUM signify?
-ELLUM means lesser or smaller.
Example: cereb/ellum (lesser brain).
What does EN/CEPHAL/O refer to?
EN/CEPHAL/O means within the head.
Example: encephalo/gram (recording of the brain).
What does ESTHES/I denote?
ESTHES/I refers to physical feeling.
Example: an/esthes/ia (without physical feeling).
What does FRONT/O mean?
FRONT/O refers to the forehead or before.
Example: front/al (pertains to the front brow).
What does GLAUC/O signify?
GLAUC/O refers to waterfall or gray.
Example: glauc/oma (swelling causing inner eye pressure).
What does GLI/O mean?
GLI/O refers to glue or glue-like.
Example: gli/oma (tumor that holds neurons together).
What does HYPN/O denote?
HYPN/O means sleep.
Example: hypn/osis (condition of sleep).
What does IDE/O signify?
IDE/O refers to idea, thoughts, emotions, or image.
Examples: ideo/motor (movement of ideas) and ideo/vascul/ar (vessels contract due to stress).
What does INCUS refer to?
INCUS means anvil.
It is one of the three tiny ossicles in the middle ear.
What does INTRA- indicate?
INTRA- means within.
Example: intra/nuclear (within the nucleus).
What does IR/O denote?
IR/O refers to rainbow.
Examples: ir/is (rainbow) and ir/idescent (having a rainbow-like appearance).
What does -ITES signify?
-ITES means dropsy or drooping.
Example: tympan/ites (drum dropsy).
What does JUNCTIV/O mean?
JUNCTIV/O refers to joining or to join.
Example: con/junctiv/itis (inflammation of ocular and eyelid parts).
What does KERAT/O signify?
KERAT/O refers to cornea or horny.
Example: kerato/malac/ia (softening of the cornea).
What does LABYRINTH mean?
LABYRINTH refers to a maze.
Example: labyrinth/itis (inflammation of the inner ear).
What does -LEPSY denote?
-LEPSY means seizure or convulsion.
Example: epi/leps/y (upon seizure).
What does MALLE/O refer to?
MALLE/O means hammer.
Example: malle/us (middle ear bone).
What does -MANIA signify?
-MANIA means madness.
Example: klepto/mani/ac (madness of theft).
What does MEAT/O denote?
MEAT/O refers to an opening.
Example: meat/us (opening).
What does MENING/O signify?
MENING/O refers to membrane.
Example: mening/itis (inflammation of the membrane covering the CNS).
What does MENT/O mean?
MENT/O refers to the mind.
Example: ment/al (pertains to the mind).
What does MYDRI/O denote?
MYDRI/O means to widen.
Example: mydri/opt/ic (refers to vision when the pupil dilates).
What does MYRING/O refer to?
MYRING/O pertains to the eardrum.
Example: myring/itis (inflammation of the eardrum).
What does NARC/O signify?
NARC/O means sleep.
Example: narco/lepsy (sleep seizure).
What does NARES refer to?
NARES means nose opening.
Example: nares (nose opening).
What does NAS/O denote?
NAS/O refers to the nose.
Example: nas/al (pertains to the nose).
What does NEUR/O mean?
NEUR/O refers to nerve.
Example: neur/algia (nerve pain).
What does NOCT/I signify?
NOCT/I means night or blind.
Example: noct/uria (excessive urination at night).
What does -NOIA denote?
-NOIA means mind.
Example: para/noia (beyond mind, psychotic condition).
What does OCUL/O refer to?
OCUL/O means eye.
Example: oculo/motor (eye movement).
What does OLFACT/O signify?
OLFACT/O refers to smelling or smell.
Example: olfact/ory (process of smelling).
What does OPHTHALM/O mean?
OPHTHALM/O refers to the eye or eyeball.
Example: ophthalm/olog/ist (eye specialist).
What does OPTO- denote?
OPTO- refers to vision, sight, or eye.
Example: opto/metr/ist (vision measurement specialist).
What does ORB- mean?
ORB- refers to circle or dish.
Example: orbit/al (pertains to the eye socket).
What does OSMO- signify?
OSMO- means smell.
Example: an/osm/ia (without smell).
What does OT/O denote?
OT/O refers to the ear.
Example: ot/itis (inflammation of the ear).
What does PALPEBRA mean?
PALPEBRA refers to the eyelid.
Example: palpebr/itis (inflammation of the eyelid).
What does PALSY signify?
PALSY means slight or moderate paralysis.
Example: Cerebral Palsy (injury to the brain causing loss of movement).
What does -PARESIS denote?
-PARESIS means paralysis.
Example: hemi/pare/sis (half paralysis).
What does PETIT refer to?
PETIT means little illness.
Example: petit mal (less severe epileptic seizure).
What does PHOB/O mean?
PHOB/O refers to fear.
Example: hydro/phob/ia (fear of water).
What does PHON/O signify?
PHON/O means voice or sound.
Example: dys/phon/ia (faulty or difficult voice).
What does PHOR/O denote?
PHOR/O refers to feeling (mental).
Example: eu/phor/ia (good feeling).
What does PIA mean?
PIA refers to gentle.
Example: pia mater (innermost layer of the meninges).
What does PINN/A signify?
PINN/A means feather or feather-like.
Example: pinna/form (feather-like shape).
What does -PLEG/IA refer to?
-PLEG/IA means paralysis.
Examples: quadri/plegia (four limbs paralysis) and para/plegia (lower limbs paralysis).
What does -PLEXY mean?
-PLEXY refers to paralysis.
Example: neuro/plexy (nerve paralysis).
What does POLI/O denote?
POLI/O means gray.
Example: polio/myel/itis (inflammation of the gray spinal cord).
What does PONS refer to?
PONS means bridge.
It surrounds the brain stem and connects to the cerebellum.
What does PRESBYO- signify?
PRESBYO- refers to old.
Example: presby/op/ia (vision defect due to aging).
What does PROPRI/O mean?
PROPRI/O refers to property (nerve stimuli or information).
Example: proprio/ceptor (nerve receivers in the joints).
What does PSYCH/O denote?
PSYCH/O refers to the mind.
Example: psych/olog/y (science of the mind).
What does PTERYG/O signify?
PTERYG/O means winged.
Example: pteryg/oid (resembles a wing).
What does PUPILL/O refer to?
PUPILL/O pertains to the pupil.
Example: pupilo/meter (to measure the pupil size).
What does RADIC/O mean?
RADIC/O refers to nerve root or spinal nerve.
Example: radicul/itis (inflammation of the nerve root).
What does RETINA signify?
RETINA means net or net-like.
Example: Retin/itis (inflammation of the retina).
What does RHIN/O refer to?
RHIN/O means nose.
Examples: rhino/plasty (nose repair) and rhin/itis (inflammation of the nose).
What does SCHIZ/O denote?
SCHIZ/O means split or splitting.
Example: schizo/phren/ia (split mind).
What does SCOT/O signify?
SCOT/O means darkness.
Example: scot/oma (blind spot).
What does SENIL/E refer to?
SENIL/E means old.
Example: senil/ity (state of old age).
What does SOMN/O denote?
SOMN/O means sleep.
Example: somni/pathy (sleep disorder).
What does STAPED/O signify?
STAPED/O refers to stirrup.
Example: staped/ectomy (removal of the stirrup bone).
What does STRABISM/O mean?
STRABISM/O means to squint or squinting.
Example: strabism/us (lazy eye condition).
What does STY/E refer to?
STY/E means raised stye.
It is the inflamed sebaceous gland near an eyelash.
What does TEMPOR/O denote?
TEMPOR/O refers to the temple.
Example: tempor/al (pertains to the temple bones).
What does THEO mean?
THEO refers to god.
Examples: theo/mania (madness of god) and theo/log/y (study of god).
What does TINNITUS signify?
TINNITUS refers to jingling, tinkling, or ringing.
It is caused by inflammation in the cochlea.
What does TROCHLE/O mean?
TROCHLE/O refers to pulley or pulley-like.
Example: trochle/ar (refers to the fourth cranial nerve).
What does TYMPAN/O denote?
TYMPAN/O refers to the eardrum.
Example: tympan/itis (inflammation of the eardrum).
What does TYPH/O mean?
TYPH/O refers to stupor.
Example: typh/oid (bacterial infection causing stupor).
What does UVE/A signify?
UVE/A means grape.
Example: uve/itis (inflammation of the uveal tract).
What does VERTIGO refer to?
VERTIGO means whirling.
It is caused by inflammation in the labyrinth of the inner ear.
What does XEN/O denote?
XEN/O means strange or foreign.
Example: xen/ophthalm/ia (strange eye condition).
