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T1 - Dani's MedTerm > MedTerm - module 15 > Flashcards

MedTerm - module 15 Flashcards

1
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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2
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

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3
Q

glial cells

A

glia

neuroglia

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4
Q

gli/o

A

gluey substance

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5
Q

radicul/o

A

nerve root

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6
Q

radic/o

A

nerve root

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7
Q

rhiz/o

A

nerve root

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8
Q

neuron

A

nerve cell

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9
Q

dendrite

A

projections from the cell body

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10
Q

myelin sheath

A

covers the axon of many nerves

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11
Q

axon

A

thread like extension

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12
Q

gangli/o

A

ganglion

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13
Q

ganglion/o

A

ganglion

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14
Q

afferent

A

sensory

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15
Q

efferent

A

motor

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16
Q

synapse

A

point of functiuonal contact between neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ

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17
Q

impulse conduction

A

receptors of our sensory neurons detect a change in the environment

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18
Q

impulse

A

electrical disturbance

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19
Q

brain

A

one of the largest organs in the body

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20
Q

cranium

A

brain is encased within it

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21
Q

mening/o

A

meninges

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22
Q

meningi/o

A

meninges

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23
Q

dur/o

A

dura mater

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24
Q

arachnoid

A

loosely attached web-like covering

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25
Q

pia mater

A

delicate, inner layer,

rich supply of blood vessels that nourish the nervous tissue

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26
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum

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27
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebrellum

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28
Q

brainstem divisions

A

mid brain
pons
medulla

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29
Q

cerebrum

A

largest most upper section of the brain

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30
Q

sulcus

A

shallow depression on the surface of an organ

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31
Q

frontal lobe

A

largest lobe

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32
Q

temporal lobe

A

lateral region

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33
Q

parietal lobe

A

lies behind frontal and above temporal

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34
Q

occipital lobe

A

small pyramid-shaped area at the posterior of the cerebrum

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35
Q

cerebellum

A

under the cerebrum

second larges

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36
Q

medull/o

A

medulla oblongata

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37
Q

pont/o

A

pons

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38
Q

thalm/o

A

thalamus

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39
Q

ventricle

A

fluid filled cavities of the brain

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40
Q

CSF

A

within the ventricles and surrounds the brain and spinal cord

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41
Q

meningocele

A

saclike hernial protrusion of either the cerebral or spinal meninges through a bony defect in the skull of spinal cord

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42
Q

-cele

A

hernia

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43
Q

meningomyelocele

A

part of the spinal cord, meninges, and CSF protrude through a congenital defect in the verebral arch

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44
Q

hydrocephalus

A

congenital or acquired condition characterized by dilatioin of the cerebral ventricles accompanied by an accumulation of CSF in the skull

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45
Q

duritis

A

inflammation of the dura mater

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46
Q

cerebellitus

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

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47
Q

encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

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48
Q

neuritis

A

inflammation of a nerve

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49
Q

radiculitis

A

inflammation of a nerve root

50
Q

polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many nerves

51
Q

meningitis

A

inflammatory condition that affects the brain and spinal cord
acute inflammation of the pia and arachnoid mater

52
Q

herpes zoster/shingles

A

infections disorder that affects the peripheral nerves

53
Q

neuralgia

A

condition of severe pain

54
Q

hyperesthesia

A

adnormal condition of increased sensativity, painful reaction to normal painless touch stimuli

55
Q

esthesi/o

A

sensory perceptions/sensations

56
Q

-esthesia

A

sensory perceptions/sensations

57
Q

sciatica

A

inflammation of a specific nerve - the sciatic nerve

58
Q

reye syndrome

A

may follow an acute viral infection

acute encephalopathy combined with fatty infiltation of internal organs

59
Q

neuroma

A

tumor composed of nerve cells

benign neoplasm

60
Q

glioma

A

tumor formed by neuroglia

61
Q

glioblastoma multiforme

A

immatur neuroglia

most malignant rapidly gwowing form of glioma

62
Q

concussion

A

injury to the brain cause by minor or major head trauma

63
Q

cephalalgia

A

head pain, vertigo, unconsciousness

64
Q

coma

A

extended perior of unconsciousness

65
Q

transient ischemic attack

A

temporary neurologic disturbances

66
Q

cerebrovascular accident

A

stroke
brain attack
interruption in normal supply of blood to the brain

67
Q

ischemia

A

insufficient blood ini a body part

68
Q

thrombosis

A

blood clot

69
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot attached to the interior wall of a blood vessel

70
Q

embolism

A

movement of a clot ouside the brain, through the blood stream to neurovasculature

71
Q

hemorrage

A

profuse flow of blood within the brain from a ruptured cerebral blood vessel

72
Q

aneurysm

A

dilation of a weakend wall of an artery, vein or heart

73
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one side of the body

74
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of the legs and lower portion of the body

75
Q

quadriplegia and tetraplegia

A

paralysis of all 4 limbs

76
Q

hemiparesis and

A

slight paralysis affecting half of the body

77
Q

monoparesis

A

slight paralysis of one limb

78
Q

-paresis

79
Q

aphasia

A

more severe form of impaired speech

80
Q

dysphagia

A

speech impairment

81
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

rare degenerative disorder of the nervous system

degeneration and scarring of the motor neurons along the lateral columns of the spinal cord

82
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

progressive disorder in which there is destruction of the myelin sheath
myeline sheath destroyed and replaced by scar tissue

83
Q

parasthesia

A

numbness/tingling

84
Q

huntingtons disease

A

deficiency of specific neurotransmitters in the midbrain

85
Q

cerebral palsy

A

disorder of movement or muscle control

86
Q

bell’s palsy

A

paralysis of the 7th cranial nerve, nerve responsible for facial movement and the sensation of taste

87
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

loss of neurons in the midbrain and inadequate production of dipamine

88
Q

gait

A

style of walking

89
Q

seizure

A

abnormal discharge of electrical activity from the nerve cells of the cerebrum

90
Q

covulsion

A

uncontrollable muscle contraction

91
Q

aura

A

unusual sensations

92
Q

syncope

93
Q

psychopath

A

disease of the mind

94
Q

neurosis

A

emotional disorder characterized by anxiety and ineffective coping ability

95
Q

psychosis

A

severe mental disturbance in which the ability to recognize reality and to interact with ones surroundings in defective or lost

96
Q

psychiatry

A

branch of medicine that seeks to understand and describe human behavior and to treat impaired mental and or emotional functioning

97
Q

psychiatrist

A

medical doctors who are trained to recognize, diagnose treat and prevent mental disorders

98
Q

iatr/o

A

treatment, physician

99
Q

iatrist

A

specialist, physician

100
Q

iatry

A

treatment/specialty

101
Q

psychology

A

study of the mental process and behavior

102
Q

psych/o

103
Q

psychologist

A

ph/d in psychology

104
Q

psychogenic

A

originating in the mind

105
Q

psychosomatic

A

relationship of the mind and the body

106
Q

somato form disorders

A

physical illness with no organic cause

107
Q

electroencephalogram

A

detect abnormal electrical discharges from the brain

108
Q

electoroencephalography

A

locate a specific area from which they originate

109
Q

electroencephalograph

A

instrument used to record the impulses from the brain

110
Q

evoked potential studies

A

measures changes and responses in brain waves using visual, auditory or somatosensory stimuli

111
Q

computed tomography of the brain

A

detailed cross sections of brain tissue

112
Q

MRI

A

magnetic waves to create an image of the brain

113
Q

cerebral angiography

A

contrast dye to visualize the brains vascular system radiographically

114
Q

positron emission tomography

A

nuclear medicine imaging technique using radioactive substance to produce sectional images of the brian to examine chemical activity and blood flow within the brain

115
Q

CSF shunt

A

surgical intervention to relieve presure on the brain by inserting a tube

116
Q

stereotaxic radiosurgery

A

focused beam of radiation to destroy the abnormal growth

117
Q

neurotomy

A

incision into a nerve

118
Q

radiculotomy

A

incision into a nerve root

119
Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical repair of a nerve

120
Q

neurorrhaphy

A

suture of a nerve

T1 - Dani's MedTerm (13 decks)

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