MedTerm - module 14 Flashcards
1
Q
osteocyte
A
bone cell
2
Q
oste/o
A
bone
3
Q
-cyte
A
cell
4
Q
osseous
A
bony
5
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
6
Q
ossification
A
process of bone formation
7
Q
epiphysis
A
bony end of a lon bone
8
Q
epiphyseal plate
A
growth plate
9
Q
osteoblasts
A
blood forming cells
small immature osteocytes
10
Q
-blast
A
embryonic/immature
11
Q
osteoclasts/phagocytes
A
resorb, digest, bony tissue and bone minerals
12
Q
-clast
A
break
13
Q
long bones
A
legs and arms
14
Q
short bones
A
wrists and ankles
15
Q
flat bones
A
cover soft body parts
shoulder blades, ribs, skull
16
Q
sesamoid bones
A
small rounded bones.
increase efficiency of a joint muscles around them
patella
17
Q
irregular bones
A
bones that dont fit into a category
18
Q
diaphysis
A
middle shaft
19
Q
metaphysis
A
eopiphysis and epiphyseal plate grow together to form this
20
Q
articular cartilage
A
protect bone from direct bone-to-bone contact
slick, smooth, very tough fibrous tissue
21
Q
bone depressions
A
hollows of bones
22
Q
bone processes
A
raised or projected areas
23
Q
periosteum
A
surrounds bone
outermost surface of the long bones except the ends
24
Q
compact bone
A
hard, dense
strong
25
Haversian canals
blood vessels move through these channels within compact bone
26
spongy bone
interior of bones where spaces fill with marrow
27
red bone marrow
rich in blood andhave mature and immature blood cells
28
endosteum
lines medullary cavity
29
yellow bone marrow
made up of fat cells
30
axial skeleton
skull, spinal column, ribs and sternum
31
appedicular skeleton
upper and lower extremities
| shoulder and pelvic girdles
32
maxill/o
maxila
33
mandibul/o
mandible
34
temporomandibular joint
mandible and temporal joint
35
cranial
skull
36
sinus
small air cavity
37
intracranial
within the skull
38
vertebr/o
vertebral
39
disks
separate vertebrae
40
lamin/o
lamina
41
vertebral foramen/neural foramen
spinal cord passes through
42
cervic/o
cervical
43
thorac/o
thoracic
44
dors/o
dorsal
45
lumb/o
lumbar
46
lumbar
pertaining to the loins
47
cost/o
costals; ribs
48
lumbocostal
pertaining to the loins and the ribs
49
sacr/o
sacrum
50
coccyg/o
coccyx
51
cocygeal
pertaining to the coccyx
52
sacral
pertaining to the sacrum
53
lumbosacral
pertaining to the lumbar and sacrum
54
thoracic cavity
rib cage
55
stern/o
sternum
56
cost/o
costals
57
manubrium
upper part of the sternum
58
xiphoid process
lower part of the sternum
59
xiph/o
xiphoid process
60
clavic/o
clavicle
61
clavicul/o
clavicle
62
scapul/o
scapula
63
acromi/o
acromion
64
acromioclavicular joint
acromion and clavicle articulate
65
humer/o
humerous
66
uln/o
ulna
67
radi/o
radius
68
radial
pertaining to the radius
69
ulnar
pertaining to the ulna
70
ulnoradial
pertaining to the ulna and radius
71
carp/o
carpals
72
metacarp/o
metacarpal
73
phalang/o
phalanges
74
proximal phalanges
ones nearest the palm
75
distal phalanges
neares the tips of the fingers
76
singular form of phalanges
phalanx
77
ili/o
ilium
78
ischi/o
ischium
79
pub/o
pubis
80
symphysis pubis
two pubic bones joint anteriorly at the midline
81
acetabul/o
acetabulum
82
acetabulum forms
hip socket for head of femur
83
femor/o
femur
84
tibi/o
tibia
85
patell/o
patella
86
fibul/o
fibula
87
perone/o
fibula
88
malleol/o
maleolus
89
tars/o
tarsal
90
calcane/o
calcaneus
91
metatars/o
metatarsal
92
muscul/o
muscle
93
my/o
muscle
94
myos/o
muscle
95
tendons
bones to muscle
96
point of origin
unmovable more stable end
97
point of insertion
moveable, farther from trunk
98
antagonist
oppose each other
99
synergist
contract with each other
100
muscle
contract, resulting in movement
101
autonomic
smooth muscle
102
viscer/o
visceral
103
smooth muscle opperates on
internal organs, blood vessels ad glandular ducts
104
skeletal muscles
striated
| voluntary
105
cardi/o
cardiac
106
arthr/o
joint
107
articul/o
joint
108
articulation
point at which muscle attaches to bone
109
tendin/o
tendon
110
ten/o
tendon
111
ligament/o
ligament
112
aponeur/o
aponeurosis
113
synov/o
synovial
114
burs/o
busae/bursa
115
flexion
bending
116
extension
straightening
117
abduction
mvoement away from midline
118
adduction
movement toward midline
119
plant/o
plantar
120
plantar flexion
point toe
121
dorsiflexion
bend foot up
122
pronation
palm down
123
supination
palm up
124
prone
face down
125
supine
face p
126
rotation
multiple directions in one smooth arc
127
eversion
turning outward
128
inversion
turning inward
129
muscular dystropy (MD)
progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers
130
dystrohy
abnormal development
131
atrophy
wasting or without development
132
myasthenia gravis (MG)
chronic disease characterized by weakness
133
polymyositis
chronic inflammatory myopathy, rash over face, eyes and limbs
134
rhabdomy/o
striated/skeletal muscle
135
-penia
deficiency
136
sarc/o
flesh/tissue
137
fracture
broken bone
138
simple fracture
closed- does not rupture the skin
139
compound fracture
open - ruptures the skin
140
colles fracture
distal end of the radius with the distal fragment being displaced backward
141
osteitis
inflammation of bone
142
osteochondritis
inflammation of both bone and cartilage
143
osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
144
bursitis
inflammation of bursa
145
diskitis
inflammation of intervertebral discs
146
meniscitis
inflammation of the meniscus
147
tendinitis
inflammation of a tendon
148
tenosnovitis
inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane
149
osteoporosis
abnormal loss of bone density
150
osteopenia
abnormal reduction in bone mass caused by inadequate replacement of bone lost through normal processes
151
osteopetrosis
abnormal condition of stone-like bone that is cause by increased formation of bone
152
osteomalacia
softenign of bone
153
osteonecrosis
bone tissue death
154
osteocarcinoma/osteosarcoma
malignant tumors of bone
155
osteofibroma
tumor of bone and fibrous tissue
156
myeloma
neoplasm composed of cells normally found in bone marrow
157
synoviosarcoma
malignant neoplasm arising in the synovial membrane of the joints and synovial cells of bursae and tendons
158
carpal tunnel syndrome
median nerve is squeezed by a wrist ligament that basses between that ligment and the bone and tendons of the wrist.
numbness/burning pain
159
systemic lupys erythematosus
collagen CT throughout the body becomes inflamed
160
arthralgia
generalized pain of the joints
161
pyrexia
fever
162
rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune reaction again joint tissues, especially synovial membranes
163
ankylosis
immobility/fixation of a joint
164
gout
defect in the metabolism of uric acid
165
osteoarthritis
degeneration of articular cartilage, changes in synovial membrane, hypertrophy of bones and proliferation of bone spurs
166
exostosis
bone spurs
167
bunion
abnormal enlargement of the base of the big toe
168
scoliosis
lateral curve of the spine
169
lordois
bending forward of the the lumbar spine
170
kyphosis
increased convexity of the thoracic spine
171
spondylosis
abnormal condition of the spine
172
spondylarthritis
arthritis in the spine
173
ankylosing spondylitis
chronic inflammatory disease that causes a fusion of the spine
174
ankyl/o
crooked or stiff
175
spondylolithesis
partial forward dislocaiton of 1 vertebra over the one beneath it
176
spinal stenosis
narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal with attendant pain
177
spina bifida
cogenital fissure of the vertebral column
178
sciatica
pain radiating down the hip
179
herniated disc
protrusion of the central part of he disk that lies between vertebra, resulting in the compression of the spinal cord and pain
