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T1 - Dani's MedTerm > MedTerm - module 11 > Flashcards

MedTerm - module 11 Flashcards

1
Q

digestive tract or (2 other names)

A

alimentary tract

Gastrointestinal tract

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2
Q

digestion

A

mechanical and chemical breakdown of food for use by the body

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3
Q

stomat/o, or/o

A

mouth

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4
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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5
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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6
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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7
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

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8
Q

bolus

A

movements mix food with saliva to form a compact mass

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9
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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10
Q

sialaden/o

A

salivary gland

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11
Q

three extrinsic salivary glands

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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12
Q

bucc/o

A

buccal glands

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13
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

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14
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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15
Q

peristalsis

A

involuntary wave-like movement

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16
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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17
Q

sphincter

A

control opening and closing through contractions

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18
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus

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19
Q

antr/o

A

antrum

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20
Q

pepsia

A

digestion

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21
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

ring of muscles that guards the opening between the stomach and duodenum to ensure that food does not leave the stomach and enter the small intestine because it is chemically ready

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22
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

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23
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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24
Q

chol/e

A

bile

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25
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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26
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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27
Q

pancreat/o

A

panreas

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28
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile ducts

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29
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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30
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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31
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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32
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon

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33
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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34
Q

rect/o, proct/o

A

rectum

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35
Q

feces

A

solid waste expelled from the body through the anus

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36
Q

an/o

A

anus

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37
Q

defecation

A

removal of waste (feces)

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38
Q

abdomin/o, lapar/o, celi/o

A

abdomen

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39
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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40
Q

mesentary

A

fan-shaped fold of this peritoneum

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41
Q

or/o

A

oral

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42
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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43
Q

glossopathy

A

any disease of the tongue

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44
Q

sialolith

A

stone in the salivary gland

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45
Q

uvulitis

A

inflammation of the uvula

46
Q

palatitis

A

inflammation of the palate

47
Q

reflux

A

return of flow of fluid

48
Q

gastroeophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus that gradually breaks down the mucous barrier of the esophagus

49
Q

emesis

50
Q

hematemisis

A

vomiting of blood

51
Q

bulimia

A

eating disorder in which people gorge themselves on food then induce vomiting

52
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

psychoneurotic disorder

53
Q

obesity

A

excess of body fat

54
Q

polyp/o

55
Q

polyposis

A

abnormal condition of multiple polyps, can develop

56
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

57
Q

aphagia

A

inability to swallow, but this is rare with polyps

58
Q

gastroenterology

A

branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the stomach and intestines

59
Q

gastromegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the stomach

60
Q

ascites

A

abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

61
Q

gastromalacia

A

abnormal softening of the walls of the stomach

62
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

63
Q

adhesion

A

abnormal growing together of two surfaces that normally are separated

64
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent passage of of loose, watery feces

65
Q

constipation

A

decreased motility of the colon; defecation is difficult

66
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of the intestines

67
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

68
Q

ulcer

A

open wound

69
Q

peptic ulcer

A

eroded area of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum

70
Q

duodenal ulcer/gastric ulcer

A

occurs in the duodenum

71
Q

apepsia

A

lack of digestion altogether

72
Q

melena

A

bleeding in the upper GI tract, stools are black and tarry due to the presence of digested blood

73
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of bloody stools

74
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

inflammation of the large intestine that may produce a bleeding ulcer

75
Q

idiopathic

76
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

77
Q

gastroenterocolitis

A

inflammation of the stomach, intestines, and colon

78
Q

crohn disease

A

chronic intestinal inflammation that usually occurs in the terminal ileum and colon and is characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue can lead to intestinal obstruction

79
Q

celiac disease

A

immune reaction to gluten

80
Q

malabsorption

A

conduction of impaired digestion or impaired intestinal absorption of nutrients

81
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammatory condition involving the presence of diverticula

82
Q

leukocytosis

A

elevated white blood count

83
Q

diverticul/o

A

diverticulum

84
Q

diverticulosis

A

presence of pouchlike herniations through the muscular layer of the colon, especially the sigmoid colon

85
Q

ileus

A

obstruction of the intestines, caused by failure of peristalsis

86
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping the intestines

87
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the intestine upon itself

88
Q

hernia

A

protrusion, or rupture, of an organ through the body wall

89
Q

inguin/o

90
Q

umbilic/o

91
Q

hiatal hernia

A

upper part of the stomach protruding through the diaphragm

92
Q

inguinal hernia

A

small loop of bowel protruding through a weak lower abdominal muscle

93
Q

hermorrhoid

A

swollen or distendedm twisting veins in the rectal region

94
Q

proctoptosis

A

proplapse of the rectum

95
Q

rectocele

A

protrusion of the rectum

96
Q

sclera

A

normally white

97
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

98
Q

steat/o

A

excess fat

99
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

100
Q

hepatoma

A

tumor of the liver

101
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic disease with gradual destruction of cells

102
Q

hemochromatosis

A

fairly rare disorder that occurs when the body absorbs too much iron from food, creating excess iron deposits

103
Q

cholelithiasis

A

gall stones

104
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

stones in the common bile duct

105
Q

cholangioma

A

tumor of the bile duct

106
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

107
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

108
Q

endoscopy

A

visual examination of the interior of an organ using an endoscope

109
Q

esophagoscopy

A

insertion of an instrument to look at the esophagus

110
Q

laproscopy

A

look at the abdominal cavity

111
Q

helicobacter pylori antibodies test

A

diagnostic blood test to see the presence of the helicobacter pylori that causes gastritis and pyloric ulcers

112
Q

barium enema

A

radiographic fils taken of large intestin

T1 - Dani's MedTerm (13 decks)

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