Meds Flashcards
CNS acting muscle relaxants and side effects
Baclofen + Cyclobenzaprine
Side effects: Dizzy/drowsy/mm weakness
primary muscle relaxer that is used to treat muscle spasticity (stiffness and spasms) caused by conditions such as a spinal cord injury, stroke, cerebral palsy, or multiple sclerosis
Hint: Daniel Gray
Dantrolene (Sodium Dantrium)
Side effects: Drowsy/Dizzy/mm weakness; visual disturbance
Opioid Side effects
Bradycardia, Resp. Depression
Side effects of NSAIDS
Ibuprofen (motrin), Naproxen, and Diclofenac
dizziness, tinnitis, upset stomach
steroid side effects?
Mood + Visual changes, rapid weight gain, fragile tendons/ligaments
METHOTREXATE is a Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)
Used to?
suppress the immune and/or inflammatory systems.
Thiazide, Furosemide, Spiroalactone are examples of what class of drug?
Who might use?
Diuretics -> Hypertension, Edema, CHF/CKD
Which diuretic may cause arrythmias?
Thiazide (indicated for CHF)
Indications for Beta-Blockers? End in?
Main side effects
Indications: HTN, arrythmia, CHF; Heart attack prevention
Metroprolol (Lopressor); Labetalol (Trandate); Acebutolol (Sectral)
ending in -LOL*
Bradycardia, OrthoHypo
Side effects of prednisone? (Deltasone)
Fragile skin/bones, water retention, HA
Purpose of Alpha-Blockers?
Doxa/Prazo- OSIN*
HTN management!
Side effects: Low BP, SOB, dizziness
Which HTN drug is a Vasodilator?
Side effects include: Tachycardia, Anxiety, nasea/vom
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
AngioTENSION-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are medications that help….
Benazepril/Captopril/Enalapril (-PRIL)
Side effects?
relax the veins and arteries to lower blood pressure.
Side effects: Dry cough, tachycardia, confusion, drowsiness
Proton pump inhibitors are used to manage…
Ends in -???
side effects?
GERD
-Azole (Esomeprazole/Omeprazole) (Nexium/Prilosec)
Side effects = Tachycardia, confusion, dizziness
Calcium channel blockers treat ?
HTN, Arryhtmia, Chest pain
Examples: Diltiazem, Felodipine, Verapramil
Side effects: SOB, palpitations, swelling, drowsy/dizzy
Which thyroid disease is levothyroxine for? Side effects?
“Levo for hypo”
Side effects: As if HYPERthyroid! Insomnia, irritability, poundings Heart
Most common drug for Diabetes type 2? Side effects?
Metformin
Side effects: Drowsiness, slow HR
What is Glibenclamide is used to treat ?
Diabetes (II)
Side effects: HYPOglycemia, weight gain
Phenobarbital is for….
side effects?
Seizures
Side effects: Memory loss, irritability, drowsiness
Carbamazepine…
What for?
Side effects?
sounds like Carbonada, Guy’s favorite!
Seizures
Side effects: Clumsy, dizzy, drowsy
Topiramate is a broad-spectrum..?
Anticonvulsant and Nerve pain medication
Seizures; Migrane; neuropathic pain; fibromyalgia
Side effects: Fatigue, dizzy, NUMBNESS bc of reduced nerve conduction
Pregabalin (Lyrica) is a _____ Analog used for ___/____
Side effects?
GABA analog: reduces neuron excitability
used for seizure/nerve pain/Fibromyalgia
side effects: Mood swings, Weight gain, Blurred vision
Diazepam/Lorazepam; what do they amplify and treat?
(nickname?)
“Benzos”; enhance effects of GABA in CNS
anxiety, insomnia, and seizure
What drug is for Parkinsons?
Side effects/Overdose s/s
Levodopa
Side effects: Tremor, mm stiffness, confusion
OD s/s: severe dizziness, irregular heartbeat, agitation
Gabapentine is for…
seizures!
numbness, blurred vision, tiredness, drowsy/dizzy
x is one of the most common anticoagulants and is used frequently after a total joint replacement for the first several weeks.
Warfarin
used to stop clots from forming, but increase hemorrhage risk
Anti-arthritic agents and anti-inflammatories (gluticocoricoid drugs) such as
- betamethasone
- cortisone
- dexamethasone
- hydrocortisone
- methylprednisolone
- prednisolone
- prednisone
- triamcinolone
have catabolic effects on what?
Bone, skin, tendon - CAUTION ON AGGRESSIVE STRENGTHENING AND STRETCHING
Cerebellar side effects such as ataxia are common with what type of drugs?
Anti-Epileptics
What should be closely monitored with pts on levodopa?
Blood Pressure - increased risk for hypo-ortho/falls
Why should perceived exertion ratings be used with pts on beta blockers?
- Acebutolol.
- Atenolol (Tenormin)
- Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
- Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)
- Nadolol (Corgard)
- Nebivolol (Bystolic)
- Propranolo
Diminished HR response to exercise
AnytiArrythmic agents require increased awareness of what risk?
- amiodarone
- flecainide
- ibutilide (Corvert), which can only be given through IV.
- lidocaine (Xylocaine), which can only be given through IV.
- procainamide
- propafenone
- quinidine
- tocainide=
Ortho-hypo - Fall risk
pts taking diuretics may experience ???
exercises or modalities that produce widespread ??? should be avoided
fatigue and mm weakness d/t decreased fluid and electrolytes
widespread vasodilation should be avoided d/t increased risk of ortho hypo
Signs of toxicity to respiratory agents
Tremor, confusion, arrythmia
Mucolytic and expectorant drugs should be taken how long before chest decompression therapies
30-60 mins beforehand
Pts on anti-anxiety drugs should not schedule theraputic exercise when?
what risk increases generally?
A few hours after drug dose, d/t drowsiness
general increase for fall risk
Common side effects of antipsychotic drugs
extrapyramidal s/s such as abnormal movement patters (dyskinesia, dystonia)
be alert for changes in posture or balance and notify doc
- An irregular or fast heartbeat.
- Fatigue.
- Pale skin.
- Shakiness.
- Anxiety.
- Sweating.
- Hunger.
- Irritability.
Pt has Diabetes 2
what to do?
Offer a snack
rest
reduce workload next session and make sure pt eats carbs snack 30 mins before
monitor for seizures, insulin shock
