Infant Reflexes Flashcards
ATNR looks like: when head is turned to one side, arm and leg on face side extend an arm and leg on the opposite side are flexed
Should disappear at six months, if not what skills may be interfered with? What deformities?
SelfFeeding visual tracking midline use of the hands bilateral use of the hands Rolling crawling leads to skeletal deformities in the hip and spine
What is the symmetrical tonic neck reflex
When?
The stimulus is head position of flexion or extension. The response is when the head is flexed the arms are flexed and legs extend. When head is extended the arms are extended and the legs are flexed. Appears at six months and ends at eight months.
What may the STNR interfere with
Ability to prop on arms in prone
Reciprocal crawling, quadruped
Sitting balance
use of hands while sitting
The tonic labyrinthine reflex
In the supine position all extremities and body are in extension
In the prone position all extremities and spine are in flexion
What might the TLR interfere with
Neck control
balance sitting and standing
Postural control
Describe the gallant reflex. When should it disappear. How does it interfere or what musculoskeletal impact can develop?
The Galant reflex is a lateral flexion of the trunk when the skin is stroked from shoulder to hip. Should disappear by two months. May interfere with sitting balance and lead to scoliosis
When should the Palmer grasp reflex disappear and what does it interfere with
Should disappear at four months, interferes with the ability to grasp and release objects voluntarily and weight bear on an open hand
What is the planter grasp reflex, when should it disappear, and what does it interfere with
pressure at the base of the toes leads to toe flexion. Should disappear at nine months.
Interferes with the ability to stand, balance reactions, and weight shifting
A prolonged rooting reflex, in which the head turns to the side of a stimulus with an open mouth to feed, should disappear at three months. If it does not, what happens?
Oral motor development like self feeding is interfered with. Midline control of the head is lacking, which interferes with visual tracking and social interaction.
Describe the Moro reflex
When the head is dropped into extension suddenly by a few inches, the arms Abduct with fingers open, then are tucked to cross into the trunk with crying.
When should the Moro reflex disappear
what might interfere with if not integrated
Should disappear at five months
interferes with balance reactions in sitting, protective responsives in sitting, Eye hand coordination, and visual tracking
How is the startle reflex different from the Moro response
The startle reflex stimulus is a sudden loud noise, elbows remain flexed and hands are closed, should disappear at five months.
Moro = arms ABD then cross in adduction in response to sudden drop of head
The positive support reflex and walking or stepping reflex both should disappear by when and interfere with what skills
Both should disappear at two months, both interfere with standing and walking, balance reactions and weight shifting and standing
The positive support reflex can lead to contractors in the ankles and plantar flexion, whereas the stepping reflex interferes with development of LE reciprocal coordination.
Wait placed on the balls of feet when upright as a response to step in the legs and trunk into extension
what reflex?
Positive support reflex
When should an infant be able to get in the sitting position without assistance and sit independently
6-7 mo
