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pharmacology > Medications & Special Conditions > Flashcards

Medications & Special Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Limited dose of 325 mg when combined with other drugs

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2
Q

AcetaZOLAMIDE (Diamox, Diamox Sequels)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C

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3
Q

Acetic Acid (Vinegar)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Safety and efficacy have not been established in children younger than 3 years

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4
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B ; Use cautiously in pregnant and breastfeeding women and only if clearly indicated | When given IV, anaphylactoid-type reactions usually follow the first dose ; Can be minimized by ensuring that the medication is infused over 1 hour | Acetylcysteine smells like rotten eggs because of it’s sulfur content

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5
Q

Activated charcoal

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Shake vigorously before use | Contact medical direction before administering in cases of acetaminophen overdose

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6
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Monitor the ECG and record a rhythm, strip during administration | Ineffective in converting AF, atrial flutter, or VT | Should NOT be administered for hemodynamically unstable, irregularly irregular, or polymorphic wide-complex tachycardias

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7
Q

Albumin (Albumarc, Albutein, Flexbumin)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Administered with 0.9% NS, D5W, or sodium lactate

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8
Q

Albuterol

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | May precipitate angina pectoris and dysrhythmias | Patients may need to be coached on proper use of the MDI | Current research shows no benefit in use for in bronchiolitis tx

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9
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D ; may cause fetal death ; Lactating women should not breastfeed following use | May worsen or precipitate new dysrhythmias | Monitor for hypotension and increasing PR and QT intervals | Dosage may change per the most current International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) recommendations

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10
Q

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D | If there are no contraindications, non–enteric-coated, chewable aspirin should be given as soon as possible to all patients with a suspected ACS after symptom onset

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11
Q

Atropine sulfate

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Paradoxical bradycardia can occur w/ doses lower than 0.1mg | Ineffective in hypothermic bradycardia; May be ineffective in patients who have undergone heart transplantation or in infranodal AV blocks | Use with caution in the presence of myocardial ischemia because atropine increases myocardial oxygen demand

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12
Q

Benzocaine Spray (Hurricane)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Quantity in a single spray varies among different manufacturers | Potentially dangerous methemoglobin levels from use in the mouth and throat

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13
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Not Recommended in breastfeeding women | Bumetanide does not have the vasodilatory effects of furosemide | Diuretic potency is about 40 times greater than furosemide

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14
Q

Calcium chloride

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Contains three times more elemental calcium than calcium gluconate, which is preferred in children | Essential for constant ECG and vital sign monitoring | Do NOT administer by either the IM or SubQ

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15
Q

Calcium gluconate

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Constant ECG and vital sign monitoring is essential | Central venous administration is the preferred route in pediatrics | Do NOT administer by either the IM or SubQ

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16
Q

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Can be given orally or IV in conjunction with diphenhydrAMINE for urticaria

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17
Q

Hetastarch (Hespan)

A

Pregnancy Safety: Category C

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18
Q

Plasma Protein Fraction (Plasmanate)

A

Do NOT use if the solution is cloudy or if sedimentation is seen

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19
Q

0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)

A

N/A

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20
Q

0.45% Sodium Chloride

A

N/A

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21
Q

Lactated Ringer Solution (Hartmann Solution)

A

N/A

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22
Q

3% Sodium Chloride (Hypertonic Saline)

A

Should be administered through a central line due to its high osmolarity and tonicity

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23
Q

5% Dextrose in 0.45% Sodium Chloride

A

N/A

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24
Q

5% Dextrose in 0.9% Sodium Chloride

A

N/A

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25
Q

5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer Solution

A

N/A

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26
Q

Total Parenteral Nutrition

A

Vary based on the specific mixture

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27
Q

Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; caution w/ breast feeding women too | Administer IV/IO doses slowly | Steroids can mask infection | Can increase blood glucose levels, so antidiabetic drug dosages may be needed to adjust | Hydrocortisone succinate is preferred over methylPREDNISolone and dexamethasone for pts w/ adrenal insufficiency because of its dual glucocorticoid and mineralocoricoid effects | High doses of glucocorticoids or prolonged use can result in many adverse reactions and side effects | It should NOT be used for AMS or HACE prevention in children

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28
Q

Dextran

A

In the management of burn shock, it is essential to follow standard fluid resuscitation regimens to prevent possible circulatory overload

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29
Q

Bacteriostatic Water

A

Pregnancy category: C | Due to the presence of a benzyl alcohol additive, other dilutional agents should be used if available | Solution should be made approximately isotonic before use

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30
Q

5% Dextrose in Water

A

D5W should NOT be administered simultaneously with blood through the same IV administration set because of the possibility of hemolysis.

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31
Q

10% Dextrose in Water

A

N/A

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32
Q

Dextrose

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Draw blood to determine the patient’s glucose level before administering | Document reassessment of vital signs and mental status after administration | for pt less than 8 y/o concentration of no more than 25% should be used | for neonates and infants less than 1 y/o no more than 10% to 12.5% should be used (their vasculature is extremely sensitive to high concentrations) | May induce acute thiamine deficiency (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome) in malnourished patients and those with chronic alcoholism; if suspected alcohol abuse or malnurition indicated try to give thiamine before giving dextrose (follow local protocols) | Extravasation may lead to tissue necrosis | Do NOT administer to patients with known stroke unless hypoglycemia is documented

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33
Q

Diazepam (Valium, Diastate, AcuDial)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D | Consider decreasing dose by 50% in patients older than 60 years | Convulsive Antidote Nerve Agent (CANA) is a commercially available auto-injector | In cases of an axetylcholinesterase inhibitor agent exposure, administration of diazepam or midazolam id preferred over lorazepam because of their more rapid onset of action

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34
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

A

Can prolong the PR interval and cause ST-segment changes on the EKG; careful cardiac monitoring is essential | Calcuim channel blockers or beta blockers are generally preferred for heart rate control in pts w/ AF; adenosine is preferred to tx reentry SVT | Cardioversion should be AVOIDED if pt is taking digoxin, but if the situation is life-threatening, use a lower energy dose (10 to 20 joules)

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35
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Diltiaz)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Dysrhythmias may be observed during pharmacologic conversion | Carefully monitor BP and EKG before, during, and after administration

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36
Q

DiphenhydrAMINE HCl (Benadryl)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Increases the effectiveness of epinephrine | Can be given in conjunction with any H2-blocking antihistamine

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37
Q

DOBUTamine Hydrochloride (Dobutrex)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | BP and hemodynamic monitoring recommended | Titrate dose to maintain a heart rate increase of no greater than 10% of baseline | May increase infarct size in patients with MI | May precipitate or exacerbate ventricular ectopy | Older patients may have a significantly decreased response | Patients may become hypotensive from the vasodilatory effect

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38
Q

DOPamine Hydrochloride (Intropin)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Correct hypovolemia before administering | Should be administered by infusion pump | Extravasation may cause necrosis and sloughing of surrounding tissue | Slow or stop the infusion if tachydysrhythmias or increased ventricular ectopy is observed | Sudden cessation of infusion can result in significant hypotension | Research suggests that pt in cardiogenic or septic shock who are tx’ed w/ norepinephrine have a lower mortality rate than those tx’ed w/ DOPamine

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39
Q

Droperidol (Inaspine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Cases of QT prolongation and/or TdP have occurred in pts w/ no known risk of QT prolongation; some have been fatal | Closely monitor vital signs and EKG | Monitor the QT interval with a 12-lead EKG if feasible | Document the QT interval and relay findings to the receiving facility staff

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40
Q

EPINEPHrine

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; contraindicated for pts in active labour | Carefully document the dosage, concentration, route, time of administration, and patient’s response to each dose | Administer epinephrine as soon as possible in cardiac arrest associated with PEA or asystole | Reduce the dose of epinephrine in patients taking MAOIs, per the local protocols

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41
Q

Etomidate (Amidate)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | No analgesic properties | Avoid administration into small veins because the solution is highly irritating | Carefully monitor vital signs | Etomidate can suppress adrenal gland production of steroid hormones and cortisol after a single dose, temporarily causing gland failure | Consider decreasing the dose in older patients and patients with cardiac conditions

42
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | More potent H2 blocker w/ fewer adverse effects and drug interactions and a longer duration of action than cimetidine | Can be given orally or IV in conjunction w/ diphenhydrAMINE for urticaria

43
Q

FentanNYL Citrate (Sublimaze)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Opioid overdose may lead to chest wall rigidity and require positive end-expiratory pressure with doses of naloxone | Document pain severity on a scale of 0 to 10 before and after administration and on arrival

44
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Ototoxicity may occur if too high a dose is taken or if the pt has severe kidney dysfunction

45
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B ; use in pregnancy only if clearly indicated | Ineffective if glycogen stores are depleted | Document reassessment of vital signs and mental status after administration

46
Q

Glucose, oral

A

Must be swallowed | pt must be able to maintain and protect their own airway | Check a glucometer reading before administering and repeat 10 minutes after administration | Document reassessment of vital signs and mental status after administration

47
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; serious fetal risk during third trimester | Continuous cardiac monitory is required if administering IV | Monitor the QT interval with a 12-lead ECG if feasible

48
Q

Helium Gas Mixture (Heliox)

A

Pregnancy safety: Not classified | The lower the helium percentage, the less effective | It should not be routinely administered to children with respiratory distress

49
Q

HydrALAZINE (Apresoline)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; NOT recommended for long-term use during pregnancy | Usually lowers DBP more than SBP

50
Q

Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Colu-Cortef)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; use caution w/ breastfeeding pts | Steroids can mask infection | Can increase blood glucose levels | High doses of glucocorticoids or prolonged use can result in many adverse reactions and side effects | Hydrocortisone succinate is preferred | Patients with adrenal insufficiency may have an emergency dose of hydrocortisone

51
Q

HYRDROmorphone (Dilaudid)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | 5 to 7 times more potent than morphine, with a shorter duration of analgesia | Respiratory depression is managed with naloxone | Document pain severity using a scare of 0 to 10 before and after administration and on arrival

52
Q

Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; fetal harm risk and breastfeeding should stop | Preferred agent in known or suspected cyanide poisoning | Reassess the patient’s airway, oxygenation, and hydration during administration | Administration causes discoloration of the skin and urine, rendering pulse oximetry values inaccurate | It is best to perform prehospital phlebotomy before administering this medication | Replaces cyanide antidote kit

53
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

A

Increased risk of heart attack or stroke in patients with or without heart disease or risk factors for heart disease | Increased risk of heart failure

54
Q

Insulin

A

IFT use for prehospital

55
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Shake well before use | It should NOT be given to children with bronchiolitis in the prehospital setting

56
Q

Isopropyl Alcohol

A

N/A

57
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category N (not classified) ; Contraindicated for pregnancy or breastfeeding pts | Dissociative anesthetic - pts can be conscious but insensitive to pain and have short-term amnesia| Shorter acting and less toxic that PCP | Some patients may experience an emergence reaction after the full duration of the medication’s effect, which may last a few hours

58
Q

Ketorolac Tromethamine (Toradol)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; Contraindicated to pregnant and breastfeeding pts | Use caution if pain is possibly from a traumatic source | Document pain severity using a scale of 0 to 10 before and after administration and on arrival at the receiving facility

59
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C

60
Q

Lidocaine HCl (Xylocaine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Reduce the maintenance infusion in the presence of impaired liver function or left ventricular dysfunction | Discontinue the infusion immediately if signs of toxicity develop

61
Q

LORazepam (Ativan)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D ; Fetal risk and maternal benefit should be considered before use | Monitor respiratory rate and BP during administration | Have advanced airway equipment readily available | Consider decreasing the dose by 50% in patients older than 60 years

62
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D ; Due to confirmed evidence of human fetal risk, must be used cautiously, although administration may be justified | To treat magnesium toxicity: Stop the infusion, Give calcium gluconate 1 g IV in cases of impending respiratory arrest, Support the patient’s ventilatory effort | Do NOT abbreviate magnesium sulfate to avoid confusion with morphine sulfate

63
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | May crystallize at low temperatures | Usage and dosages in emergency care are controversial | Be sure to have ventilatory support available

64
Q

Meperidine Hydrochloride (Demerol)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Use with caution in patients with asthma and COPD | May aggravate seizures in patients with known convulsive disorders | Has a shorter duration of action than morphine | Effects are reversible with naloxone | Document pain severity using a scale of 0 to 10 before and after administration and on arrival

65
Q

MethylPREDNISolone Sodium Succinate (Solu-Medrol)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; crosses the placenta and may cause fetal harm ; use caution in pregnant and breastfeeding women, consider risk to benefit ratio | Steroids can mask infection | Can increase blood glucose levels | Hydrocortisone succinate is preferred over methylPREDNISolone and dexamethasone for pts w/ adrenal inssuficiency because of the its dual glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid effects | High doses or prolonged use can result in many adverse reactions and side effects

66
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Geriatric patients should receive the lowest dose that is effective; They are at a greater risk for adverse effects

67
Q

Midazolam Hydrochloride (Versed)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D ; Fetal risk and maternal benefits should be considered ; Breastfeeding should stop following administration | Requires careful monitoring of respiratory and cardiac function | Reduce the dose by 50% in patients older than 60 years | Evidence supports use of IM use as an intervention that is at least as safe and effective as IV use for prehospital seizure cessation | In case of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor agent exposure, administration of diazepam or midazolam is preffered over lorazepam because of their more rapid onset of action

68
Q

Milrinone (Primacor)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Hemodynamic monitoring is required | Closely monitor BP and heart rate

69
Q

Morphine sulfate (Roxanol, MS Contin)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; use caution in pregnant and breastfeeding pts ; morphine rapidly crosses the placenta ; Safety in neonates has not been established | Use with caution in older patients, those with asthma, and those susceptible to CNS depression | The effects are reversible with naloxone | Document pain severity using a scale of 0 to 10 before and after administration and on arrival | Do NOT abbreviate to avoid confusion with magnesium sulfate

70
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan, EVZIO)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Repeat dosing may be required | It is generally NOT beneficial in patients with cardiac arrest | Provide ongoing airway support as needed until the patient has adequate respiratory effort | Administration can be titrated until adequate respiratory effort is achieved if given with a syringe IV, IM, IN, or ET tube; When administered IN, divide doses equally to give a maximum of 1 mL per nostril | Administration can result in onset opioid withdrawal | Very high doses may be required when managing novel opioid overdoses | If administered to the patient before EMS arrival, obtain information on the dose and route through which it was administered and bring the devices with the patient

71
Q

NIFEdipine (Procardia, Adalat, Nifedical)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Can be used for HAPE treatment when descent is impossible or delayed and reliable access to supplemental oxygen or portable hyperbaric therapy is unavailable | Hypotension is less common when the extended-release preparation is used but may develop when the medication is given to patients with intravascular volume depletion | Reassess vital signs every 10 minutes during transport

72
Q

Nitroglycerin (NGT)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; has been used safely during pregnancy ; use caution w/ breastfeeding women and monitor infants for adverse effects | Hypotension is more common in older patients | If a 12-lead ECG shows an inferior wall infarct, rule out RV infarction via right-side 12-lead ECG before administering NTG | It must be kept in an airtight container | IV NTG must be administered only with an infusion pump direct from the bottle with a vented IV set and non-polyvinyl chloride tubing | The active ingredient may have stinging effect when administered

73
Q

Nitroprusside (Nitropress)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; caustion w/ use during pregnancy ; contraindicated for use in breastfeeding women | Light sensitive | Keep the drug reservoir and tube covered with an opaque material | Can cause cyanide toxicity

74
Q

Nitrous oxide 50:50 (Nitronox)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Some EMS agencies prohibit use inside ambulances because of the risk of rescuer exposure | It is nonflammable and nonexplosive | It is ineffective in 20% of the population | Document pain severity using a scale of 0 to 10 before and after administration and on arrival at the receiving facility

75
Q

Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levophed, Levarterenol)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; May cause fetal anocia when used in pregnancy | Correct hypovolemia before administering | Use an infusion pump and administer through a large, stable vein to avoid extravasation and tissue necrosis | Close monitoring of the IV/IO site and vital signs is essential | Drug or poison-induced hypotension may require higher doses to achieve adequate perfusion | Lower mortality rate for patients in cardiogenic or septic shock than those treated with DOPamine

76
Q

Ondansetron (Sandostatin)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B

77
Q

Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Patients are at risk for severe sedation (including coma) or delirium after each injection: Must be observed for at least 3 hours with access to emergency response services; and Risk is significant when administered concomitantly with benzodiazepines

78
Q

Onansetron Hydrochloride (Zofran, Zuplenz)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B ; while this med has NOT been adequately studied in pregnancy to determine its safety in this population, it remains a tx option for hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnant pts | ECG monitoring is recommended for patients who have electrolyte abnormalities, heart failure, or bradydysrhythmias, or who are also receiving other medications that cause QT prolongation | It can be sedating in very young children

79
Q

Oxygen

A

Be familiar with liter flow rates and each type of delivery device used

80
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dristan 12-hours, Vicks Sinus-12hours)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B

81
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Closely monitor vital signs, including fetal heart rate and uterine tone

82
Q

Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Does not provide sedation of analgesia and will not stop neuronal seizure activity | If the patient is conscious, explain the effect of the medication before administration | Always sedate the patient before administration | Intubation and ventilatory support must be readily available | Doses should be calculated based on ideal body weight | Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid-type adverse reactions, including fatalities, have been reported in association with neuromuscular blocker use

83
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Each bottle is for single-patient use

84
Q

Potassium Iodide (Pima Syrup, SSKI, ThyroSafe, ThyroShield)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category D | EMS providers may be asked to assist public health agencies in distribution and administration in a mass-casualty incident involving radiation release or exposure | Adults older than 40 years should not take KI without public health or emergency management official acknowledgment | Adults older than 40 years have the lowest chance of developing thyroid cancer or injury after contamination with radioactive iodine and are more likely to have allergic reactions or adverse effects

85
Q

Pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Slow IV infusion prevents tachycardia, laryngospasm, and muscle rigidity | Consider drawing a blood sample before administration for the hospital to run pretreatment levels | A dose should be administered shortly after the nerve agent or organophosphate poisoning exposure | Cardiac monitoring should be considered in all cases of severe organophosphate poisoning

86
Q

Procainamide Hydrochloride (Pronestyl)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Hypotension may occur with rapid infusion

87
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; Use during pregnancy only if the potential maternal benefit outweighs the fetal risk ; Contraindicated for use in breastfeeding women | The label carries an FDA black box warning for children younger than age 2 years

88
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C ; use caution w/ pregnant women ; contraindicated for breastfeeding women | Convulsions and sudden death have been reported when used with children | Do NOT administer if haloperidol or droperidol with be or has been given | Monitor the QT interval with a 12-lead ECG if feasible | Document the QT interval and relay the findings to the receiving facility staff | Deep IM injection is the recommended route of administration

89
Q

Proparacaine Opthalmic (Alcaine, Ophthaine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Each bottle is for single-patient use | The corneal epithelium may become dry during use | Instruct the patient not to rub, touch, or wipe the affected eye because the affected eye will be insensitive to touch for as long as 20 minutes after use

90
Q

Propofol (Diprivan)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B ; contraindicated in pregnant and breastfeeding women due to potential fetal and infant respiratory depression | It has NO analgesic properties | Use with caution in patients: with difficult airways | Have emergency airway equipment readily available | Avoid rapid administration in older patients to avoid hypotension and airway obstruction | Carefully monitor vital signs and oxygenation | Use a large, stable vein to avoid injection during transport because noxious stimuli may arouse patients | Infusion may need to be increased during transport because noxious stimuli may arouse patients

91
Q

Rocuronium Bromide (Zemuron)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | It does NOT provide sedation or analgesia and will NOT stop neuronal seizure activity | If the pt is conscious, explain the effect of the medication before administering | Always sedate the pt before administering the med | Intubation and ventilatory support must be readily aviable; monitor the pt carefully | Doses should be calculated based on ideal body weight | Pulse rate and cardiac output are increased w/ use of the med | Decrease dose for pts w/ renal disease | Anaphylaxtix and anaphlactoid-type adverse reactions, including fatalities, have been reported in association w/ neuromuscular blocker use

92
Q

Sildenafil (Revatio, Viagra)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B

93
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Monitor the patient closely for signs and symptoms of fluid overload | Ensure the patient has adequate airway and ventilatory support | May precipitate or inactivate other medications | Flush the IV line well before and after injecting sodium bicarbonate | Extravasation may lead to tissue sloughing, cellulitis, and necrosis at the injection site

94
Q

Sodium thiosulfate (Nithiodote)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Hydroxocobalamin is the only agent that is considered safe for treating cyanide poisoning in the pregnant patient

95
Q

Succinylcholine Chloride (Anectine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Doses should be calculated based on ideal body weight | If the patient is conscious, explain the effects of the drug before administration | Appropriate sedation and analgesia should be provided to any conscious patient before initiating neuromuscular blockade | Time management is crucial | Postintubation sedation and analgesia should be readily available

96
Q

Tadalfil (Cialis, Adcirca)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B

97
Q

Tetracaine Opthalmic Solution (Pontocaine)

A

Pregnancy safety: Not classified | Each bottle is for single-patient use | Instruct the patient not to rub, touch, or wipe the affected eye for as long as 20 minutes after use

98
Q

Thaimine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category A

99
Q

Tranexamic Acid (Cyklokapron, Lysteda)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category B | Must be mixed into an infusion bag, typically 100 mL of NS

100
Q

Vecuronium Bromide (Norcuron)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Vecuronium does not provide sedation or analgesia and will not stop neuronal seizure activity | If the patient is conscious, explain the effect of the medication before administering it | Always sedate the patient before administration | Intubation and ventilatory support must be readily available | Doses should be calculated based on ideal body weight | Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid-type adverse reactions, including fatalities, have been reported in association with neuromuscular blocker use

101
Q

Verapamil Hydrochloride (Isoptin, Calan)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Carefully monitor BP, heart rate, and ECG before, during, and after administration | AV block or asystole may occur because of slowed AV conduction

102
Q

Ziprasidone (Geodon)

A

Pregnancy safety: Category C | Monitor the QT interval with a 12-lead ECG if feasible | Document the QT interval and relay the findings to the receiving facility staff

pharmacology (9 decks)

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