Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pharmacology > Medications & Dosages > Flashcards

Medications & Dosages Flashcards

1
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Adult. Give 15 mg/kg orally; Maximum dose is 1 g | Paediatric. Fibrile Siezures: Give 15 mg/kg; Maximum dose is 650 mg; orally/PR/IV/IO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

AcetaZOLAMIDE (Diamox, Diamox Sequels)

A

Adult. Tx of Acute Mountain Sickness: 250mg orally every 12 hours is recommended | Paediatric. Tx of Acute Mountain Sickness: 2.5mg/kg orally every 12 hours (max dose 250mg/dose) is recommended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Acetic Acid (Vinegar)

A

Adult and Paediatrics. Position the patient on the side with the affected ear uppermost; Instill 4 to 6 drops into the external ear, and repeat every 2 to 3 hours | For jellyfish stings outside the US, rinse the area with vinegar for 30 seconds to limit the discharge of unfired nematocysts remaining on the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote)

A

Adult and Paediatrics. Acetaminophen OD: Loading dose 150 mg/kg IV, mix in 200 mL of D5W and infuse over 1 hour; then 50 mg/kg IV in 500 mL of D5W and infuse over 4 hours | If IV access is not available, give 140 mg/kg orally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Activated charcoal

A

Adult and Paediatric older than 1 year. 25 to 100 g | Paediatric younger than 1 year. 1 g/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard)

A

Adult. 6-mg rapid IV/IO bolus over 1 to 3 second followed by a 10-mL saline flush; Additional 12-mg dose if needed after 1 to 2 minutes over the same time frame; Maximum total dosage is 30 mg | Paediatric . Initial dose 0.1 mg/kg (max first dose of 6mg) rapid IV/IO push over 1 to 3 seconds followed by a 5- to 10-mL saline flush; Second dose 0.2 mg/kg (max second dose of 12mg) rapid IV/IO push followed by a 5- to 10-mL saline flush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Albumin (Albumarc, Albutein, Flexbumin)

A

Dose rate adjust to pt needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Albuterol

A

Adult. Respiratory distress: 2.5 to 5 mg via nebulizer or 1 to 2 inhalations (90 to 180 mcg) by MDI ; Respiratory distress with signs of bronchospasm: 5 mg via nebulizer or 6 puffs via MDI ; Hyperkalemia: 5 mg via nebulizer| Paediatric. Mild to moderate asthma, anaphylaxis, hyperkalemia: 4 to 8 puffs with MDI every 20 minutes with a spacer ; Weighs less than 20 kg (2.5 mg/dose via nebulizer) or more than 20 kg (5 mg/dose via nebulizer) ; Respiratory distress with signs of bronchospasm: 5 mg via nebulizer or 6 puffs via MDI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)

A

Adult. Initial dose 300 mg IV/IO push ; Second dose 150 mg IV/IO push ; Loading dose 150 mg IV/IO over 10 minutes ; Max cumulative dose of 2.2 g IV/IO per 24 hours | Paediatric. Refractory VF/pulseless VT: 5 mg/kg IV/IO bolus ; can repeat if needed to max cumulative dose of 15mg/kg IV per 24 hours (2.2g in adolescents per 24 hours) ; Max single dose of 300mg. Poor perfusing ventricular or atrial sysrhythmias: loading dose 5mg/kg IV/IO over 20 to 60 minutes (max single dose of 300mg) ; can repeat if needed to max cumulative dose of 15mg/kg IV per 24 hours (2.2g in adolescents per 24 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

A

Adult. 162 mg to 325 mg orally (chewable) | Paediatric. Not recommended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Atropine sulfate

A

Adult. Symptomatic bradycardia: 0.5 to 1 mg IV/IO every 3 to 5 minutes as needed (maximum of 3 mg) ; Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning: Extremely large doses (2 to 4mg or higher) may be needed | Paediatric. Symptomatic bradycardia: 0.02 mg/kg IV/IO; max single dose 0.5mg; total max dosing of 1 mg (child) and 3 mg (adolescent) ; ET dose. 0.04 to 0.06 mg/kg | Child Younger Than 12. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning: 0.05 mg/kg initially, then repeat and double the dose every 5 minutes until muscarinic sxs reverse | Child Older Than 12. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning: 1mg initially, then repeat and double the dose every 5 minutes until muscarinic sxs reverse | Paediatric RSI. IV/IO: 0.01 to 0.02 mg/kg (max dose of 0.5 mg) ; IM. 0.02 mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Benzocaine Spray (Hurricane)

A

Adult. 0.5- to 1-second spray; Repeat as needed | Paediatric. 0.25- to 0.5-second spray; Repeat as needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

A

Adult. 0.5 to 1 mg IV slowly over 1 to 2 minutes or IM | Paediatric. Not recommended for children younger than 12 years due to limited research; consult Medical Command

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Calcium chloride

A

Adult. Calcium channel blocker OD and Hyperkalemia: 500 to 1,000 mg slow IV/IO push over 5 minutes; repeat if needed | Paediatric. Calcium channel blocker OD, Hypocalcemia, and Hyperkalemia: 20 mg/kg slow IV/IO push; Maximum dose: 1 g (10 mL); May repeat the dose if documented or suspected clinical indication persists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Calcium gluconate

A

Adult. Calcium channel blocker OD and Hyperkalemia: 1.5 to 3 g (15 to 30 mL of 10% solution) slow IV/IO push over 5 minutes | Paediatric. Calcium channel blocker OD, Hypocalcemia, and Hyperkalemia: 60 mg/kg slow IV/IO push over 10 minutes; May repeat the dose if documented or suspected clinical indication persists | Adults and Paediatrics. Hydrofluoric Acid Burn Management: Apply generous amounts of topical gel to the exposed burned skin area, and leav in place for at least 20 minutes; reasses after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

Adult. 400 mg orally four times daily; Maximum is 1,200 mg/day | Paediatric. Use is NOT recommended; 20 to 40 mg/kg per day in divided doses; maximum is 40mg/kg perday for most indications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hetastarch (Hespan)

A

Titrate according to the patient’s physiologic response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Plasma Protein Fraction (Plasmanate)

A

Titrate according to the patient’s hemodynamic response | In the management of shock secondary to burns, the physician’s orders regarding the administration rate must be closely followed | The medical control physician uses standard formulas to determine the correct rate of IV administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)

A

Infusion rate will depend on the specific situation being treated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

0.45% Sodium Chloride

A

The specific situation and patient condition will dictate the rate at which one-half normal saline is administered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lactated Ringer Solution (Hartmann Solution)

A

Hypovolemic shock: titrate according to the patient’s physiologic response | Hypoperfusion: 20 mL/kg IV/IO over 15 minutes; repeat as needed for ongoing hypoperfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3% Sodium Chloride (Hypertonic Saline)

A

Infusion rate will depend on the specific situation being treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5% Dextrose in 0.45% Sodium Chloride

A

Infusion rate will depend on the specific situation being treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

5% Dextrose in 0.9% Sodium Chloride

A

Infusion rate will depend on the specific situation being treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer Solution

A

Infusion rate will depend on the specific situation being treated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Total Parenteral Nutrition

A

Vary based on the specific mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron)

A

Adult. AMS tx: Give 4 mg IM, IV, or orally every 6 hours, until sxs resolve ; HACE: 8 mg IM, IV, or orally, followed by 4 mg IM, IV, or orally every 6 hours, until sxs resolve ; Bronchospasm: 0.6 mg/kg IM, IV, or orally (16 mg maximum) | Paediatric. AMS and HACE tx: 0.15 mg/kg IM, IV, or orally every 6 hours (4 mg/dose maximum) ; croup tx: 0.6 mg/kg orally, IM, IV, or IO given once (16 mg maximum) ; asthma tx: 0.6 mg/kg IM, IV, or IO every 24 hours (16 mg maximum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Dextran

A

Titrate according to the patient’s physiologic response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bacteriostatic Water

A

According to the drug manufacturer’s recommendations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

5% Dextrose in Water

A

Usually administered through a minidrip (60 drops/mL) set at a TKO (to keep open) rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

10% Dextrose in Water

A

Infusion rate is usually dependent on the patient’s condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Dextrose

A

Adult. 25 g of D10W to D50W IV ; May be repeated as necessary mental status improved or maximum field dosage is reached | Paediatric. 0.5 to 1 g/kg of D10W to D25W slow IV/IO push ; May be repeated as necessary mental status improved or maximum field dosage is reached | Neonates and infants. 0.2 g/kg, followed by 5 mL/kg/h D10W IV/IO infusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Diazepam (Valium, Diastate, AcuDial)

A

Adult. shivering associated w/ hyperthermia/heat-exposure: 2 mg IV/IO; may repeat once in 5 minutes ; Chemical restrain: 5 mg IV or 10 mg IM | Paediatric. Seizure activity: 0.1 mg/kg slow IV or IO (4 mg maximum) ; shivering associated w/ hyperthermia/heat-exposure: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO (2.5 mg maximum single dose) - may repeate once for total max dose of 5mg IV/IO or 0.5mg/kg PR (max single dose of 10mg) - other repeats noted for PR only ; Chemical restrain: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV (5 mg maximum) or 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg IM (10 mg maximum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

A

(not listed per textbook)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Diltiaz)

A

Adult. Initial dose: 15 to 20 mg (0.25 mg/kg) IV/IO slowly over 2 minutes ; After 15 minutes: a second bolus of 20 to 25 mg (0.35 mg/kg) IV/IO can be given slowly over 2 minutes ; Patients older than age 65: require a maximum initial dose of 10 mg IV/IO and second dose of 20 mg IV/IO ; Maintenance infusion: 5 to 15 mg/h titrated to a physiologically appropriate heart rate | Paediatric. Not recommended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

DiphenhydrAMINE HCl (Benadryl)

A

Adult. Urticaria or pruritus, anaphylaxis, or allergic reaction: 1 mg/kg up to maximum 50-mg dose IM, IV, or orally - IV prefered for shock ; Antiemetic: 12.5 to 25 mg IV/IM or orally ; Dystonic/extrapyramidal symptoms: 25 to 50 mg IV/IM | Paediatric. Urticaria or pruritus, anaphylaxis, or allergic reaction: 1 mg/kg up to maximum 50-mg dose IM, IV, or orally ; Antiemetic w/ Older than age 2 and weight greater than 12 kg: 0.1 mg/kg IV (maximum: 25 mg) ; Dystonic/extrapyramidal symptoms: Give 1 to 1.25 mg/kg IV/IO or IM (25 mg maximum single dose) ; Chemical restraint: Give 1 mg/kg IM/IV or orally (25 mg maximum dose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

DOBUTamine Hydrochloride (Dobutrex)

A

Adult. IV infusion at 2 to 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to desired effect | Paediatric. IV infusion at 2 to 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to desired effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

DOPamine Hydrochloride (Intropin)

A

Adult. IV/IO infusion at 5 to 20 mcg/kg/min, slowly titrated to patient response | Paediatric. Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Droperidol (Inaspine)

A

Adult. Chemical restraint: 2.5 mg slow IV or 5 mg IM | Paediatric. Not routinely recommended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

EPINEPHrine

A

Adult. Anaphylaxis: 0.3 mg IM in the anterolateral thigh ; Additional epinephrine can be administered every 5 to 15 minutes ; If wheezing is present: give nebulized albuterol and/or 5 mL of 1 mg/mL epinephrine nebulized ; If stridor is present: consider 5 mL of 1 mg/mL epinephrine nebulized ; Severe bronchoconstriction with impending respiratory failure: 0.01 mg/kg of 1 mg/mL IM (0.3 maximum) ; (An epinephrine IV infusion can be given when cardiovascular collapse is present) ; Profound bradycardia with signs of hemodynamic instability: IV/IO infusion of 0.02 to 0.2 mcg/kg/min titrated to a mean arterial pressure greater than 65 mm Hg or IV/IO push dose 10 to 20 mcg boluses every 2 minutes titrated to a mean arterial pressure greater than 65 mm Hg ; Shock unresponsive to IV fluids, or cardiogenic shock with signs of fluid overload: IV/IO infusion 0.05 to 0.3 mcg/kg/min ; Cardiac arrest: Give 1 mg (0.1 mg/mL) IV/IO every 3 to 5 minutes during resuscitation. Follow each dose with a 20-mL flush and elevate arm for 10 to 20 seconds after dose ; ET: 2 to 2.5 mg diluted in 10 mL NS | Paediatric. Anaphylaxis: (If weight is less than 25 kg) give 0.15 mg IM in the anterolateral thigh, (if weight is 25 kg or more) give 0.3 mg IM in the anterolateral thigh ; Additional epinephrine can be administered every 5 to 15 minutes ; If wheezing is present: give nebulized albuterol and/or 5 mL of 1 mg/mL epinephrine nebulized ; If stridor is present: consider 5 mL of 1 mg/mL epinephrine nebulized ; (An epinephrine IV infusion can be given when cardiovascular collapse is present) ; Profound bradycardia with signs of hemodynamic instability: IV/IO infusion of 0.01 mg/kg every 3 to 5 minutes (10 mcg maximum) ; Cardiac arrest: Give 0.01 mg/kg (0.1 mg/mL) IV/IO every 3 to 5 minutes during arrest (1 mg maximum) ; ET: 0.1 mg/kg (1mg/mL) IV/IO every 3 to 5 minutes during arrest (1 mg maximum dose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Etomidate (Amidate)

A

Adult. Procedural sedation: 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg IV over 30 to 60 seconds (typical adult dose of 20mg) | Paediatric. Procedural sedation: 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg IV/IO over 30 to 60 seconds (maximum 20 mg/dose)

42
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

Adult. 20 mg IV, 20 mg orally twice daily | Paediatric. 0.25 mg/kg/dose every 12 hours IV (20 mg/dose maximum) ; 0.5 mg/kg orally (40 mg/dose maximum)

43
Q

FentanNYL Citrate (Sublimaze)

A

Adult. Severe respiratory distress: 25 mcg mixed in 2 mL saline nebulized ; Moderate discomfort: 1 mcg/kg IM/IN (Maximum initial dose: 100 mcg; maximum total dose: 200 mcg) ; Severe to excruciating discomfort: 1 mcg/kg IV/IO (Maximum initial dose: 100 mcg; maximum total dose: 200 mcg) | Paediatric. Moderate discomfort: 1 mcg/kg IM/IN (Maximum initial dose: 100 mcg; maximum total dose: 200 mcg) ; Severe to excruciating discomfort: 1 mcg/kg IV/IO (Maximum initial dose: 100 mcg; maximum total dose: 200 mcg)

44
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

A

(not listed per textbook)

45
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen)

A

Adult. Hypoglycemia: 1 mg IM/IN; repeat dose until symptoms have resolved ; Calcium channel blocker or beta blocker overdose: 5 mg slowly via IV push - repeat in 5 to 10 minutes for total dose of 10mg | Paediatric. Hypoglycemia: 1 mg IM/IN (≥ 20 kg or 5 years) otherwise 0.5 mg ; Calcium channel blocker or beta blocker overdose: 1 mg (25 to 40 kg) or 0.5 mg (less than 25 kg) slowly via IV push every 5 minutes

46
Q

Glucose, oral

A

Adult. 25 g orally | Paediatric. 0.5 to 1 g/kg orally (max dose fo 25g)

47
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

A

(Limited data aviable; no optimal dose established) Adult. Chemical restraint: 5 mg IV or 10 mg IM ; Anxiety: 5 mg IV | Paediatric. Chemical restraint, Ages 6 to 12 years: 1 to 3 mg IM (0.15 mg/kg maximum)

48
Q

Helium Gas Mixture (Heliox)

A

Adult and Paediatrics. Normoxic patients: 80% helium and 20% oxygen ; Hypoxemic patients: 70% helium and 30% oxygen or 60% helium and 40% oxygen | Helium/oxygen mixture fills a reservoir bag before attaching the nonrebreathing mask to the pt, and ensure the reservoir never collapses by more than 1/3 during inspiration - if it does than increase the flow

49
Q

HydrALAZINE (Apresoline)

A

Adult. 5 mg IV; may repeat 10 mg after 20 minutes if indcation persists (goal to decrease MAP by 20%-25%) | Paediatric. Not usually indicated in the prehospital setting

50
Q

Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Colu-Cortef)

A

Adult. 2 mg/kg IV/IM (100 mg maximum) - IM prefered | Paediatric. Consult medical direction

51
Q

HYRDROmorphone (Dilaudid)

A

Adult and Paediatrics. 0.015 mg/kg IM, IV, or IO ; Maximum initial dose: 2 mg ; Maximum cumulative dose: 4 mg

52
Q

Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit)

A

Each 5 g vial must be reconstituted with 200 mL of lactated Ringer solution, NS, or D5W | Adult. 5 g administered over 15 minutes at a rate of 10 to 15 mL/min ; Maximum single dose: 5 g | Paediatric. 70 mg/kg IV at a rate of 10 to 15 mL/min ; Maximum single dose: 5 g

53
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

A

Adult. Give 10 mg/kg orally for patients older than 6 months (max dose: 800mg) | Paediatric. Febrile seizures: 10 mg/kg orally, if able to swallow (max dose: 600mg)

54
Q

Insulin

A

(not listed per textbook)

55
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

A

Adult and Paediatrics. 0.5 mg nebulized, Up to three doses, In conjunction with albuterol

56
Q

Isopropyl Alcohol

A

Adult. Allow the patient to inhale the vapor from an isopropyl alcohol wipe three times every 15 minutes as tolerated | Paediatric. Consult medical direction regarding use in this patient population

57
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

A

Adult. Procedural sedation: Give 1 to 2 mg/kg IV push over 1 to 2 minutes ; Moderate pain control: 0.5 mg/kg IN (maximum initial dose: 55 mg; maximum total dose: 100 mg) ; Severe to excruciating pain control: 0.25 mg/kg IM/IV/IO (maximum initial dose: 25 mg; maximum total dose: 100 mg) ; Chemical restraint: 2 mg/kg IV or 4 mg/kg IM | Paediatric. Procedural sedation: 1 to 2 mg/kg IV/IO push over 1 to 2 minutes ; Chemical restraint: 1 mg/kg IV or 3 mg/kg IM

58
Q

Ketorolac Tromethamine (Toradol)

A

(One-time dose only) Adult. Moderate discomfort: 30 mg IM in adults who are not pregnant ; Severe to excruciating discomfort: 15 mg IV in adults who are not pregnant | Geriatric. Moderate discomfort: 1 mg/kg IM (maximum dose: 30 mg) | Paediatric (2 - 16 years old). Moderate discomfort: 1 mg/kg IM (maximum dose: 30 mg) ; Severe to excruciating discomfort: 0.5 mg/kg IV (maximum dose: 15 mg) ; Febrile seizures: 1 mg/kg IV (maximum dose: 15 mg) if unable to swallow

59
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

A

Adult. 1.25 mg in 3 mL NS administered by nebulizer over 5 to 15 minutes and repeated as necessary | Paediatric. 0.63 to 1.25 mg in 3 mL NS administered by nebulizer over 5 to 15 and repeated as necessary

60
Q

Lidocaine HCl (Xylocaine)

A

Adult. Cardiac arrest (pulseless VT/VF): Initial does: 1 to 1.5 mg/kg IV/IO. Repeat dose: 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg IV/IO repeated in 5 to 10 minutes. Maximum total dose: 3 mg/k. Maintenance infusion: 1 to 4 mg/min ; Stable VT and stable regular wide-complex tachycardia: Initial does: 1 to 1.5 mg/kg IV/IO. Repeat dose: 0.5 to 0.75 mg/kg IV/IO repeated in 5 to 10 minutes. Maximum total dose: 3 mg/kg. Maintenance infusion: 1 to 4 mg/min ; Local anesthetic dose varies depending on the procedure and anatomic location. If IO on a conscious pt, consider 0.5 mg/kg of lidocaine 0.1 mg/mL slow push through the IO to max of 40mg to mitigate pain of IO med administration| Paediatric. IV/IO dose: 1 mg/kg IV/IO push ; Maintenance IV/IO infusion: 20 to 50 mcg/kg/mins. Repeat bolus dose if infusion started more than 15 minutes after initial bolus dose ; ET dose: 2 to 3 mg/kg ; RSI: 1 to 2 mg/kg IV/IO ; Local anesthetic dose varies depending on the procedure and anatomic location

61
Q

LORazepam (Ativan)

A

(When given IV/IO, must be diluted with an equal volume of sterile water or sterile saline) Adult. Anxiety/sedation: 0.1 mg/kg IV slowly over 2 minutes (maximum single dose: 4 mg). 4 mg IM ; Shivering associated with hyperthermia/heat exposure: 1 mg IV/IO, may repeat once in 5 minutes. or 2 mg IM, may repeat once in 10 minutes ; Chemical restraint: 2 mg IV or 4 mg IM | Paediatric. Seizures: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO slowly over 2 minutes (maximum single dose: 4 mg) ; Shivering associated with hypothermia/heat exposure: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IM/IO (maximum single dose: 1 mg) ; Chemical restraint: 0.05 mg/kg IV (maximum dose: 2 mg) or 0.05 mg/kg IM (maximum dose: 4 mg)

62
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

Adult. Severe hypertension lasting more than 15 minutes with associated preeclampsia symptoms: Give 4 g of a 20% solution IV/IO over 20 minutes, followed by 1 g/h IV/IO, if available ; Seizure activity associated with pregnancy greater than 20 weeks’ gestation: Give 4 g of a 50% solution IV/IO over 10 to 20 minutes, followed by 1 g/h IV/IO, if available ; Cardiac arrest due to hypomagnesemia or TdP: Give 1 to 2 g IV/IO ; TdP with pulse or AMI with hypomagnesemia: Loading dose of 1 to 2 g in 50 to 100 mL of D5W or NS over 5 to 60 minutes IV. Follow with 0.5 to 1 g/h IV ; Status asthmaticus: 1 to 2 g IV over 15 to 30 minutes ; Severe bronchoconstriction/impending respiratory failure: 40 mg/kg IV over 10 to 15 minutes (2 g maximum) | Paediatric. Pulseless VT with TdP: 25 to 50 mg/kg IV/IO bolus of a 50% solution (2 g maximum) ; TdP with pulses or hypomagnesemia: 25 to 50 mg/kg IV/IO of a 50% solution over 10 to 20 minutes (2 g maximum) ; Status asthmaticus: 25 to 50 mg/kg IV/IO of a 50% solution over 15 to 30 minutes (2 g maximum)

63
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol)

A

Adult. Give 0.5 to 1 g/kg IV infusion over 5 to 10 minutes through an in-line filter ; Additional doses of 0.25 to 2 g/kg can be given every 4 to 6 hours as needed | Paediatric. Consult medical direction

64
Q

Meperidine Hydrochloride (Demerol)

A

Adult. 50 to 100 mg IM ; 25 to 50 mg slowly IV/IO | Paediatric. Not recommended

65
Q

MethylPREDNISolone Sodium Succinate (Solu-Medrol)

A

Adult. Bronchospasm: 2 mg/kg IV/IO/IM (maximum dose: 125 mg) ; Shock with history of adrenal insufficiency or long-term steroid dependence: 2 mg/kg IV (maximum dose: 125 mg) | Paediatric. For status asthmaticus, anaphylaxis: 2 mg/kg IV/IO/IM loading dose (maximum dose: 60 mg) ; Maintenance dose: 0.5 mg/kg IV every 6 hours or 1 mg/kg IV every 12 hours up to 120 mg/day

66
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Adult. 10 mg IV/IM | Paediatric. Older than age 2 and weight greater than 12 kg: 0.1 mg/kg IM or 0.1 mg/kg ; May repeat once in 20 to 30 minutes if no relief ; Maximum 10 mg/dose IV

67
Q

Midazolam Hydrochloride (Versed)

A

Adult. Shivering associated with hyperthermia/heat exposure: 2.5 mg IV/IN/IO, may repeat once in 5 minutes. or 5 mg IM, may repeat once in 10 minutes ; Seizures: If vascular access is available, 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO slowly over 2 minutes (maximum single dose: 4 mg). if access is not available, 0.2 mg/kg (maximum: 10 mg) IM or IN ; Chemical restraint: 5 mg IV, IM, or IN ; Severe respiratory distress: 2 to 5 mg IV ; Procedural sedation: 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg IV (maximum single dose: 10 mg) ; Poisoning/overdose care: 0.1 mg/kg in 2-mg increments via slow IV push over 1 to 2 minutes (maximum single dose: 5 mg) | Paediatric. Shivering associated with hyperthermia/heat exposure: 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO or 0.2 mg/kg IN/IM (maximum single dose: 1 mg). A 5 mg/mL concentration is recommended for IN/IM administration ; Seizures: If vascular access is available, 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO slowly over 2 minutes (maximum single dose: 4 mg). if access is not available, 0.2 mg/kg (maximum: 10 mg) IM or IN ; Chemical restraint: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV, or 0.1 to 0.15 mg/kg IM, or 0.3 mg/kg IN (maximum dose: 5 mg) ; Poisoning/overdose care: 0.1 mg/kg in 2-mg increments via slow IV push over 1 to 2 minutes (maximum single dose: 5 mg) or 0.2 mg/kg IN (maximum single dose: 4 mg)

68
Q

Milrinone (Primacor)

A

Consult medical direction or follow the dosing ordered by the sending physician

69
Q

Morphine sulfate (Roxanol, MS Contin)

A

Adult. Moderate discomfort: 0.1 mg/kg IM (maximum dose: 15 mg) ; Severe to excruciating discomfort: 0.1 mg/kg slow IV/IO (maximum dose: 10 mg) ; STEMI: Initial dose: 2 to 4 mg slow IV (over 1 to 5 minutes) Repeat dose: 2 to 8 mg at 5- to 15-minute intervals ; NSTEMI/unstable angina: 1 to 5 mg slow IV push only if symptoms are not relieved by nitrates, provided additional therapy is used to manage the underlying ischemia| Paediatric. 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg per dose IV/IO/IM (maximum dose: 5 mg)

70
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan, EVZIO)

A

Adult. Initial dose 0.4 to 2 mg IV/IO/IM/ET tube or up to a dose of 4 mg IN | Paediatric. Initial dose 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO/IM/IN/ET tube ; Maximum dose: 2 mg IV/IM/ET tube or 4 mg IN

71
Q

NIFEdipine (Procardia, Adalat, Nifedical)

A

Adult. HAPE prevention and treatment: 30 mg of the extended-release preparation orally every 12 hours or 20 mg of the extended-release preparation orally every 8 hours ; Pregnancy-induced hypertension: 10 mg orally and may repeat 10 to 20 mg orally every 20 minutes, twice, for persistent, severe hypertension with preeclampsia symptoms. Goal is to reduce MAP by 20% to 25%. | Paediatric. Data are unavailable

72
Q

Nitroglycerin (NGT)

A

Adult. SL: 0.3 to 0.4 mg; may repeat in 3 to 5 minutes to a maximum of 3 doses ; Spray: 1 or 2 sprays; may repeat in 3 to 5 minutes to a maximum of 3 doses ; NTG IV: 12.5 to 25 mcg bolus (if no SL or spray is given), then begin 10 mcg/min infusion, increase by 10 mcg/min every 3 to 5 minutes until symptom response or desired effect (maximum dose: 200 mcg/min) | Paediatric. Not recommended

73
Q

Nitroprusside (Nitropress)

A

Consult medical direction or follow the dosing ordered by the sending physician

74
Q

Nitrous oxide 50:50 (Nitronox)

A

Adult and Paediatric. Self-administered ; Assess the patient’s ability to self-administer after the initial dose

75
Q

Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levophed, Levarterenol)

A

Adult. 0.1 to 0.5 mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion titrated to effect | Paediatric. Begin at 0.05 to 0.1 mcg/kg/min IV infusion ; Adjust rate to achieve desired change in BP and systemic perfusion ; Maximum infusion rate: 2 mcg/kg/min

76
Q

Ondansetron (Sandostatin)

A

Consult medical direction or follow the dosing ordered by the sending physician

77
Q

Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

A

Adult. Chemical restraint: 10 mg IM | Paediatric. Limited data are available for pediatric use ; Chemical restraint ages 6 to 11 years: 5 mg IM ; Chemical restraint ages 12 to 18 years: 10 mg IM

78
Q

Onansetron Hydrochloride (Zofran, Zuplenz)

A

Adult. Antiemetic: 4 mg IV/SL or orally or 4 mg SL of the orally disintegrating tablet formulation ; Vomiting associated with AMS: 4 mg IV, SL, or orally every 6 hours ; Stimulant poisoning/overdose: 8 mg slow IV over 2 to 5 minutes or 4 to 8 mg IM or 8 mg orally disintegrating tablet | Paediatric. Antiemetic for ages 6 months to 14 years: 0.15 mg/kg IV or orally ; Maximum dose: 4 mg

79
Q

Oxygen

A

Adult. Respiratory and cardiac arrest and carbon monoxide poisoning: 100% and then target an SpO2 of 92% to 98% ; If patient is not in respiratory or cardiac arrest: Target an SpO2 of 95% to 98% ; ACS: Target an SpO2 of 90% ; AMS, HACE, HAPE: Target an SpO2 higher than 90%| Paediatric. Respiratory and cardiac arrect: 100% and then target an SpO2 of 94% to 99%

80
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dristan 12-hours, Vicks Sinus-12hours)

A

Adult. 2 to 3 sprays in each nare | Paediatric. 1 to 2 sprays in each nare

81
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

A

Adult. IM administration: 10 units IM after delivery of placent ; IV/IO administration: Mix 10 to 40 units in 1,000 mL of a compatible IV solution infused at 10 to 15 drops/min, titrated to the severity of bleeding and uterine response | Paediatric. N/A

82
Q

Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon)

A

Adult. 0.06 to 0.1 mg/kg via slow IV initially, followed by incremental doses of 0.01 mg/kg at 25- to 60-minute intervals as needed to maintain muscle relaxation | Paediatric. Consult medical direction

83
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

A

Adult. Two sprays in the selected nare before nasotracheal tube insertion | Paediatric. N/A

84
Q

Potassium Iodide (Pima Syrup, SSKI, ThyroSafe, ThyroShield)

A

Consult medical direction

85
Q

Pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam)

A

Consult with medical direction | Dosage recommendations vary depending on the degree of exposure and patient age and weight | May be provided in a single-dose vial, prefilled syringes, or auto-injectors; Commercially available auto-injectors contain 600 mg

86
Q

Procainamide Hydrochloride (Pronestyl)

A

Adult. Recurrent VF/pulseless VT: 20 mg/min slow IV infusion until the dysrhythmia is suppressed ; Maximum total dose: 17 mg/kg ; In urgent situations: up to 40 mg/min may be administered, up to a total dose of 17 mg/kg ; Other indications: 20 mg/min slow IV infusion until dysrhythmia suppression, hypotension, QRS widens by more than 50% of its pretreatment width, or a maximum dose has been given ; Maintenance infusion: 1 to 4 mg/min (diluted in D5W or NS); In the presence of cardiac, hepatic, or renal dysfunction, reduce the maximum total dose to 12 mg/kg and the maintenance infusion to 1 to 2 mg/min | Paediatric. NOT recommended in the prehospital setting

87
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

A

Adult. 5 to 10 mg IV/IM | Paediatric. Older than age 2 years and weight greater than 12 kg: 0.1 mg/kg slow IV or deep IM ; Maximum dose: 10 mg

88
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan)

A

Adult. 12.5 to 25 mg deep IM | Paediatric. Older than age 2 years: 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg deep IM

89
Q

Proparacaine Opthalmic (Alcaine, Ophthaine)

A

Adult and Paediatric. 1 to 2 drops in the affected eye(s)

90
Q

Propofol (Diprivan)

A

Consult medical direction or follow the dosing ordered by the sending physician

91
Q

Rocuronium Bromide (Zemuron)

A

Adult. 0.6 to 1.2 mg/kg IV/IO | Paediatric. Older than 3 months: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/kg IV/IO

92
Q

Sildenafil (Revatio, Viagra)

A

Adult. HAPE prevention: Give 50 mg orally every 8 hours | Paediatric. Data unavailable

93
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Adult. 1 mEq/kg slow IV/IO push | Paediatric. 1 mEq/kg slow IV/IO push (4.2% concentration recommended for infants younger than 1 month) ; Consult medical direction for repeat dosing orders

94
Q

Sodium thiosulfate (Nithiodote)

A

Adult. 12.5 g (50 mL of 25% solution) IV/IO slow push over 10 minutes | Paediatric. 0.5 g/kg slow IV/IO (2 mL/kg of 25% solution)

95
Q

Succinylcholine Chloride (Anectine)

A

Adult. 1 to 1.5 mg/kg rapid IV | Paediatric. 1 to 1.5 mg/kg for children ; 2 mg/kg for infants

96
Q

Tadalfil (Cialis, Adcirca)

A

Adult. HAPE prevention: Give 10 mg orally twice daily | Paediatric. Date unavailable

97
Q

Tetracaine Opthalmic Solution (Pontocaine)

A

Adult and Paediatric. 1 to 2 drops in the affected eye(s)

98
Q

Thaimine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)

A

Adult. 100 mg as a very slow IV/IO bolus over 5 minutes or 100 mg deep IM | Paediatric. Consult medical direction

99
Q

Tranexamic Acid (Cyklokapron, Lysteda)

A

Adult. 1 g IV infusion over 10 minutes | Paediatric. Not recommended

100
Q

Vecuronium Bromide (Norcuron)

A

Adult. 0.08 to 0.1 mg/kg IV push over 1 minute ; Maintenance dose within 20 to 45 minutes: 0.01 to 0.015 mg/kg IV push every 12 to 15 minutes as needed to maintain muscle relaxation | Paediatric. 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg IV/IO

101
Q

Verapamil Hydrochloride (Isoptin, Calan)

A

Adult. 2.5 to 5 mg IV bolus over 2 minutes (3 minutes in older patients) ; Repeat dose of 5 to 10 mg may be given every 15 to 30 minutes to a maximum total dose of 20 mg ; Alternative dosing: 5 mg IV bolus every 15 minutes to a total dose of 30 mg | Paediatric. Consult medical direction

102
Q

Ziprasidone (Geodon)

A

Adult. Chemical restraint: 10 mg IM ; Anxiety (palliative care): 20 mg IM | Paediatric. Limited data available for pediatric use ; Chemical restraint for ages 6 to 11 years: 5 mg IM ; Chemical restraint for ages 12 to 18 years: 10 mg IM

pharmacology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions