Medications & Duration of Actions Flashcards
Acetaminophen
Onset: 10 to 30 minutes | Peak effect: 30 to 60 minutes | Duration: 4 to 6 hours
AcetaZOLAMIDE (Diamox, Diamox Sequels)
Onset: 1 to 1.5 hours | Peak effect: 2 to 4 hours | Duration: 4 to 12 hours
Acetic Acid (Vinegar)
Onset: 5 minutes | Peak effect: 45 to 90 minutes | Duration: 2 to 3 hours
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote)
Onset: 1 minute | Peak effect: 5 to 15 minutes | Duration: 100 minutes
Activated charcoal
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: Depends on GI function | Duration: Will act until excreted
Adenosine (Adenocard)
Onset: Seconds | Peak effect: Seconds | Duration: 10 seconds
Albumin (Albumarc, Albutein, Flexbumin)
Onset: 15 to 30 minutes | Peak effect: unknown | Duration: 24 hours
Albuterol
Onset: 5 to 15 minutes | Peak effect: 30 minutes to 2 hours | Duration: 3 to 6 hours
Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)
Onset: 2 hours | Peak effect: 3 to 7 hours | Duration: Variabled
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
Onset: 15 to 30 minutes | Peak effect: 1 to 2 hours | Duration: 4 to 6 hours
Atropine sulfate
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: 2 to 4 minutes | Duration: 2 to 4 hours
Benzocaine Spray (Hurricane)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: Less than 5 minutes | Duration: 15 to 20 minutes
Bumetanide (Bumex)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: 15 to 30 minutes | Duration: 3 to 6 hours
Calcium chloride
Onset: 1 to 3 minutes | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 20 to 30 minutes but may persist for 4 hours (dose-dependent)
Calcium gluconate
Onset: 1 to 3 minutes | Peak effect: Immediate | Duration: 30 minutes to 2 hours
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Onset: 60 minutes | Peak effect: 45 to 90 minutes | Duration: 4 to 5 hours
Hetastarch (Hespan)
Duration: 24 to 36 hours
Plasma Protein Fraction (Plasmanate)
Duration: 24 to 36 hours
0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)
Short-term therapy
0.45% Sodium Chloride
Short-term therapy
Lactated Ringer Solution (Hartmann Solution)
Short-term therapy
3% Sodium Chloride (Hypertonic Saline)
Onset: Rapid | Peak effect: Unknown | Duration: Unknown
5% Dextrose in 0.45% Sodium Chloride
Short-term therapy
5% Dextrose in 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Short-term therapy
5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer Solution
Short-term therapy
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Vary based on the specific mixture
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron)
Onset: 4 to 8 hours | Peak effect: 6 to 12 hours | Duration: 24 to 72 hours
Dextran
Duration: 8 to 12 hours
Bacteriostatic Water
N/A
5% Dextrose in Water
Short-term therapy
10% Dextrose in Water
Short-term therapy
Dextrose
Onset: Less than 1 minute | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: Variable
Diazepam (Valium, Diastate, AcuDial)
Onset: 2 to 5 minutes IV; 15 to 30 minutes IM | Peak effect: 15 minutes IV; 30 to 45 minutes IM | Duration: 15 to 60 minutes IV and IM
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
(not listed per textbook)
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Diltiaz)
Onset: 2 to 5 minutes | Peak effect: Usually within 7 minutes | Duration: 1 to 3 hours
DiphenhydrAMINE HCl (Benadryl)
Onset: 10 to 15 minutes | Peak effect: 1 hour | Duration: 6 to 8 hours
DOBUTamine Hydrochloride (Dobutrex)
Onset: 2 minutes | Peak effect: 10 minutes | Duration: 1 to 2 minutes after infusion discontinued
DOPamine Hydrochloride (Intropin)
Onset: Within 5 minutes | Peak effect: 5 to 10 minutes | Duration: Less than 10 minutes
Droperidol (Inaspine)
Onset: 3 to 10 minutes IV/IM | Peak effect: 30 minutes IV/IM | Duration: 2 to 4 hours IV/IM
EPINEPHrine
Onset: Less than 2 minutes IV ; 3 to 10 minutes IM | Peak effect: Less than 5 minutes IV ; 20 minutes IM | Duration: 5 to 10 minutes IV ; 20 to 30 minutes IM
Etomidate (Amidate)
Onset: 30 to 60 seconds | Peak effect: 1 minute | Duration: 5 to 10 minutes
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Onset: 60 minutes | Peak effect: 1 to 3 hours | Duration: 10 to 12 hours
FentanNYL Citrate (Sublimaze)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: 3 to 5 minutes | Duration: 30 to 60 minutes
Furosemide (Lasix)
(not listed per textbook)
Glucagon (GlucaGen)
Onset: 1 minute | Peak effect: 5 to 20 minutes | Duration: 60 to 90 minutes
Glucose, oral
Onset: 10 minutes | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: Variable
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Onset: 5 to 10 minutes IV ; 10 to 20 minutes IM | Peak effect: 30 to 45 minutes | Duration: Variable (generally 12 to 24 hours)
Helium Gas Mixture (Heliox)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: Minutes | Duration: Eliminated within a few breaths
HydrALAZINE (Apresoline)
Onset: 5 to 20 minutes | Peak effect: 10 to 80 minutes | Duration: 2 to 12 hours
Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Colu-Cortef)
Onset: 1 hour | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 8 to 12 hours
HYRDROmorphone (Dilaudid)
Onset: Variable IM ; 5 minutes IV ; 15 to 30 minutes oral | Peak effect: Variable IM ; 10 to 20 minutes IV ; 30 to 60 minutes oral | Duration: 2 to 3 hours
Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit)
Onset: Rapid | Peak effect: 8 to 10 minutes | Duration: Varies
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
Onset: 30 to 60 minutes | Peak effect: 1 to 2 hours | Duration: 6 to 8 hours
Insulin
(not listed per textbook)
Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)
Onset: 5 to 15 minutes | Peak effect: 1.5 to 2 hours | Duration: 4 to 6 hours
Isopropyl Alcohol
Onset: Within 10 minutes | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: Variable
Ketamine (Ketalar)
Onset: 30 seconds | Peak effect: 30 seconds to 5 minutes | Duration: 10 to 15 minutes
Ketorolac Tromethamine (Toradol)
Onset: 10 minutes | Peak effect: 1 to 2 hours | Duration: 2 to 6 hours
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
Onset: 5 to 15 minutes | Peak effect: 60 to 90 minutes | Duration: 6 to 8 hours
Lidocaine HCl (Xylocaine)
Onset: 1 to 5 minutes | Peak effect: 5 to 10 minutes | Duration: 10 to 20 minutes
LORazepam (Ativan)
Onset: 2 to 5 minutes IV ; 15 to 30 minutes IM | Peak effect: Less than 15 minutes IV ; 2 to 3 hours IM | Duration: 6 to 8 hours IV/IM
Magnesium sulfate
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 30 minutes
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Onset: 1 to 3 hours for diuretic effect ; 15 minutes for reduction of ICP | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 4 to 6 hours for diuretic effect ; 3 to 8 hours for reduction of ICP
Meperidine Hydrochloride (Demerol)
Onset: 10 to 15 minutes IM ; Within 1 minute IV | Peak effect: Within 60 minutes IM ; 5 to 7 minutes IV | Duration: 2 to 4 hours IV
MethylPREDNISolone Sodium Succinate (Solu-Medrol)
Onset: 1 to 2 hours | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 8 to 24 hours
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Onset: 1 to 3 minutes (IV), 30 to 60 minutes | Peak effect: Immediate (IV) | Duration: 1 to 2 hours
Midazolam Hydrochloride (Versed)
Onset: Immediate IV/IN ; 15 minute IM | Peak effect: 3 to 5 minutes IV/IN ; 30 to 60 minutes IM | Duration: Less than 2 hours IV/IN ; 1 to 6 hours IM
Milrinone (Primacor)
Onset: 5 to 15 minutes | Peak effect: Unknown | Duration: 3 to 6 hours
Morphine sulfate (Roxanol, MS Contin)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: 20 minutes | Duration: 2 to 4 hours
Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan, EVZIO)
Onset: Less than 2 minutes, IV ; 2 to 10 minutes IM/IN | Peak effect: Less than 2 minutes, IV ; 2 to 10 minutes IM/IN | Duration: 20 to 120 minutes, IV/IM/IN
NIFEdipine (Procardia, Adalat, Nifedical)
Onset: 15 to 30 minutes | Peak effect: 1 to 3 hours | Duration: 6 to 8 hours
Nitroglycerin (NGT)
Onset: 1 to 3 minutes | Peak effect: 5 to 10 minutes | Duration: 20 to 30 minutes SL ; 1 to 10 minutes after discontinuation of IV infusion
Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: Rapid | Duration: 1 to 10 minutes
Nitrous oxide 50:50 (Nitronox)
Onset: 2 to 5 minutes | Peak effect: 2 to 5 minutes | Duration: 2 to 5 minutes
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levophed, Levarterenol)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: Less than 1 minute | Duration: 1 to 2 minutes
Ondansetron (Sandostatin)
Onset: 30 minutes | Peak effect: 30 minutes | Duration: Up to 12 hours
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Onset: 15 to 30 minutes IM | Peak effect: 15 to 45 minutes IM | Duration: Variable
Onansetron Hydrochloride (Zofran, Zuplenz)
Onset: 30 minutes | Peak effect: 1.3 hours (oral) ; 10 minutes (IV) | Duration: 3 to 6 hours
Oxygen
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: N/A | Duration: Less than 2 minutes
Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dristan 12-hours, Vicks Sinus-12hours)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: 5 minutes | Duration: Up to 5 hours
Oxytocin (Pitocin)
Onset: 3 to 5 minutes IM ; Within 1 minute IV/IO | Peak effect: 40 minutes IM ; Unknown IV/IO | Duration: 2 to 3 hours IM ; 1 hour after IV/IO infusion is stopped
Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon)
Onset: 2 to 3 minutes | Peak effect: Paralysis in 4 minutes | Duration: 35 to 45 minutes
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
Onset: Seconds | Peak effect: 30 minutes | Duration: 30 minutes to 4 hours
Potassium Iodide (Pima Syrup, SSKI, ThyroSafe, ThyroShield)
Onset: Data unavailable | Peak effect: Data unavailable | Duration: About 24 hours
Pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam)
Onset: Minutes | Peak effect: 10 to 20 minutes IM ; 5 to 15 minutes IV | Duration: Variable
Procainamide Hydrochloride (Pronestyl)
Onset: 10 to 30 minutes | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 3 to 6 hours
Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
Onset: 10 to 20 minutes IM ; Rapid IV | Peak effect: 30 to 60 minutes IV | Duration: 3 to 4 hours IM/IV
Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan)
Onset: 20 minutes | Peak effect: 30 to 60 minutes | Duration: 4 to 6 hours
Proparacaine Opthalmic (Alcaine, Ophthaine)
Onset: 15 to 60 seconds | Peak effect: 30 to 120 second | Duration: 10 to 20 minutes
Propofol (Diprivan)
Onset: Less than 1 minute | Peak effect: 1 minute | Duration: As long as the infusion is running
Rocuronium Bromide (Zemuron)
Onset: 30 to 60 seconds | Peak effect: 1 to 3 minutes | Duration: 30 to 60 minutes
Sildenafil (Revatio, Viagra)
Onset: 20 minutes | Peak effect: 30 to 120 minutes | Duration: 4 hours
Sodium bicarbonate
Onset: Seconds | Peak effect: Less than 15 minutes | Duration: 1 to 2 hours
Sodium thiosulfate (Nithiodote)
Onset: 2 to 10 minutes | Peak effect: Varies | Duration: 30 minutes to 2 hours
Succinylcholine Chloride (Anectine)
Onset: 45 to 60 seconds | Peak effect: 1 to 3 minutes | Duration: 4 to 6 minutes
Tadalfil (Cialis, Adcirca)
Onset: 30 to 45 minutes | Peak effect: 2 hours | Duration: Up to 36 hours
Tetracaine Opthalmic Solution (Pontocaine)
Onset: Immediate | Peak effect: 15 to 30 seconds | Duration: 10 to 20 minutes
Thaimine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)
Onset: Hours | Peak effect: 3 to 5 days | Duration: Data unavailable
Tranexamic Acid (Cyklokapron, Lysteda)
Onset: Unknown | Peak effect: Unknown | Duration: 7 to 8 hours
Vecuronium Bromide (Norcuron)
Onset: 3 to 5 minutes | Peak effect: Varies | Duration: 20 to 35 minutes
Verapamil Hydrochloride (Isoptin, Calan)
Onset: 2 to 5 minutes | Peak effect: Variable | Duration: 10 to 20 minutes
Ziprasidone (Geodon)
Onset: 10 minutes IM | Peak effect: 60 minutes | Duration: Unknown