Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pharmacology > Medications & Drug Interactions > Flashcards

Medications & Drug Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Increased effect with caffeine | Decreased effect with antacids, anticholinergics, carbamazepine, phenytoin | Alcohol may increase hepatotoxicity risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

AcetaZOLAMIDE (Diamox, Diamox Sequels)

A

Increased risk of severe acidosis and CNS toxicity with high-dose aspirin | Use caution with diuretics and anticonvulsants | May potentiate the effects of hypoglycemics | Increased risk of renal calculus formation with sodium bicarbonate administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Acetic Acid (Vinegar)

A

N/A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote)

A

Nitroglycerin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Activated charcoal

A

Bonds with and inactivates whatever it is mixed with | Moderate interactions with acetylcysteine, citalopram, digoxin, dyphylline, methotrexate, and theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard)

A

Additive effects are possible if used in combination with beta blockers | Methylxanthines (like caffine and theophylline-like drugs) block the actions of adenosine | Dipyridamole (Persantine) potentiates the effect | Carbamazepine (Tegretol) may potentiate the AV node blocking effect | Nicotine can enhance the cardiovascular effects | An increase in angina-like chest discomfort or heart rate | A decrease in BP may be observed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Albumin (Albumarc, Albutein, Flexbumin)

A

N/A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Albuterol

A

Additive effects with TCAs, MAOIs, other sympathomimetics | Beta blockers may inhibit pulmonary effects | May potentiate hypokalemia caused by diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)

A

May increase the effects of digoxin, disopyramide, fentanyl, lidocaine, procainamide, quinidine, or warfarin | Cimetidine may increase amiodarone levels | Use with beta blockers or calcium channel blockers may potentiate bradycardia, sinus arrest, and AV blocks | Persistent use of echinacea can potentiate amiodarone’s hepatotoxic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

A

Increased risk of bleeding with anticoagulants and other NSAIDs | Diminished effects of ACE inhibitors and loop diuretics | Antacids reduce ASA absorption | Increased risk of hypoglycemia occurs with administration of oral hypoglycemic drugs | Effects are decreased by corticosteroids | Increased bleeding can occur when ASA is taken with certain herbs (ex: quai, feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, Korean ginseng, and saw plametto - because these herbs interfere w/ platelet aggregation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Atropine sulfate

A

Potential adverse effects when administered with digitalis, cholinergics, physostigmine | Effects enhanced by antihistamines, procainamide, quinidine, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Benzocaine Spray (Hurricane)

A

Rare and sometimes fatal cases of methemoglobinemia related to the topical or oromucosal benzocaine products | Nitrites and nitrates may induce methemoglobin formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

A

NSAIDs reduce the effects of diuretics | May increase risk of lithium poisoning | Antihypertensives can cause further hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Calcium chloride

A

May increase ventricular irritability and precipitate digitalis toxicity when taken with digoxin | Potentiated by thiazide diuretics | May antagonize the effects of calcium channel blockers | Incompatible with most all medications, so Flush the IV/IO line before and after its administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Calcium gluconate

A

May cause severe bradycardia in pts taking digitalis | May antagonize the effects of calcium channel blockers | Incompatible with most medications, so Flush the IV/IO line before and after its administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

Inhibition of specific liver enzymes may result in increased plasma levels of certain drugs, including: warfarin-type anticoagulants, TCAs, Class I antidysrhythmics, calcium channel blockers, diazepam, phenytoin, theophylline, propranolol, and metoprolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hetastarch (Hespan)

A

Should NOT be administered to patients who are receiving anticoagulants | Patients allergic to corn may be allergic to hetastarch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Plasma Protein Fraction (Plasmanate)

A

Solutions should NOT be mixed with or administered through the same administration sets as other IV fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)

A

Few in the emergency setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

0.45% Sodium Chloride

A

Few in the emergency setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lactated Ringer Solution (Hartmann Solution)

A

Few in the emergency setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3% Sodium Chloride (Hypertonic Saline)

A

None currently identified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5% Dextrose in 0.45% Sodium Chloride

A

Should NOT be used with phenytoin (Dilantin) or amrinone (Inocor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

5% Dextrose in 0.9% Sodium Chloride

A

Should NOT be used with phenytoin (Dilantin) or amrinone (Inocor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer Solution

A

Should NOT be used with phenytoin (Dilantin) or amrinone (Inocor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Total Parenteral Nutrition

A

Vary based on the specific mixture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron)

A

Simultaneous use with ASA and NSAIDs increases the risk of GI bleeding and ulceration | Hypokalemia when used concurrently with diuretics | Echinacea may reduce its effectiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Dextran

A

Should not be administered to patients receiving anticoagulants because it significantly slows blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bacteriostatic Water

A

N/A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

5% Dextrose in Water

A

Should NOT be used with phenytoin (Dilantin) or amrinone (Inocor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

10% Dextrose in Water

A

Should NOT be used with phenytoin (Dilantin) or amrinone (Inocor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Dextrose

A

Sodium bicarbonate | Warfarin (Coumadin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Diazepam (Valium, Diastate, AcuDial)

A

Incompatible with more drugs and fluids | Concomitant use with other CNS depressants may cause respiratory depression, hypotension, profound sedation, and death | when given orally, milk thistle may decrease diazepam effectiveness and grapefruit juice can significantly increase serum concentrations | motherwort can potentiate the sedative effects and may result in coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

A

Amiodarone, verapamil, and quinidine may increase serum digoxin concentrations | concurrent use of digoxin and verapamill may lead to severe AV block | Diuretics may potentiate cardiac toxicity | St. John’s wort can reduce the effects of digoxin effectiveness and licorice can potentiate its effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Diltiaz)

A

Use with caution in patients taking medications that affect cardiac contractility | Simultaneous use with IV beta blockers can result in decreased cardiac contractility, bradycardia (including AV blocks), and hypotension | Increased risk of sudden cardiac death when given concurrently with erythromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

DiphenhydrAMINE HCl (Benadryl)

A

Potentiates the effects of alcohol and other CNS depressants | MAOIs prolong and intensify anticholinergic (drying) effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

DOBUTamine Hydrochloride (Dobutrex)

A

Incompatible with sodium bicarbonate and furosemide | Beta blockers may blunt the inotropic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

DOPamine Hydrochloride (Intropin)

A

Inactivated in alkaline solutions (sodium bicarbonate) | MAOIs prolong and potentiate effects | TCAs may potentiate cardiovascular effects | Beta blockers antagonize cardiac effects | When administered with phenytoin, may cause hypotension, bradycardia, and seizures | Simultaneous use of vasopressor may result in severe hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Droperidol (Inaspine)

A

Potentiates CNS depressants | Reduces pressor effect of epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

EPINEPHrine

A

Potentiates other sympathomimetics | Deactivated by alkaline solutions | MAOIs and antidepressants may potentiate effects | Beta blockers may blunt effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Etomidate (Amidate)

A

Effects may be enhanced when given with other CNS depressants

42
Q

Famotidine (Pepcid)

A

Decreased absorption of iron | Decreased effects of ketoconazole, naproxen, pseudoephedrine | Increased action of metformin

43
Q

FentanNYL Citrate (Sublimaze)

A

Increased respiratory depressant effects when paired with other CNS depressants

44
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

A

Lithium toxicity may be potentiated by sodium depletion | Digitalis toxicity may be potentiated by potassium depletion

45
Q

Glucagon (GlucaGen)

A

Incompatible in solution with most other substances | No significant drug interactions with other emergency medications

46
Q

Glucose, oral

A

N/A

47
Q

Haloperidol (Haldol)

A

Enhanced CNS depression and hypotension in combination with alcohol | Additive effect with antihypertensive medications | Antagonizes amphetamines and epinephrine | Other CNS depressants may potentiate its effects

48
Q

Helium Gas Mixture (Heliox)

A

unknown

49
Q

HydrALAZINE (Apresoline)

A

MAOIs | Synergistic effects if given simultaneously with other antihypertensives | NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effects

50
Q

Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Colu-Cortef)

A

Simultaneous use with ASA and NSAIDs increases the risk of GI bleeding and ulceration | Concurrent use with diuretics increases potassium loss and can result in hypokalemia

51
Q

HYRDROmorphone (Dilaudid)

A

MAOIs | SSRIs | Concurrent use with other CNS depressants can induce severe respiratory and/or CNS depression

52
Q

Hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit)

A

Do not administer in the same IV line with diazepam, DOBUTamine, DOPamine, fentanyl, NTG, propofol, sodium nitrate, or sodium thiosulfate

53
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

A

Additive risk for bleeding if given in combination with other agents that affect hemostasis (ex: ASA and other antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, SSRIs, SNRIs, and other NSAIDS) | Alfalfa, anise, and bilberry may enhance adverse effects | May diminish the antihypertensive effect of HydrALAZINE | May diminish the diuretic effect of loop, thiazide, and thiazide-like diuretics | TCAs may enhance the NSAID antiplatelet effects | May increase bleeding time in patients taking anticoagulants

54
Q

Insulin

A

incompatible in solutions w/ all other drugs | Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants may increase insulin requirements | Some antibiotics may lower insulin requirements | Insulin dosing adjustments may be necessary if the pt is taking beta blockers | alcohol and salicylates may potentiate insulin effects

55
Q

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

A

Potential for additive anticholinergic effects when administered with other antimuscarinic or anticholinergic medications

56
Q

Isopropyl Alcohol

A

N/A

57
Q

Ketamine (Ketalar)

A

Ketamine may enhance the CNS depressant effects of alcohol, cannabis, opioids, barbiturates, and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers | St. John’s wort can reduce its effectiveness

58
Q

Ketorolac Tromethamine (Toradol)

A

May increase bleeding time in patients taking anticoagulants | TCAs may enhance the NSAID antiplatelet effects

59
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

A

Increased actions of bronchodilators, TCAs, MAOIs, and other adrenergic drugs | Increased risk of QT prolongation when administered with other QT-prolonging drugs

60
Q

Lidocaine HCl (Xylocaine)

A

Apnea induced with succinylcholine may be prolonged by high doses of lidocaine | Cardiac depression may occur in conjunction with administration of IV phenytoin | Procainamide may exacerbate the CNS effects | Metabolic clearance is decreased in patients with liver disease and patients taking beta blockers

61
Q

LORazepam (Ativan)

A

Concomitant use with other CNS depressants may cause respiratory depression, hypotension, profound sedation, and death | Individuals taking passionflower or St. John’s wort may experience hand tremors, dizziness, and muscular fatigue | Motherwort can potentiate the sedative effects and may result in coma

62
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

May enhance the effects of other CNS depressants | Serious changes in overall cardiac function may occur with cardiac glycosides

63
Q

Mannitol (Osmitrol)

A

Many | May precipitate digitalism toxicity when given concurrently | Avoid use of other diuretics in combination, if possible | Concomitant administration may potentiate renal toxicity | Avoid use with salicylates and NSAIDs | Use with nitrates can cause hypotension

64
Q

Meperidine Hydrochloride (Demerol)

A

Additive CNS depression with TCAs, alcohol, or other CNS depressants

65
Q

MethylPREDNISolone Sodium Succinate (Solu-Medrol)

A

Hypoglycemic responses to insulin and hypoglycemic agents may be blunted

66
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Increased sedation risk when used with CNS depressants, antihistamines, anticholinergics, MAOIs | May decrease the effects of dopamine agonists | Can increase the rate or extent of ASA absorption because of accelerated gastric emptying

67
Q

Midazolam Hydrochloride (Versed)

A

Concomitant use with other CNS depressant may cause respiratory depression, hypotension, profound sedation, and death | Motherwort can potentiate midazolam’s sedative effects and may result in coma | St. John’s wort and green tea can reduce its effectiveness | Mango and grapefruit juice may potentiate its effects

68
Q

Milrinone (Primacor)

A

Synergistic with catecholamines

69
Q

Morphine sulfate (Roxanol, MS Contin)

A

Additive effects with other CNS depressants | MAOIs may cause paradoxical excitation

70
Q

Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan, EVZIO)

A

Incompatible with bisulfite and alkaline solutions

71
Q

NIFEdipine (Procardia, Adalat, Nifedical)

A

Beta blockers may potentiate NIFEdipine’s effects | Effects of theophylline may be increased | Antihypertensives may potentiate the hypotensive effects

72
Q

Nitroglycerin (NGT)

A

Increased hypotensive effect with alcohol, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, antihypertensives, benzodiazepines, phenothiazines, and other vasodilators | Incompatible with other drugs given IV | Hawthorn increases NTG levels

73
Q

Nitroprusside (Nitropress)

A

Additive effects with ganglionic blocking agents, General anesthetics, Other antihypertensives, and Sympathomimetics

74
Q

Nitrous oxide 50:50 (Nitronox)

A

Can potentiate the effects of CNS depressants

75
Q

Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levophed, Levarterenol)

A

TCAs can markedly increase response to pressors | Concomitant use of sympathomimetics may result in additive cardiovascular effects | Alpha adrenergic effects can be blocked during concurrent administration of phenothiazines | Inactivated by alkaline solutions

76
Q

Ondansetron (Sandostatin)

A

Decreases cycloSPORINE levels

77
Q

Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

A

Additive effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants | Concurrent use of IM/IV benzodiazepines and olanzapine IM is NOT recommended | Ginkgo may potentiate effects

78
Q

Onansetron Hydrochloride (Zofran, Zuplenz)

A

Avoid administration with other drugs that prolong the QT interval | Serotonin syndrome can occur with simultaneous use of several drugs (ex: fentanyl and morphine)

79
Q

Oxygen

A

N/A

80
Q

Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Dristan 12-hours, Vicks Sinus-12hours)

A

May diminish the vasoconstricting effects of alpha-1 agonists | May enhance the hypertensive effects of sympathomimetics

81
Q

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

A

Can cause severe, persistent hypertension if administered with vasopressors | Synergistic effect with black cohosh, cotton root, squaw vine, and cinnamon

82
Q

Pancuronium Bromide (Pavulon)

A

Calcium channel blockers may prolong neuromuscular blockade | Positive chronotropic drugs may potentiate tachycardia | Coadministration of opioids may enhance neuromuscular blockade and produce an increased degree of respiratory depression, hypotension, or sedation

83
Q

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

A

Exaggerated adrenergic effects if given with, or up to 21 days after, MAOI administration | Hypertensive effects may be potentiated by TCAs, guanethidine, methyldopa, and atropine-like drugs

84
Q

Potassium Iodide (Pima Syrup, SSKI, ThyroSafe, ThyroShield)

A

Use with caution in patients taking drugs that may increase serum potassium levels, such as ACE inhibitors | NSAIDs may cause potassium retention

85
Q

Pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam)

A

Avoid using concurrently with succinylcholine, morphine, aminophylline, theophylline, and other respiratory depressants

86
Q

Procainamide Hydrochloride (Pronestyl)

A

Additive effect with other antidysrhythmic agents | Use with beta agonists may be associated with adverse cardiovascular effects, including QT interval prolongation

87
Q

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

A

Increased risk of respiratory depression when used with other medications that cause respiratory depression

88
Q

Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan)

A

Additive with other CNS depressants | Increased extrapyramidal effects with MAOIs

89
Q

Proparacaine Opthalmic (Alcaine, Ophthaine)

A

Data unavailable

90
Q

Propofol (Diprivan)

A

Increased anesthetic or sedative effects when combined with alcohol, antihistamines, opioids, and combinations of opioids and sedatives | Avoid mixing with medications that cannot pass through lipids | Simultaneous use with fentanyl can cause profound bradycardia in pediatric patients

91
Q

Rocuronium Bromide (Zemuron)

A

Additive effects if administered w/ or following an opioid, sedative, or anesthetic agent

92
Q

Sildenafil (Revatio, Viagra)

A

Can potentiate the hypotensive effects of nitrates, alpha blockers, antihypertensives, or alcohol | Increased risk of side effects when taken with grapefruit juice and grapefruit products

93
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Increases the effects of amphetamines | Decreases the effects of benzodiazepines and TCAs | May deactivate sympathomimetics

94
Q

Sodium thiosulfate (Nithiodote)

A

N/A

95
Q

Succinylcholine Chloride (Anectine)

A

Coadministration with CNS depressants may cause profound sedation, coma, respiratory depression, hypotension, or death | Oxytocin, beta blockers, and organophosphates may potentiate its effects | Diazepam may reduce its duration of action

96
Q

Tadalfil (Cialis, Adcirca)

A

Can potentiate the hypotensive effects of nitrates, alpha blockers, antihypertensives, or alcohol | Increased risk of side effects when taken with grapefruit juice and grapefruit products

97
Q

Tetracaine Opthalmic Solution (Pontocaine)

A

Monitor closely for methemoglobinemia signs if coadministered with methemoglobin-inducing drugs

98
Q

Thaimine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)

A

Unstable in alkaline solutions

99
Q

Tranexamic Acid (Cyklokapron, Lysteda)

A

Hormonal contraceptives and clotting factor complexes increase the risk of thromboembolic disorders

100
Q

Vecuronium Bromide (Norcuron)

A

Additive effects if administered with or following an opioid, sedative, or anesthetic agent

101
Q

Verapamil Hydrochloride (Isoptin, Calan)

A

Increases the serum concentration of digoxin | Simultaneous administration with IV beta blockers can produce severe hypotension | Antihypertensives may potentiate the hypotensive effects | May potentiate the activity of depolarizing and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents | Increased risk of sudden cardiac death when given concurrently with erythromycin | St. John’s wort can reduce its effectiveness

102
Q

Ziprasidone (Geodon)

A

Avoid simultaneous administration with drugs that prolong the QT interval | CNS depressants increase its effects

pharmacology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions