MEDICATIONS OSCE Flashcards
what are ACE Inhibitors?
Prevents body from making angiotensin II
- relaxation and widening of blood vessels
what is Amoxycillin?
an antibiotic
- treats UTIs/bacterial infections
what are Antacids?
Neutralises stomach acidity and prevents heartburn, acid reflux
what is an Anti-Cholinergic?
a Bronchodilator
- block action of acetylcholine nerve transmission in smooth muscle (causing relaxation)
what is an Anti-Diuretic hormone?
decreases urine production to increase levels of salt and water in the body
what is Aspirin?
NSAID analgesic that also prevents platelets coagulating
what is Atenolol?
a beta blocker
what are Beta-Blockers?
Medications that prevent action of adrenaline acting on the heart which reduces blood pressure.
who are beta-blockers NOT suitable for?
Patients with respiratory problems such as Asthma or COPD as they IMPAIR VENTILATION
what are B2 Agonists? how do they work?
bronchodilators
- work by acting directly on Beta 2 receptors causing smooth muscle contraction and dilation of airways
what do short acting B2 agonists do?
treat acute bronchial constriction
what do long acting beta 2 agonists do?
prevent constriction of bronchial walls
what is Benzodiazepine an example of?
an anticonvulsant drug
what is an example of an insulin sensitiser drug that may be prescribed to those with T2 Diabetes?
biguanides
what is the function of Calcium Channel Blockers?
Antihypertensive drug
- prevent calcium entering the cells of the heart and arteries which allows blood vessels to relax and widen
what is a negative oral side effect of calcium channel blockers?
gingival hyperplasia
what are Corticosteroids?
an anti-inflammatory medication
what is Prednisolone?
Corticosteroid medication that can be prescribed for chronic asthma
what are COX inhibitors?
NSAIDs
- target enzymes responsible for inflammation and pain
- example is paracetamol
what type of drug is Apixaban or Dabigatran?
anticoagulant drugs
what is Digoxin?
Cardiac stimulator drug
- used in treatment for heart failure, atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
what are the function of Diuretics?
increase urine production to decrease water and salt levels in the body
- also decrease blood pressure due to reduced blood volume
what is Fluconazole?
an oral antifungal medication that treats candida
what is GTN spray?
Glycerol Trinitrate spray is a short acting nitrate spray that is used to treat angina
what do H2 receptor blockers do?
reduce acid secretion
what type of drug is Nifidepine?
calcium channel blocker
what is Omeprazole?
a proton pump inhibitor that reduces the amount of acid that the stomach makes
what are proton pump inhibitors?
Medications that reduce acid secretion by blocking action of proton pumps
- proton pumps are enzymes in the stomach lining that aid in acid secretion
what is Salbutamol? how does it work?
Short acting B2 Agonist
- relaxes the smooth muscles of airways
what are some side effects of Salbutamol inhalers?
- dry mouth (xerostomia)
- irritated throat
what is Salmeterol?
long acting B2 Agonist
- prevents onset of asthma symptoms
- maintenance of COPD
what is Fluticasone?
a steroid inhaler
- used to prevent symptoms of asthma and COPD
what are some oral side effects of steroid inhalers?
- oral candidiasis/thrush
- dry mouth
what is Simvastatin?
Statin
- decreases elevated lipid levels
what is Thyroxine used for?
used to treat hypothyroidism
what is Warfarin?
Anti-coagulant drug
