Medication Bootcamp

Question 1

Metoprolol (Lopressor, troprol xl)

Answer 1

MOA: relaxes blood vessels and slows HR to improve blood flow and decrease BP

CLASS: beta blocker

TU: heart failure, hypertension, arrythmias, angina pectoris

AE: chest/stomach pain, nausea, constipation

NC: monitor EKG/cardiovascular changes, OHTN, monitor diaphoresis and hypoglycemia

Question 2

Insulin (Novolin R)

Answer 2

MOA: regulate glucose metabolism, helps blood sugar get into cells so your body can use it for energy

CLASS: insulin

TU: type 1 and 2 diabetes, hyperkalemia/hyperglycemia

AE: peripheral edema, hypoglycemia, increase weight, anaphylaxis

NC: monitor weight/ I and O, monitor s/s of hyperglycemia, teach how to administer properly

Question 3

Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

Answer 3

MOA: relaxes blood vessels so heart doesn’t work as hard and not need as much oxygen

CLASS: vasodilator

TU: episodes of chest pain in ppl who have coronary heart disease

AE: decrease HR, chest pain, sweating/flushing, blurred vision, SOB

NC: assess cardiac status, monitor for hypotension and bradycardia

Question 4

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Answer 4

MOA: decrease fever through hypothalamus and dilation of peripheral blood vessels

CLASS: antipyretic

TU: decrease pain/ fever, for kids and pt on anticoagulants

AE: poisoning, liver damage, SJS, dark urine

NC: avoid alc, monitor s/s of liver damage, 4g per day, in many other drugs

Question 5

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

Answer 5

MOA: stimulates intestinal peristalsis

CLASS: stimulant laxative \

TU: constipation

AE: nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain/cramps

NC: high risk for abuse, stop if no BM, caution if breastfeeding

Question 6

Tramadol (Ultrum)

Answer 6

MOA: binds to opioid receptors in CNS and blocks reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine

CLASS: opioid analgesic

TU: mod-severe pain, after surgery

AE: constipation, abdominal pain, hallucination, confusion

NC: monitor vitals, no alcohol, safety measure (addiction)

Question 7

Furosemide

Answer 7

MOA: increase excretion of NA and water by kidneys inhibiting reabsorption from loop of Henle

CLASS: loop diuretic

TU: edema, heart failure, HTN

AE: tinnitus, electrolyte imbalance, dark urine, blurred vision

NC: monitor dehydration, increase fluids, monitor weight, I/O, monitor electrolytes