mediastinum, tracheobronchial region and lungs Flashcards
what is the pleura
thick, flexible soft tissue paritions
what is in-between the parietal and visceral pleura
space containing serous fluids
- lubricants the surface of the pleurae
- produces surface tension
what is the parietal pleura
outer surface of the pleural cavity, boarders the thoracic cage, diaphragm and mediastinum
what is the visceral pleura
inner surface of the pleural cavity, around the lungs
what are the 4 surface regions of the parietal pleura
- cervical pleura
- costal pleura
- diaphragmatic pleura
- mediastinal pleura
where is cervical pleura found
lines the extension into the neck
where is costal pleura found
covers the inner aspect of the thoracic wall
where is diaphragmatic pleura found
coverts the thoracic superior surface of the diaphragm
where is mediastinal pleura found
covers central components of the thoracic cavity
what is the location of the superior mediastinum
first rib superior and T4 inferior
what does the superior mediastinum contain
Oesophagus
Trachea
Thymus
phrenic nerve
vagus nerve
recurrent laryngeal nerves
superior vena cava
brachiocephalic veins
aortic arch
thoracic duct
where is the anterior mediastinum located
T4 superior to T9 inferior
what does the anterior mediastinum contain
Remnants of the thymus
Fat
Lymph nodes
where is the middle mediastinum located
T4 superior to T9 inferior
- between posterior and anterior
what does the middle mediastinum contain
Phrenic nerve
Heart
Pericardium
Ascending aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Superior vena cava
Pericardiacophrenic artery
where is the posterior mediastinum located
T4 superior to T12 inferior
- between pericardium and spine
what does the posterior mediastinum contain
Oesophagus
thoracic aorta
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos veins
Accessory hemiazygos vein
Thoracic duct
Vagus nerve
Oesophageal plexus - nerves
what are the components of pericardium
- outer fibrous pericardium
- inner serous pericardium - partital and visceral layers
what are the parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium separated by
serous cavity
what is the fibrous pericardium
- tough connective tissue
- continues with the diaphragm
what is the function of the fibrous pericardium
prevents rapid overfilling of the heart
what is the serous pericardium
single sheets of mesothelium epithelial cells
- serous fluid cavity
