MEDIA SOCIOLOGISTS (GENDER)

Question 1

Who argued women are poorly represented in the media?

Answer 1

Tuchman

Question 2

Who argued the representations of women is biased as they are ofetn depicted as busy housewives?

Answer 2

Tunstall

Question 3

Who found that 84% of reporters and guests on BBC radio 4 were men?

Answer 3

Martinson

Question 4

Which organisation found that radio stations play female acts 5-15% of the time?

Answer 4

Why not her? Collective

Question 5

Who found that duringt 2012 Olympics just 4.5% of articles related to women’s sports?

Answer 5

Packer

Question 6

Who argued most TV shows started including predominantly female casts? (Postmodernist)

Answer 6

Gauntlett

Question 7

Who argued that female bodies are in the constant need of improvement? - the beauty myth

Answer 7

Wolf

Question 8

Who argued the male gaze?

Answer 8

Mulvey

Question 9

Who argued that music industry is guilty of sexually objectifying women?

Answer 9

Laura Bates

Question 10

Who argues that slminess = success?

Answer 10

Orbach

Question 11

Who argued that 5 minute exposure to thin images result in low self-esteem?

Answer 11

Banyard

Question 12

Who argued 21s century media is aimed at young women? (Postmodernism)

Answer 12

Gauntlett

Question 13

Who found that in most video games there are no female charaters or they are portrayed as sex objects?

Answer 13

Dietz

Question 14

Who found that male characters speak twice as much as female?

Answer 14

Rennick

Question 15

Who argued that women’s participation incommunities such as mumsnet reinforces the notion that women should perform the emotion work for the family?

Answer 15

Green and Singleton

Question 16

Who’s the example of female MPs receiving sexist abuse?

Answer 16

Diane Abbott

Question 17

Who argued that in new media women are the most empowered and the internet can potentially destabilise patriarchy?

Answer 17

Green and Singleton

Question 18

Which charity found that boys’ percpetion of masculinity representations showed that representations haven’t changed?

Answer 18

Children Now

Question 19

Which charity outlined 6 stereotypes of male characters? What are these stereotypes?

Answer 19

Children Now
1. Joker - laughter = masculinity
2. Jock - powerful and strong despite the threat to health
3. Strong, silent type - focuses on being in charge (e.g. James Bond)
4. Big shot - economically powerful and socially successful
5. Action hero - aggressive (e.g. Hulk)
6. Buffoon - father figure with parenting issues (e.g. Hopper)

Question 20

Who found that 20% of media representations of masculinity focus on fashion (positive)

Answer 20

McNamara

Question 21

Who argued that men’s magazines such as ‘men’s health’ transmit metrosexual values? (Postmodernism)

Answer 21

Gauntlett

Question 22

Who argued that media presenta a view of masculinity based on the aggression, strength, competition and violence?

Answer 22

Easthorpe

Question 23

Who argued that media failed to portray the reality of masculine life and 80% of male representations were negative, showing them as violent?

Answer 23

McNamara

Question 24

Which campaign striked against magazines portraying women as sex objects?

Answer 24

The lose the lads’ mags

Question 25

Who argued the ‘retributive masculinity’ - an attempt to reclaim traditional masculinity?

Answer 25

Rutherford

Question 26

Who argued that the role of men’s style magazines is to encourage spending?

Answer 26

Edwards

Question 27

Encouraging spending amongst male and female readers is called commodity fetishism and creates false needs. Who argued this? (Marxism)

Answer 27

Adorno