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nursing > med surg 2 exam 1 > Flashcards

med surg 2 exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is shock

A

cells lack blood supply and is a life threatening condition

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2
Q

when treating shock, you need to:

A

determine and treat underlying cause

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3
Q

fluid for hypotonic shock

A

NS or Lactated ringers

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4
Q

Compensatory shock presentation

A

Normal blood pressure, decreased urine output, clammy skin, eyes?

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5
Q

drips for septic shock

A

pressors for low bp and dopamine for ?

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6
Q

when someone is on pressors, the goal is:

A

to get them off; titrate down to wean pt

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7
Q

neurogenic shock (head injury, spinal cord)

A

warm and dry skin, low bp, bradycardia below 60bpm

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8
Q

most common anaphylactic allergies

A

Bees and peanuts

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9
Q

Irreversible shock treatment

A

person is going into organ failure and not responding to treatment; palliative care, comfort measures, communication

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10
Q

ADH

A

anti diuretic hormone; prevents water secretion

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11
Q

your pt has a bad infection. what are some signs of septic shock?

A

shallow RR, MAP below 65, decreased bowel sounds, BP low

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12
Q

main nursing intervention with pressor use:

A

frequent vitals-especially BP

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13
Q

A pt with massive blood loss is at risk for _______ shock

A

hypovolemic

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14
Q

Lactic acid level for sepsis treatment

A

> 2

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15
Q

signs of volume overload with fluid bolus

A

SOB, peripheral edema, crackles in the lungs

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16
Q

Types of distributive shock

A

anaphylactic, neurogenic, and septic shock

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17
Q

s/s of anaphylactic shock

A

respiratory distress with throat swelling; rapid onset

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18
Q

s/s of neurogenic shock

A

map below 65, low bp, low heart rate, BUN, creatinine, specific gravity ??

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19
Q

what should be discontinued in a pt with septic shock and why?

A

foley catheter as it is a high risk of infection

20
Q

s/s of septic shock

A
21
Q

Among the leukemias, a common symptom is:

A

low WBCs and decreased RBC production

22
Q

The most common causes of death in those diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

A

Infection d/t immature WBCs and Bleeding

23
Q

Symptoms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

A

fever, night sweats, fatigue

24
Q

Important things to monitor in AML pts

A

nutritional status and electrolytes ????

25
Q

Common electrolyte change in Multiple Myeloma

A

Hypercalcemia d/t bone degenerating

26
Q

Multiple myeloma safety considerations

A

Falls and fractures d/t bone degeneration causing low bone density

27
Q

Acute Lymphatic Leukemia (ALL)

A

???

28
Q

What skin change is common in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) pts?

A

petechiae

29
Q

S/s of multiple myeloma

A

fatigue, back and rib pain (severe bone pain)

30
Q

Suggestions for people with malnutrition?

A

Dietary consult; multiple small meals a day

31
Q

Monitoring with fluid imbalance

A

Sodium levels (hyponatremia d/t dilution), other electrolytes, pts weight and BMI (is there a large change?), I&O, Lung sounds (crackles)

32
Q

Polycythemia Vera

A

chronic blood disorder that causes an overproduction of RBCs, leading to thickened blood ????? treatment and monitoring

33
Q

What could be observed in an adult patient that could lead to a diagnosis of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?

A
34
Q

Teaching for pt with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

Stay away from crowds; wear a mask

35
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

low platelets

36
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

caused by the destruction of RBCs

37
Q

BM changes with Ferrous Sulfate supplement

A

black

38
Q

Megaloblastic Anemia tongue

A

Red, beefy, swollen and painful

39
Q

Labs affected by Acute Kidney Injury

A

H&H (low), BUN and Creatinine will be high

40
Q

Pica

A

eating non-food items; can be caused by Iron Deficiency anemia

41
Q

Skin changes with hemolytic anemia

A

Jaundice caused by increased bilirubin

42
Q

Pernicious Anemia

A

B12 deficient; missing intrinsic factor

43
Q

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

A

Body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys platelets leading to low platelets

44
Q

s/s of immune thrombocytopenic purpura

A

Petechia, purpura (large bruises), easy bruising, bleeding gums and nose bleeds

45
Q
A

nursing (15 decks)

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