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nursing > Med Admin Chapter 2&3 > Flashcards

Med Admin Chapter 2&3 Flashcards

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1
Q

As needed or prn drug order

A

An order for a drug to be given on as needed basis, based on nurses judgement of patient safety/need

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2
Q

Black box warning

A

A special designation from the FDA that the drug has a higher than normal risk for causing serious and even life threatening problems in addition to its positive benefits for some people

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3
Q

What are federal laws?

A

Laws passed by Congress to make drugs as safe as possible for patients to take and to ensure that the drug does what it claims to do

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4
Q

Three drug categories in the U.S.

A

Controlled
Prescription
Over the counter

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5
Q

Define physical dependence

A

Physical symptoms -shaking, increased heart rate, pain, confusion, seizures

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6
Q

Define psychological dependence

A

Mental desire, anxiety, depression, anger

Examples abused Cocaine alcohol

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7
Q

The goal of all regulations and policies is to….?

A

Verify and account for all controlled substances

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8
Q

Providers who write the prescriptions are also called

A

Prescribers

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9
Q

A legal prescription order must contain

A 
The patients name
Date
Name of drug 
Route of administration 
Dose 
Route of administration 
Dose 
Frequency 
Duration 
Signature of prescriber
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10
Q

Additional details about how to give the drug may be…

A

Take with meals, avoid milk products, do not refill, may cause drowsiness

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11
Q

Why are older patients at high risk for problems with prescriptions?

A

Poor eye sight, memory, hand to mouth coordination (poly pharmacy)

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12
Q

What do OTC drugs commonly treat

A

Minor problems, colds, allergies, headaches, minor burns, constipation, or upset stomach

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13
Q

Accidental over doses of common cold drugs in children because of confusion on the correct dosage of…..?

A

Benadryl/cold medication

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14
Q

A standing drug order

A

Indicates that the drug is to be given until discontinued. A renewal order must be written by the prescriber before drug may be continued

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15
Q

An emergency or stat drug order is

A

A one time order to be given at specific time

Diphenhydramine 50 mg I’v stat

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16
Q

A single drug order is?

A

A one time order to be given at specific time.

Cefazolin 1g iv at 10:00am before surgery

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17
Q

Nurses who give drugs to patients accept professional responsibility for

A

Giving drugs correctly, ethically, and legally

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18
Q

Schedule I drugs

A

High risk for abuse, no accepted use for treatment in US

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19
Q

Schedule I drugs consists of

A 
Alpha-acetymethadol 
GHB
Heroin 
Marijuana 
peyote
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20
Q

What are the nine rights of drug administration

A 
Right patient
Right drug 
Right dose 
Right route 
Right time 
Right documentation 
Right reason 
Right response 
Right to refuse
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21
Q

Drug errors can occur at any of the three points in drug administration process..

A

1) during drug preparation
2) bringing drug to patient
3) giving the drug to the patient

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22
Q

Categories of high alert drugs can be remembered by ?

A

PINCH

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23
Q

What does PINCH stand for

A 
P- potassium 
I- insulin
N- narcotics (opioids) 
C- cancer 
H- heparin
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24
Q

What is medical reconciliation?

A

Is the practice of comparing the patients drug orders to all of the drugs that the patient has been taking.

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25
Q

How can you destroy drugs?

A

Drug buster bottles

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26
Q

What is the Kardex and Electronic drug systems?

A

Is a pen and paper flip-filed system used for many years that has important patient information and doctors orders.
(The here and now)

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27
Q

What is the first step of drug error?

A

Immediately check the patient

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28
Q

What are the steps of drug errors

A

Check the patient
Notify health care provider promptly
Follow any order given by the provider to reduce the affect of the drug error

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29
Q

A legal prescription order must contain

A

1) patient full name
2) date
3) name of drug
4) route of administration
5) does
6) frequency
7) duration
8) signature of prescriber

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30
Q

Sch II DRUGS

A

More than 30 of them
Amphetamines, Cocaine, codeine, fentanyl, hydromorphine, (dilaudid) meperidine (Demerol) methadone, methylphenidate (Ritalin) morphine, oxycodone , pentobarbital

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31
Q

Sch III DRUGS INCLUDE

A

Acetaminophen, anabolic steroids, testosterone preparations xyrem

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32
Q

Sch Iv consists of

A

Diet drugs with propionic acid, lorazepam (Ativan), flurazepam (dalmane), diazepam (Valium) , midazolam (versed), alparazolam (Xanax), chlora hydrate, paraldehyde, pentaxocine, phenobarbital

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33
Q

Sch v drug

A

Cough meds, with small amounts of cosine and drugs for diahreah also contains small amounts of opioids such as diphenoxylate with atropine (lomotil)

34
Q

All controlled substances ordered for a patient but not used during hospital stay are ?

A

Sent back to the pharmacy

35
Q

24 hour tablets and er or xr are what?

A

Do not crush

36
Q

who can write prescriptions for controlled substance?

A

Physicians, Dentists, Nurse practitioners,physician assistants, and sometime nurse mid wife’s

37
Q

What are the most common abused prescription drugs?

A

narcotics (opioids), sleep medication, anxiety disorder medication

38
Q

Older patients are high risk for problems with prescription drugs because of?

A

poor eyesight
memory
coordination

39
Q

what are OTC drugs used to treat?

A

cold, allergies, headaches, minor burns, constipation, or upset stomach

40
Q

What is prescriptive authority?

A

the authority to write an order or prescription for drugs

41
Q

The prescriber must then co-sign the order within?

A

24 hours

42
Q

What is medication reconciliation?

A

the practice of comparing the patients drug orders to all of the drugs the patient has been taking.

43
Q

What is absorption?

A

drugs that enter the body and pass into the circulation to reach to reach the part of the body it needs to affect through diffusion, osmosis, and filtration

44
Q

What is additive effect?

A

when two drugs are given together and either make one drug stronger or make the action of the two drugs more powerful

45
Q

What is the adverse reaction?

A

severe symptoms or problems that can cause great harm

46
Q

What is agonist?

A

drugs that work by activating or unlocking cell receptors causing the same actions as the body’s own chemicals

47
Q

what is allergy?

A

An antigen-antibody response that can cause hives rashes, itching, or swelling

48
Q

What is anaphylactic reaction?

A

A severe life threatening form of an allergic reaction

49
Q

What is antagonist?

A

Drugs that attach at drug receptor site but do not activate or unlock the receptor

50
Q

What is bio-equivalent?

A

drug products that are chemically the same or identical

51
Q

What is Bio-transformation?

A

The transformation or alternating of a drug into either active or inactive chemicals after it has been absorbed

52
Q

What is brand name?

A

The proprietary name that a manufacture gives to a specific drug known as a (trade name)

53
Q

What is buccal?

A

drug placement against the cheek

54
Q

What is chemical name?

A

The names of the chemicals that actually form the drug

55
Q

What is the desired action?

A

The drug does what its suppose to do

56
Q

What is distribution?

A

Movement of the drug in the body to reach its site of action by way of the blood and lymph

57
Q

What are the drug interaction?

A

When one drug changes the action of another drug.

58
Q

what is enternal (route)

A

giving a drug by way of the gastrointestinal system

oral, feeding tube, sublingual and rectally

59
Q

What is first-pass (effect)?

A

after they are consumed, drugs are inactivated in liver before being distributed to other parts of the body

60
Q

What is Generic name?

A

the most common drug name used by the manufacture in all countries. also known as non-proprietary name

61
Q

What is half-life?

A

The time it takes the body to remove 50% of the drug from the body

62
Q

What is hepatotoxic ?

A

adverse drug effects that can result in liver damage

63
Q

what is hypersensitivity?

A

exaggerated response to a drug an allergy is an example

64
Q

What is idiosyncratic response?

A

responses to a drug that are peculiar and unpredicted

65
Q

What is intramuscular?

A

giving a drug by the way of an injection deep into the muscle

66
Q

what is intravenous

A

giving a drug by way of an injection by the way of an injection into a vein or giving the drug into tubing that is connected to a catheter that is inserted into a vein

67
Q

What is nephrotoxic

A

adverse drug effects that may cause damage to kidneys

68
Q

What is parenteral (route)

A

giving a drug by the way of an injection or infusion underneath the skin

69
Q

What is partial agonist?

A

drugs that attach to the receptor site but produce only a partial effect rather then full effect

70
Q

What is percutaneous (route)

A

giving a drug by way of absorption through the skin.

Topical creams, patches, or devices under the skin

71
Q

What is pharma-co-dynamics?

A

the effects of a drug on body function

what the drug does to the body

72
Q

What is pharma-co-kinetics?

A

The metabolism of a drug within the body

what the body does to a drug

73
Q

What is Pharma-co-therapeutics?

A

The use of drugs in the treatment of disease

74
Q

What is pro-drug

A

drugs that must be metabolized before they are active?

75
Q

What are receptor site?

A

small lock-like areas of cell membranes that control what substances either enter the cell of change its activity

76
Q

What is side effect

A

mild but annoying response to the drug.

nausea and headache are common and usual side effects to many drugs

77
Q

What is solubility?

A

The ability of drug to dissolve in body fluids

78
Q

What is subcutaneuos?

A

drug placement into fatty tissue

79
Q

What is sublingual?

A

drug placement under the tongue

80
Q

What is synergistic effect?

A

the effect of two drugs taken at the same time is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug given alone

81
Q

What is trade name?

A

the proprietary that a manufacturer gives to a specific drug. known as brand name.

nursing (11 decks)

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