Med Admin Chapter 2&3 Flashcards
As needed or prn drug order
An order for a drug to be given on as needed basis, based on nurses judgement of patient safety/need
Black box warning
A special designation from the FDA that the drug has a higher than normal risk for causing serious and even life threatening problems in addition to its positive benefits for some people
What are federal laws?
Laws passed by Congress to make drugs as safe as possible for patients to take and to ensure that the drug does what it claims to do
Three drug categories in the U.S.
Controlled
Prescription
Over the counter
Define physical dependence
Physical symptoms -shaking, increased heart rate, pain, confusion, seizures
Define psychological dependence
Mental desire, anxiety, depression, anger
Examples abused Cocaine alcohol
The goal of all regulations and policies is to….?
Verify and account for all controlled substances
Providers who write the prescriptions are also called
Prescribers
A legal prescription order must contain
The patients name Date Name of drug Route of administration Dose Route of administration Dose Frequency Duration Signature of prescriber
Additional details about how to give the drug may be…
Take with meals, avoid milk products, do not refill, may cause drowsiness
Why are older patients at high risk for problems with prescriptions?
Poor eye sight, memory, hand to mouth coordination (poly pharmacy)
What do OTC drugs commonly treat
Minor problems, colds, allergies, headaches, minor burns, constipation, or upset stomach
Accidental over doses of common cold drugs in children because of confusion on the correct dosage of…..?
Benadryl/cold medication
A standing drug order
Indicates that the drug is to be given until discontinued. A renewal order must be written by the prescriber before drug may be continued
An emergency or stat drug order is
A one time order to be given at specific time
Diphenhydramine 50 mg I’v stat
A single drug order is?
A one time order to be given at specific time.
Cefazolin 1g iv at 10:00am before surgery
Nurses who give drugs to patients accept professional responsibility for
Giving drugs correctly, ethically, and legally
Schedule I drugs
High risk for abuse, no accepted use for treatment in US
Schedule I drugs consists of
Alpha-acetymethadol GHB Heroin Marijuana peyote
What are the nine rights of drug administration
Right patient Right drug Right dose Right route Right time Right documentation Right reason Right response Right to refuse
Drug errors can occur at any of the three points in drug administration process..
1) during drug preparation
2) bringing drug to patient
3) giving the drug to the patient
Categories of high alert drugs can be remembered by ?
PINCH
What does PINCH stand for
P- potassium I- insulin N- narcotics (opioids) C- cancer H- heparin
What is medical reconciliation?
Is the practice of comparing the patients drug orders to all of the drugs that the patient has been taking.
How can you destroy drugs?
Drug buster bottles
What is the Kardex and Electronic drug systems?
Is a pen and paper flip-filed system used for many years that has important patient information and doctors orders.
(The here and now)
What is the first step of drug error?
Immediately check the patient
What are the steps of drug errors
Check the patient
Notify health care provider promptly
Follow any order given by the provider to reduce the affect of the drug error
A legal prescription order must contain
1) patient full name
2) date
3) name of drug
4) route of administration
5) does
6) frequency
7) duration
8) signature of prescriber
Sch II DRUGS
More than 30 of them
Amphetamines, Cocaine, codeine, fentanyl, hydromorphine, (dilaudid) meperidine (Demerol) methadone, methylphenidate (Ritalin) morphine, oxycodone , pentobarbital
Sch III DRUGS INCLUDE
Acetaminophen, anabolic steroids, testosterone preparations xyrem
Sch Iv consists of
Diet drugs with propionic acid, lorazepam (Ativan), flurazepam (dalmane), diazepam (Valium) , midazolam (versed), alparazolam (Xanax), chlora hydrate, paraldehyde, pentaxocine, phenobarbital