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nursing > A&P Chapter 7 > Flashcards

A&P Chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many types of bones are in the body

A

206

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2
Q

A thin layer covering each epiphysis is called

A

Articulate cartilage

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3
Q

What lines the medullary cavity of long bones

A

The endosteum

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4
Q

What term is used to describe the process of blood cell formation

A

Hematopolesis

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5
Q

Blood cell formation is a vital process carried on in

A

Red bone marrow

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6
Q

What is a strong fibrous membrane covering a long but except at joint surfaces

A

Periosteum

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7
Q

Osteoporosis occurs mostly in

A

Elderly white females

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8
Q

Bone serve as a safety deposit box for ….?

A

Calcium

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9
Q

What is a vital substance required for normal nerve and muscle function

A

Calcium

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10
Q

As muscles contract and shorten they pull on bones and thereby cause them to?

A

Move

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11
Q

What does calcitonin do?

A

Increases mineralization of the bond - reducing blood calcium levels

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12
Q

Parathyroid hormone does what

A

Counter balances the effects of the ct (calcitonin) by decreasing calcium in the bone

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13
Q

What are long bones

A

Humerus or arm bone

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14
Q

Short bones

A

Carpals or wrist bones

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15
Q

Flat bones

A

Frontal or skull bone

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16
Q

Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae

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17
Q

Diaphysis in long bone

A

Hollow tube made of hard compact bone. Rigid and strong structure. Light in weight to permit easy movement

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18
Q

Medullary cavity

A

The hollow area inside of the diaphysis of a bone contains soft yellow bone marrow

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19
Q

What is yellow bone marrow

A

An inactive fatty form of marrow found in the adult skeleton

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20
Q

Why is red bone marrow important?

A

blood cell forming tissue

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21
Q

what is the hollow shaft of the long bond

A

epiphyses

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22
Q

Trabeculae is what?

A

beams that form spongy bone

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23
Q

the four openings sinuses is called

A

paranasal sinuses

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24
Q

the arch that lies on the inside part of the foot is

A

medial longitude arch

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25
Q

the arch extends across the ball of the foot

A

lateral arch

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26
Q

the arch that lays on the outer edge of the foot

A

transverse arch

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27
Q

how are nutrients passed from blood vessels to blood cells

A

nutrients pass along cell extensions of the osteocytes from the blood vessel in the central canal through the canaliculi and are distributed to all osteocytes of the osteon

28
Q

what are the bones of the axial Skeleton system

A

skull spine thorax hyoid bone

29
Q

osteoblast are

A

bone makers

30
Q

osteoclasts are

A

bone breakers

31
Q

what are three types of joints

A

SAD
synathroses- no movement
amphiarthroses-slight movement
diathroses- free movement

32
Q

what is the upper jaw bone

A

maxilla

33
Q

bones at the back of the skull is

A

pariental and occipal

34
Q

where are metacarpals

A

palm of hand

35
Q

metacarpals are what?

A

bone that form the support structure for the palm

36
Q

what kind of joint is in the knee

A

hinge joint

37
Q

what is the bone called at your knee cap

A

patella

38
Q

what is the bone called on your heal

A

calcanious

39
Q

know your ribs 1-7 are

A

true ribs

40
Q

ribs 8-10 are

A

false ribs

41
Q

ribs 11-12 are

A

floating ribs

42
Q

what does costal cartage do

A

connects true ribs to the sternum

43
Q

when you are describing the regions of your spine what are they in order

A

cervical 7
thoracic 12
lumbar 5

44
Q

flexion

A

reduces the angle of the joint

45
Q

extension

A

increase the angle of joint

46
Q

abduction

A

increases the joint from midline

47
Q

circumduction

A

moves distal end of bone around

48
Q

what is parathyroid hormone

A

hormone that counterbalances the effects of ct by decreasing calcium in the bone thereby increasing the blood calcium level

49
Q

treatment methods for osteoporosis

A

drug therapy and dietary supplements of vitamin d and calcium

50
Q

what are ways you could try to correct osteoporosis

A

exercising and maintain a healthy diet

51
Q

a bone that may develop in a tendon is called what

A

sesamoid

52
Q

a diploe is what?

A

a cancellous bone layer

53
Q

bone density and the effects of aging specifically at the age of 50

A

decreases slowly due to shift in the remodeling

54
Q

know the differences between male and female pelvis

A

sizes, more distinct bumps, pubic angles

55
Q

amphiarthrosis

A

slight movement

56
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

shoulder griddle arms forearms hip griddle legs and feet

57
Q

what is the bone that is above your coccyx

A

sacrum

58
Q

what are the four parts of your sinuses

A

frontal
sphenoid sinus
nasal
maxillary

59
Q

saddle joint can be found

A

in your thumb

60
Q

hinge joint can be found

A

knee and elbow

61
Q

pivot joint can be found

A

atlas,
head of radius
rotating against the ulna

62
Q

ball joint can be found

A

hip and shoulder

63
Q

condyloid joint

A

atlantooccipital joint

64
Q

gliding joint

A

between vertebrae

65
Q

what is the bone in your heel

A

calcaneus

nursing (11 decks)

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