A&P Chapter 7 Flashcards
How many types of bones are in the body
206
A thin layer covering each epiphysis is called
Articulate cartilage
What lines the medullary cavity of long bones
The endosteum
What term is used to describe the process of blood cell formation
Hematopolesis
Blood cell formation is a vital process carried on in
Red bone marrow
What is a strong fibrous membrane covering a long but except at joint surfaces
Periosteum
Osteoporosis occurs mostly in
Elderly white females
Bone serve as a safety deposit box for ….?
Calcium
What is a vital substance required for normal nerve and muscle function
Calcium
As muscles contract and shorten they pull on bones and thereby cause them to?
Move
What does calcitonin do?
Increases mineralization of the bond - reducing blood calcium levels
Parathyroid hormone does what
Counter balances the effects of the ct (calcitonin) by decreasing calcium in the bone
What are long bones
Humerus or arm bone
Short bones
Carpals or wrist bones
Flat bones
Frontal or skull bone
Irregular bones
Vertebrae
Diaphysis in long bone
Hollow tube made of hard compact bone. Rigid and strong structure. Light in weight to permit easy movement
Medullary cavity
The hollow area inside of the diaphysis of a bone contains soft yellow bone marrow
What is yellow bone marrow
An inactive fatty form of marrow found in the adult skeleton
Why is red bone marrow important?
blood cell forming tissue
what is the hollow shaft of the long bond
epiphyses
Trabeculae is what?
beams that form spongy bone
the four openings sinuses is called
paranasal sinuses
the arch that lies on the inside part of the foot is
medial longitude arch
the arch extends across the ball of the foot
lateral arch
the arch that lays on the outer edge of the foot
transverse arch
how are nutrients passed from blood vessels to blood cells
nutrients pass along cell extensions of the osteocytes from the blood vessel in the central canal through the canaliculi and are distributed to all osteocytes of the osteon
what are the bones of the axial Skeleton system
skull spine thorax hyoid bone
osteoblast are
bone makers
osteoclasts are
bone breakers
what are three types of joints
SAD
synathroses- no movement
amphiarthroses-slight movement
diathroses- free movement
what is the upper jaw bone
maxilla
bones at the back of the skull is
pariental and occipal
where are metacarpals
palm of hand
metacarpals are what?
bone that form the support structure for the palm
what kind of joint is in the knee
hinge joint
what is the bone called at your knee cap
patella
what is the bone called on your heal
calcanious
know your ribs 1-7 are
true ribs
ribs 8-10 are
false ribs
ribs 11-12 are
floating ribs
what does costal cartage do
connects true ribs to the sternum
when you are describing the regions of your spine what are they in order
cervical 7
thoracic 12
lumbar 5
flexion
reduces the angle of the joint
extension
increase the angle of joint
abduction
increases the joint from midline
circumduction
moves distal end of bone around
what is parathyroid hormone
hormone that counterbalances the effects of ct by decreasing calcium in the bone thereby increasing the blood calcium level
treatment methods for osteoporosis
drug therapy and dietary supplements of vitamin d and calcium
what are ways you could try to correct osteoporosis
exercising and maintain a healthy diet
a bone that may develop in a tendon is called what
sesamoid
a diploe is what?
a cancellous bone layer
bone density and the effects of aging specifically at the age of 50
decreases slowly due to shift in the remodeling
know the differences between male and female pelvis
sizes, more distinct bumps, pubic angles
amphiarthrosis
slight movement
appendicular skeleton
shoulder griddle arms forearms hip griddle legs and feet
what is the bone that is above your coccyx
sacrum
what are the four parts of your sinuses
frontal
sphenoid sinus
nasal
maxillary
saddle joint can be found
in your thumb
hinge joint can be found
knee and elbow
pivot joint can be found
atlas,
head of radius
rotating against the ulna
ball joint can be found
hip and shoulder
condyloid joint
atlantooccipital joint
gliding joint
between vertebrae
what is the bone in your heel
calcaneus
