Chapter 17 Fundamentals Flashcards
What is airborne precautions?
(airborne transmission)- place the patient into a private room with negative air pressure or in a room with another patient with the same infectious organism,
examples include measles, varicella, and pulmonary tuberculosis
What is contact precautions?
(touching)
never touch anything with bare hands anything wet that comes from a body surface or cavity, use gloves, impermeable gown, masks, and protective eye wear when necessary.
Examples. include gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin, or wound infections
What is convalescent period?
recovering–getting better
What is droplet precaution?
wearing a mask within three feet, vomiting diarrhea
What is health care-associated infections?
Infections transmitted while receiving health care services
What is human immunodeficiency virus?
HIV hep strains, Ebola, and variety of drug resistant bacteria
What is illness period?
signs and symptoms appear
may include
rash, swollen lymph notes, leukocytosis, purulent wound exudate, diarrhea, and vomiting
What is impervious?
moisture and particle proof bags
What is incubation period?
the stage that patients are most likely contagious when the organism first enters the body often when you dont even know your sick
What is infection prevention and control?
relies on medical and surgical asepsis, standard precautions, and transmitted based precautions. To prevent or control the spread of microorganisms
What is isolation?
means of preventing contact between patient and others to prevent speak of infection— standard (tier one) and transmission (tier two)
What is leukocytosis?
increased levels of white blood cells
What is malaise?
general feeling of discomfort or illness
What is prodromal period?
the time period your most contagious, you start showing symptoms, but you still do not relies they are ill
What is standard precautions?
used for every patient, gloves, gowns, masks, eye wear, shoe and hair coverings
What is transmission-based precautions?
implemented when a patient known or suspected of specific dieses— airborne, droplet, contact precautions
Health care providers can decrease the incidence of VAP by
Elevating head between 30-45 degrees
Daily sedation vacation
Prophylaxis for preventing peptic ulcer disease
Pro….
What is healthcare associated infections?
Infections transmitted to a person while receiving health care services.
(Nosocoma)
Infection prevention and control involve
Observing patients for signs of infection
Recognizing patients that are high risk for infection (and implementing appropriate precautions)
Implementing procedures to contain microorganisms
Monitoring diagnostic reports
Using approved sanitation methods
Proper handling and sterilizing or disposing of contaminated equipment
What are the stages of infection
Incubation period
Prodomial period
Illness period
Convalescent period
Illness period shows symptoms of
Fever head ace vomiting diahreah rash swollen lymph notes
General transportation and preparation for specimens.
Verify the primary care providers order Complete laboratory requisition form Label container Tell patient what’s needed apply lid Clean container Place in container/bag lock seal Complete form place in envelope before leaving patient room
Four rules of surgical asepsis
Know what’s sterile
Know what’s not sterile
Separate sterile from non sterile
Remedy contamination
How to open sterile packs
Hand hygiene Open sterile pack away from the body Touch only the outside of the wrapper Do not reach across sterile field Always face sterile field Allow 6 inches between body and sterile field
Surgical hand scrub
2-4 minutes
Water runs to elbow
2ml of antibacterial soap finger tips
2ml for other hand
Pouring sterile liquids
Hand washing
Check label for ordered solution
Unscrew lid without touching inside of lid
Place cap outside of sterile field
Position 1 inch inside of the edge of sterile field
Hold bottle 6 inches above the empty sterile container prevent splashing
Recap lid wrote date on solution it was opened
Process of double bagging
Another nurse stands outside of the door way
Holds second bag places gloved hands under the edge of second bag
Carefully bag first bag into second bag
Don’t touch inner bag
Bag is tied
Gloves taken off
Emphasis on protective environment
Special isolation room
Own ventilation
Facilities policy and procedures
What is a result in sadness in isolation called
Sensory deprivation
