A&P Chapter 10 Flashcards
________ that allow us to respond to stimuli such as touch, pressure, temperature, and pain?
Sensory receptors
The senses are often classified as either?
General or special senses
The _______ are those detected by simple microscopic receptors distributed though the body skin, muscles, tendons, joints, and other internal organs of the body.
General senses
The ___________ are those detected by the receptors that are grouped in specific areas and associated with complex structures that facilitate these senses.
(Smell, taste, vision, hearing, and equilibrium)
Special senses
What is encapsulated or uncapsulated?
Free of or naked of any such covering
What’s is sensitive to change in intensity or color of light as in vision
Photoreceptors
What are sensitive to presence of certain chemicals such as in taste or smell?
Chemoreceptors
What is sensitive to physical injury
Pain receptors
What is sensitive to any changes in temperature
Thermoreceptos
What is sensitive to mechanical stimuli that change their position or shape
Mechanoreceptor
The eye has what receptor?
Photoreceptors
The ear is a
Mechanoreceptor
The nose is a
Chemoreceptors
Taste buds are a ?
Chemoreceptors
Touch receptors are distributed closely together over the finger prints by ?
2-8 mm appart
What are the palm receptors appart?
8-12
The back of the torso is distributed
40-80 mm
The difference in which kind of stimuli is detected is called ____ of the sensation
Mode
Some of the general sensory receptors found near the point of junction between tendons and muscles and other found deep within the skeleton muscle tissue are called ?
Proprioceptors
What detects the color and intensity of light in our external environment
Vision
An eye injury is considered as?
A medical emergency
The eyeball is a fluid filled sphere having a wall of what three layers
1) fibrous
2) vascular
3) inner layer
What is in the fibrous layer of the eye?
- sclera
- cornea
What is in the vascular layer of the eye?
- choroid
- ciliary
- iris
- lens
What is in the inner layer of the eye?
- retina
- optic nerve
- retinal blood vessel
The white of the eye is part of the fibrous layer called the ?
Sclera
What is the transparent circle on the anterior of the fibrous layer
The cornea
Inflammation of the cornea is called
Keratitis
A mucous membrane known as _____ lines the eyelids and covers the fibrous layer in from
Conjunctive
Inflammation of this important membrane is called?
Conjunctivitis (or pink eye)
The conjunctiva is kept moist by tears secreted by the
Lacrimal gland
The middle layer of the eyeball is called the ________ because it has a dense network of blood vessels?
Vascular layer
Most of the vascular layer is made up mostly of the?
Choroid
The choroid contains a large amount of
Dark pigment melanin
Several involuntary muscles make up the anterior part of the choroid. Some are in the
Iris
The iris is what part of the eye
The blue, brown, green part of an eye
The black cemetery of the iris is really a hole in this doughnut scraped muscle is the
Pupil
The ___of the eye lies directly behind the pupil
Lens
The lens is held in place by a ligament attached to an involuntary muscle called the?
Ciliary muscle
Most of us become ____ as we grow older
Farsighted
What average age do you start to become farsighted?
40 years old
What is another name for farsighted?
Presbyopia or old sightedness
Long time exposure to UV radiation causes the lens to become?
Hard loses its transparency and become milky looking
What is it called when the eye becomes milky
Cataract
The ____ makes up most of the inner eye
The retina
The retina contains microscopic photoreceptors cells to detect?
Light
____ are the receptors for night vision
Rods
____ are the receptors for daytime vision
Cones
There are three types of cones each on is sensitive to a different color?
Read
Green
Blue
There is a yelowish area near the center of the retina is called
Macula lutes
What contains the greatest concentration of cones of anywhere of the retina?
Fovea centralis
What is the device used to look into the eyes
Ophthalmoscope
What cells are also sensitive to light
Ganglion cells
What is the name of the watery fluid in front of the lens
Aqueous humor
What is the name of the jelly like fluid behind the lens
Vitreous humor
_____ occurs as light passes through the cornea, the aqueous humor, the lens, and the vitreous humor on its way to the retina
Refraction
If drainage is blocked for any reason the internal pressure within the eye will increase the damage that could lead to blindness. Is called ?
Glaucoma
The innermost layer of the retina contains the rods and cones which are the?
Photoreceptor cells
The result is a blind spot known as the
Optic disk
If our eyes are enlongated the image focuses in front of the retina rather than on it. The retina receives only a FUZZY. Image this is called
Myopia (nearsightedness)
If our eye balls are shorter than normal the image focuses behind the retina also producing a fuzzy image is called
Hyperopia
Color blindness usually an inherited condition is caused by mistakes in producing three chemicals called ?
Photopigments
In addition to its role of hearing the ear functions as the sense organ of ?
Balance or equilibrium
The simulation or “trigger” that activates receptors involved with hearing and equilibrium is called
Mechanoreceptors
The ear is divided into what anatomical areas
1- external ear
2- middle ear
3- inner ear
The external ear has two parts called
- auricle (pinnacle)
- external acoustic canal
The auricle is the
Appendage on the side of the head surrounding the opening of the external acoustic canal
The canal of the ear is a curving tube approx
2.5 cm (1inch)
The canal of the ear extends into _____ and ends at the ______.
Temporal bone
Tympanic (eardrum)
What produces a waxy substance in the ear
Ceruminous glands
What is the wax sub substance inside of the ear called
Cerumen
A medical device used to see the inside of the ear is called
Otoscope
