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nursing > A&P Chapter 10 > Flashcards

A&P Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

________ that allow us to respond to stimuli such as touch, pressure, temperature, and pain?

A

Sensory receptors

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2
Q

The senses are often classified as either?

A

General or special senses

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3
Q

The _______ are those detected by simple microscopic receptors distributed though the body skin, muscles, tendons, joints, and other internal organs of the body.

A

General senses

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4
Q

The ___________ are those detected by the receptors that are grouped in specific areas and associated with complex structures that facilitate these senses.
(Smell, taste, vision, hearing, and equilibrium)

A

Special senses

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5
Q

What is encapsulated or uncapsulated?

A

Free of or naked of any such covering

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6
Q

What’s is sensitive to change in intensity or color of light as in vision

A

Photoreceptors

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7
Q

What are sensitive to presence of certain chemicals such as in taste or smell?

A

Chemoreceptors

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8
Q

What is sensitive to physical injury

A

Pain receptors

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9
Q

What is sensitive to any changes in temperature

A

Thermoreceptos

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10
Q

What is sensitive to mechanical stimuli that change their position or shape

A

Mechanoreceptor

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11
Q

The eye has what receptor?

A

Photoreceptors

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12
Q

The ear is a

A

Mechanoreceptor

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13
Q

The nose is a

A

Chemoreceptors

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14
Q

Taste buds are a ?

A

Chemoreceptors

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15
Q

Touch receptors are distributed closely together over the finger prints by ?

A

2-8 mm appart

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16
Q

What are the palm receptors appart?

A

8-12

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17
Q

The back of the torso is distributed

A

40-80 mm

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18
Q

The difference in which kind of stimuli is detected is called ____ of the sensation

A

Mode

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19
Q

Some of the general sensory receptors found near the point of junction between tendons and muscles and other found deep within the skeleton muscle tissue are called ?

A

Proprioceptors

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20
Q

What detects the color and intensity of light in our external environment

A

Vision

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21
Q

An eye injury is considered as?

A

A medical emergency

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22
Q

The eyeball is a fluid filled sphere having a wall of what three layers

A

1) fibrous
2) vascular
3) inner layer

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23
Q

What is in the fibrous layer of the eye?

A
  • sclera

- cornea

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24
Q

What is in the vascular layer of the eye?

A
  • choroid
  • ciliary
  • iris
  • lens
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25
Q

What is in the inner layer of the eye?

A
  • retina
  • optic nerve
  • retinal blood vessel
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26
Q

The white of the eye is part of the fibrous layer called the ?

A

Sclera

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27
Q

What is the transparent circle on the anterior of the fibrous layer

A

The cornea

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28
Q

Inflammation of the cornea is called

A

Keratitis

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29
Q

A mucous membrane known as _____ lines the eyelids and covers the fibrous layer in from

A

Conjunctive

30
Q

Inflammation of this important membrane is called?

A

Conjunctivitis (or pink eye)

31
Q

The conjunctiva is kept moist by tears secreted by the

A

Lacrimal gland

32
Q

The middle layer of the eyeball is called the ________ because it has a dense network of blood vessels?

A

Vascular layer

33
Q

Most of the vascular layer is made up mostly of the?

A

Choroid

34
Q

The choroid contains a large amount of

A

Dark pigment melanin

35
Q

Several involuntary muscles make up the anterior part of the choroid. Some are in the

A

Iris

36
Q

The iris is what part of the eye

A

The blue, brown, green part of an eye

37
Q

The black cemetery of the iris is really a hole in this doughnut scraped muscle is the

A

Pupil

38
Q

The ___of the eye lies directly behind the pupil

A

Lens

39
Q

The lens is held in place by a ligament attached to an involuntary muscle called the?

A

Ciliary muscle

40
Q

Most of us become ____ as we grow older

A

Farsighted

41
Q

What average age do you start to become farsighted?

A

40 years old

42
Q

What is another name for farsighted?

A

Presbyopia or old sightedness

43
Q

Long time exposure to UV radiation causes the lens to become?

A

Hard loses its transparency and become milky looking

44
Q

What is it called when the eye becomes milky

A

Cataract

45
Q

The ____ makes up most of the inner eye

A

The retina

46
Q

The retina contains microscopic photoreceptors cells to detect?

A

Light

47
Q

____ are the receptors for night vision

A

Rods

48
Q

____ are the receptors for daytime vision

A

Cones

49
Q

There are three types of cones each on is sensitive to a different color?

A

Read
Green
Blue

50
Q

There is a yelowish area near the center of the retina is called

A

Macula lutes

51
Q

What contains the greatest concentration of cones of anywhere of the retina?

A

Fovea centralis

52
Q

What is the device used to look into the eyes

A

Ophthalmoscope

53
Q

What cells are also sensitive to light

A

Ganglion cells

54
Q

What is the name of the watery fluid in front of the lens

A

Aqueous humor

55
Q

What is the name of the jelly like fluid behind the lens

A

Vitreous humor

56
Q

_____ occurs as light passes through the cornea, the aqueous humor, the lens, and the vitreous humor on its way to the retina

A

Refraction

57
Q

If drainage is blocked for any reason the internal pressure within the eye will increase the damage that could lead to blindness. Is called ?

A

Glaucoma

58
Q

The innermost layer of the retina contains the rods and cones which are the?

A

Photoreceptor cells

59
Q

The result is a blind spot known as the

A

Optic disk

60
Q

If our eyes are enlongated the image focuses in front of the retina rather than on it. The retina receives only a FUZZY. Image this is called

A

Myopia (nearsightedness)

61
Q

If our eye balls are shorter than normal the image focuses behind the retina also producing a fuzzy image is called

A

Hyperopia

62
Q

Color blindness usually an inherited condition is caused by mistakes in producing three chemicals called ?

A

Photopigments

63
Q

In addition to its role of hearing the ear functions as the sense organ of ?

A

Balance or equilibrium

64
Q

The simulation or “trigger” that activates receptors involved with hearing and equilibrium is called

A

Mechanoreceptors

65
Q

The ear is divided into what anatomical areas

A

1- external ear
2- middle ear
3- inner ear

66
Q

The external ear has two parts called

A
  • auricle (pinnacle)

- external acoustic canal

67
Q

The auricle is the

A

Appendage on the side of the head surrounding the opening of the external acoustic canal

68
Q

The canal of the ear is a curving tube approx

A

2.5 cm (1inch)

69
Q

The canal of the ear extends into _____ and ends at the ______.

A

Temporal bone

Tympanic (eardrum)

70
Q

What produces a waxy substance in the ear

A

Ceruminous glands

71
Q

What is the wax sub substance inside of the ear called

A

Cerumen

72
Q

A medical device used to see the inside of the ear is called

A

Otoscope

nursing (11 decks)

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