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nursing > A&P CHPT 9 > Flashcards

A&P CHPT 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

The system as a whole has two principle divisions called ?

A

central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

What is in the CNS?

A

Brain

Spinal cord

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3
Q

What is in the PNS?

A

All nerves

Autonomic system

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4
Q

What is in the autonomic system?

A

Heart rate, contraction of stomach and intestines, and secretion of chemical compounds

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5
Q

What are two major types of cells found in nervous tissue?

A

neurons

glia cells

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6
Q

what are neurons?

A

nerve cells

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7
Q

What is glia?

A

support cells

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8
Q

Neurons consists of three parts?

A

1) cell body
2) dendrites
3) axon

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9
Q

What is the “cell body” of the neurons?

A

it’s the main part

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10
Q

What is the “dendrites” of neurons?

A

one or more branching projection

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11
Q

What is “axon” of neurons?

A

one en-longed projection

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12
Q

What are the types of neurons?

A

1) sensory neuron
2) motor neuron
3) Interneurons

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13
Q

Sensory neuron does what?

A

carry impulses to the spinal cord and brain

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14
Q

What is sensory neuron is also called?

A

afferent neuron

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15
Q

What does the motor neuron do?

A

carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

What type of tissues is motor neuron?

A

muscle

glandular

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17
Q

What is the motor neuron also called?

A

efferent neuron

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18
Q

What does the interneurons do?

A

conduct impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons.

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19
Q

What is interneurons also called?

A

central or connecting neurons

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20
Q

glia or neuroglia is what?

A

special types of supporting cells

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21
Q

An important reason for discussing glia is one of the most common type of brain tumor called?

A

glioma

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22
Q

glia performs many different functions including

A

the regulation pf neuron function

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23
Q

Glia vary in size and shape:
Large cells that look somewhat like stars
(threadlike branches)

A

atstrocytes

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24
Q

along the the walls of the blood vessels, astrocyte branches form a two layer structure called

A

Blood brain barrier

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25
Q

what is smaller then astrocytes

A

microglia

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26
Q

microglia usually ….

A

remains stationary

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27
Q

The _____ separates the blood tissue and nervous tissue to protect vital brain tissue from harmful chemicals that may be in blood

A

BBB BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER

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28
Q

The ____ helps to hold nerve fibers together

A

oligodencytes

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29
Q

oligodencytes also serves in what function?

A

They produce the fatty myelin sheath that envelopes nerve fibers located in the brain and spinal cord

30
Q

The _____ affects nerve conduction speed.

A

myelin sheath

31
Q

______ are glia cells that also forms myelin sheaths but do so only in P.N.S

A

Schwann cells

32
Q

Neurons with myelin-wrapped axons are called

A

myelinated fibers

33
Q

_____ is gaps between adjacent schwann cells

A

Nodes of Ranvier

34
Q

The outer wrapped layer of a schwann cell is called?

A

neurilemma

35
Q

A _____ is a group of peripheral nerve fibers (axons) bundled together like the strands of a cable.

A

nerve

36
Q

what is the gap that serves as a junction between nerve cells?

A

synapse

37
Q

The motor neuron axon forms a synapse is called

A

a effector

38
Q

what is a group of nerve cell bodies located in P.N.S. called?

A

ganglion

39
Q

What are at the beginning of dendrite’s

A

receptors

40
Q

what is the basic type of neuron pathway called?

A

reflex arc

41
Q

nerve impulses also called ______ can travel trillions of route?

A

action potentials

42
Q

what are bundles of axons in the C.N.S are called?

A

Tracks

43
Q

a tough fibrous sheath that covers the whole nerve is called?

A

epineurium

44
Q

groups of wrapped axons is called?

A

Facials

45
Q

an involuntary response to an impulse conduction over a reflex arc is called?

A

reflex

knee at the doctors office

46
Q

the destruction of neurons of the motor area of the cerebrum is called?

A

C.V.A.

cerebrovascular accident

47
Q

what is in the brain stem

A

M—MEDULA OBLONGATA
P—PONS
M—MIDBRAIN

48
Q

What does the medula oblongata do?

A

control center of cardiac respiratory

49
Q

what do pons do?

A

influence respiratory

50
Q

What does the midbrain do?

A

relays visual and audio

51
Q

what does cerebellum do?

A

muscle coordination (posture)

52
Q

What is in the diencephalon?

A

H— Hypothalamus
T— Thalamus
P— Pineal gland

53
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

regulates temp, water, sleep, appetite, and sex drive

54
Q

What does the thalamus do?

A

sensory relay of cortex, emotions

55
Q

What does the pineal gland do?

A

melatonin, natural light, internal clock

56
Q

What does the cerebrum do?

A

sensory perception, emotions, willed movements, memory

57
Q

what does the following stand for?

  • B-ecause
  • C-cant
  • D-itch
  • C-lass
A

3Brainstem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum

58
Q

Olfactory

A

smell (smell that factory)

59
Q

Optic

A

vision

60
Q

oculmotor

A

eye movement think (O)

61
Q

Trochlear

A

eye movement (down and in)

62
Q

Trigeminal

A

touch forehead cheek and teeth

63
Q

Abducens

A

eyes side to side (looking for someone)

64
Q

Facial

A

Taste, saliva anterior

65
Q

Vagus

A

Defecation

66
Q

Vestibulocochear /acoustic

A

hearing/balance

67
Q

glossopherneal

A

posterior taste

68
Q

spinal accessory

A

shoulder shrug

69
Q

hypoglossal

A

tongue movement

70
Q

temporal lobe

A

language and auditory

71
Q

occipital lobe

A 
vision
deep dispaja (eating problem)
72
Q

latteral fissure

A

short term memory

hypocampus

nursing (11 decks)

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