Mechanisms of Temperature Regulation

Question 1

List the mechanisms of heat loss in human

Answer 1

radiation, conduction, convection, evaporation

Question 2

Compare and contrast fever and hyperthermia

Answer 2

Fever - thermostatic center of hypothalamus sets body temperature higher

Hyperthermia - no change in thermostatic center of hypothalamus. inability to lose produced body heat

Question 3

The normal body temperature ranges in Celsius and Fahrenheit are ________

Answer 3

36-37.5 C

97-99.5 F

Question 4

Heat exhaustion typically presents with _________ while heatstroke typically presents with __________

Answer 4

MOIST, COOL skin, lower blood pressure/volume, fatigue, nausea, oliguria

HOT, DRY, flushed skin, tachycardia, hyperventilation, convulsions, collapse, coma, seizure, stroke, organ failure

Question 5

Describe pathogenesis of heat exhaustion

Answer 5

exposure to hot environment leads to loss of water and electrolytes, leading to thirst, fatigue, nausea, oliguria, giddiness and finally delirium

Question 6

Describe pathogenesis of heatstroke

Answer 6

exposure to heat causes local and systemic inflammatory response leading to acute respiratory distress, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, multiorgan disorders

Question 7

Hypothermia is caused by _______.

Frostbite is caused by ______

Answer 7

prolonged exposure to cold

inadequate blood circulation after prolonged exposure to cold

Question 8

Describe pathogenesis of hypothermia

Answer 8

body temperature drops below 35 C (95 F) leading to decreased metabolic rate, poor coordination, stumbling, slurred speech, poor judgment, amnesia, dilation of pupils, weak irregular pulse

Question 9

Describe pathogenesis of frostbite

Answer 9

constriction of blood vessels and formation of ice crystals in body tissues leads to ischemia and necrosis