Me 2.3 Introduction to Memory

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

Learning that persists over time. Information that has been acquired, stored, and can be retrieved

Question 2

Recall

Answer 2

A measure of memory in which one must retrieve information out of the memory system (fill in the blanks test)

Question 3

Recognition

Answer 3

A measure of memory in which one identifies items previously learned. (multiple choice test)

Question 4

Relearning

Answer 4

A measure of memory in which one learns something again. One learns more quickly when learning something again.

Question 5

Encoding

Answer 5

Getting information into our memory system.

Question 6

Parallel Processing

Answer 6

Processing multiple aspects of a stimulus simultaneously.

Question 6

Storage

Answer 6

The process of retaining information over time.

Question 7

Connectionism

Answer 7

A model that views memories as interconnected neural networks. Specific memories arise from particular activation patterns and they change every time we learn something. (An example of neuroplasticity)

Question 8

Sensory Memory

Answer 8

Briefly, immediately recorded memory in the memory system
Example: Remembering a visual image for a fraction of a second (iconic memory) or an echo of a sound (echoic memory)

Question 9

Short-Term Memory

Answer 9

Briefly activated memory of a few items that is later stored or forgotten. Example: Remembering a phone number long enough to dial it

Question 10

Long-Term Memory

Answer 10

The relatively permanent and limitless archive of the memory system.
Example: Remembering your first pet’s name

Question 11

Multi-store model

Answer 11

1. Record to-be-remembered information as sensory memory
2. Then process information into short term memory, where it is encoded through rehearsal
3. Moves into long-term memory for permanent storage for later retrieval

Question 12

Working Memory

Answer 12

A stage where short and long term memories combine in a way in which our brain actively processes new information by linking our new experiences with long term memory

Question 13

Maintenance Rehearsal

Answer 13

Repetition of a piece of information to keep it within your active short-term memory. ex)repeating a telephone number until it has been dialled

Question 14

Elaborative rehearsal

Answer 14

memory technique that involves thinking about the meaning of the term to be remembered. A technique to help the short-term memory into long-term storage

Question 15

central executive

Answer 15

acts as the control centre of the working memory system. It directs attention and manages cognitive processes like problem-solving and decision-making. It decides what we should focus our attention on

Question 16

phonological loop

Answer 16

component of working memory that controls the articulatory system and stores speech-based, hearing information for a short period, typically a few seconds.

Question 17

visuospatial sketchpad

Answer 17

handles visual and spatial information.

It allows you to visualise objects and their locations in space,
aiding in tasks that require spatial awareness and manipulation

When navigating a new city, the visuospatial sketchpad helps
you form a mental map, visualise routes, and remember landmarks

Question 18

Neurogenesis

Answer 18

The formation of new neurones

Question 19

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer 19

electric currents pass through the brain, intentionally causing a brief seizure. wipes out last 10 seconds because you cannot consolidate (process into memory into long-term storage) before being knocked out.

Question 19

What does learning do to neurones?

Answer 19

It releases more serotonin and increases the amount of synapses

Question 19

Long-Term Potentiation

Answer 19

biological process where synaptic connections between neuroens become stronger with frequent activation or intensity