Me 2.1b Perception: Perceptual Organisation and Interpretation

Question 1

Gestalt

Answer 1

A way people organise their visual sensation so that every piece of information is integrated into one meaningful whole.

Question 2

Figure and Ground

Answer 2

To make something stand out from the background.

Question 3

Grouping (in perception)

Answer 3

Organising stimuli into coherent groups allowing us to form reality. Similar objects and objects that are close in proximity to each other.

Question 4

Visual Cliff

Answer 4

A laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals.

Question 5

How is depth perception gained?

Answer 5

Through biology/evolution and learning

Question 6

Binocular Cues

Answer 6

A depth cue such as retinal disparity depending on the use of two eyes. Used when viewing close objects

Question 7

Convergence

Answer 7

The inward movement of both eyes toward each other as an object moves closer to the viewer, allowing the brain to perceive the object’s distance. The degree of convergence helps estimate how near or far an object is.

Question 8

Retinal disparity

Answer 8

Each eye receives a slightly different image of the world and the brain computes the difference between two objects. (Binocular cue)

Question 9

Monocular cues

Answer 9

Depth cues available to each eye separately. Uses brain to interpret.

Question 10

Relative size

Answer 10

If two objects are similar in size, we will view the smaller thing (from our knowledge) to be further from us. (Monocular cues)

Question 11

Relative Clarity

Answer 11

Further objects are seen more hazily
(Monocular cues)

Question 12

Texture gradient

Answer 12

Closer things have more texture when seen. (Monocular cues)

Question 13

Linear perspective

Answer 13

parallel lines seem to meet in the distance. (Monocular cues)

Question 14

Interposition

Answer 14

When objects block part of another object, we view the object doing the blocking as closer. (Monocular cues)

Question 15

How does motor perception work?

Answer 15

The assumption that shrinking objects move away and enlarging objects are coming nearer. Also stop motion

Question 16

Stroboscopic movement

Answer 16

An illusion of motion when rapidly seeing a series of slightly varying images. —>stop motion

Question 17

Phi phenomenon

Answer 17

An illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession

Question 18

Autokinetic effect

Answer 18

a stationary, small point of light in an otherwise dark or featureless environment appears to move

Question 19

Perceptual constancy

Answer 19

Perceiving objects as unchanging

Question 20

Colour constancy

Answer 20

We perceive familiar objects as having consistent colour, even under
varying lighting conditions.

Question 21

Shape constancy

Answer 21

We perceive an object as having a constant shape, even when its angle
of view changes.

Question 22

Size constancy

Answer 22

We perceive an object as having a constant size, even when its distance
from us changes.

Question 23

Brightness Constancy

Answer 23

We perceive an object to have the same brightness even if the illumination changes

Question 24

When is it essential to learn to perceive?

Answer 24

A critical period allows animals to learn to perceive the world.

Question 25

Perceptual adaptation

Answer 25

People can adapt to a different sensory input after a while.