MCBG - Mitosis And Meiosis Flashcards
True or false - one chromosome can be either one OR two DNA molecules?
True - a replicated chromosome is two DNA molecules rather than the usual one.
What are the names given to the arms of chromosomes?
P (short) and Q (long) arms
What are telomeres?
Repeated sequences at each end of a chromosome/chromatid.
Where is a metacentric centromere placed on the chromosome?
In the middle.
True or false - all of a human’s chromosomes have telocentric centromeres.
False - humans have none.
Where is an acrocentric centromere placed?
Very close to the top of the centromere.
What happens in prophase?
Spindle fibres appear and chromosomes condense
Describe prometaphase.
Spindle fibres attach to chromosomes, chromosomes condense further.
What happens in metaphase?
Chromosomes align down the equator.
What happens in anaphase?
Centromeres divide and sister chromatids move to opposite poles.
Describe telophase.
Nuclear membrane reforms, chromosomes decondense, spindle fibres disappear.
What occurs in cytokinesis?
Cytoplasm divides
True or false - sister chromatids have identical DNA and the same alleles?
True
Can homologous chromosomes have different alleles?
Yes, they often do.
What does meiosis produce?
Four non-identical cells with half of the chromosome content of the parental cell.