Matters of the Heart Flashcards
Period of ventricular contraction
Systole (ventricular emptying)
Period of ventricular relaxation
Diastole (ventricular filling)
Heart sounds are produced when one-way valves that normally keep blood from flowing backward during contractions snap shut.
What happens during “lub”? during “dub”?
Lub - atria transfer blood the ventricles
Dub- ventricles contract and propel blood from the heart
How is blood propelled from the heart? How is this possible?
The cardiac muscle has a SPIRAL orientation so there happens a WRINGING motion (parang nagpipiga to propel all the blood away) when the ventricles contract
Cardiac cycle
- Describes the complete movement of the <3 or heartbeat
- Includes the period from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next one
Closure of aortic (left ventricle) and pulmonary (right ventricle) valves –> Opening of atrio-ventricular valves during early moments of diastole –> Atrial contraction during final moments of diastole –> Closure of atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and mitral) very soon after systole begins –> Opening of aortic and pulmonary valves during systole
What is the importance of the fibrous skeleton of the <3?
Keeps orifices of the AV and semilunar valves patent
Provides attachments for leaflets and cusps of the valves
Provides attachment for the myocardium
Forms an electrical “insulator”
Location of SVC and IVC, in reference to costal cartilages
SVC - opens into the superior part of the right atrium, level of the right 3rd costal cartilage
IVC - opens into the inferior part of the right atrium almost in line with the SVC at 5th costal cartilage
What condition?
Position of the <3
Mirror image positioning of the great vessels and arch of aorta
Dextrocardia
How is percussion of the <3 done?
What is it for?
Defines the density and size of the <3
Creste vibration by tapping the chest with a finger while listening and feeling for differences in sound wave conduction
Performed at the 3rd, 4th and 5th intercostal space from the left anterior axillary line to the right anterior axillary line
What are the semilunar valves?
Aortic valve - Left ventricle
Pulmonary valve - Right ventricle
Blood volume of a 70-kg person
5 L
During an emergency thoracotomy, where do you connect the tube?
Water-sealed drainage
During pericardiocentesis, how many degrees would you tilt the needle?
30 degrees, 5th or 6th intercostal space left of the sternum, to prevent puncturing the <3
Which is posterior and anterior, pulmonary or aortic valve?
Posterior - Aortic
Anterior - Pulmonary
Where muscles are attached
Keep valves patent
Provide attachment for the leaflets and cusps
Fibrous skeleton
