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OS 205 > Electrophysiology > Flashcards

Electrophysiology Flashcards

0
Q

Diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell through selective potassium channels in the cell membrane

A

Resting membrane potential

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1
Q

Normal resting potential in most myocardial cell

True of atrial, ventricular cells

A

80-90 mV, cell interior negative

-80 - -90

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2
Q

SA cells, AV nodes, HIS - Purkinje resting membrane potential?

A

Less compared to atrial and ventricular cells because they have higher permeability to Na and Ca (ions will enter agad)
Do not exhibit a constant resting potential

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3
Q

Voltage-gated ion channels

A

Opening and closing of channels is dependent on the charge of the membrane (prior to opening)

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4
Q

Brought about by the opening and closing of the Na , K, and Ca ion channels

Na: fast ion channel
K: higher concetration inside than outside, slow ion channel

A

Action Potential

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5
Q

Action Potential Phases

A

Phase 1: Early Repolarization Phase
Phase 2: Plateau Phase
Phase 3: Rapid Repolarization Phase
Phase 4: Resting Membrane Potential

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6
Q

More negative
Rapid onset
Fast response

Potential in what cells?

A

Atrial and ventricular cells

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7
Q 
Low resting membrane potential
Shorter duration of action potential
Less negative
Fast sodium channel is inactivated
Only the Ca ion goes in and causes the conductance
A

Pacemaker cells

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8
Q

What ion potential present in these cells?

Skeletal

Cardiac

A

Sodium ion channel

Sodium and calcium ion channels

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9
Q

Membrane properties of cardiac cells

-Allows us to function

A

Refractoriness
Membrane responsiveness
Impulse conduction

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10
Q

Membrane property

Membrane cell is insensitive to stimulus
Can’t be stimulated

A

Refractory

Cardiac cell can’t be stimulated
Needs time to recover

Importance?
Prevents sustained contraction

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11
Q

Membrane property

Refere to the max rate of rise of the action potential upon excitation

A

Membrane responsiveness

The faster the Vmax, the more readily it is conducted

Clinical Correlation: Drugs are used to control arrythmias

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12
Q

T or F

The bigger the cell, the faster the conduction of impulses

The smaller the fibers, the faster the conduction

A

T

F

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13
Q

T or F

Atria contracts ahead of the ventricle (‘pump primer’)

A

True

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14
Q

Predominant cardiac pacemaker

A

SA node

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15
Q

Resting potential of SAN

A

-55 to -60 mV

There is a leakage of sodium ions (the higher the leakage, the faster will be the heart rate)

Ca ion channel

Spontaneous diastolic depolarization

So conductance be transmitted in atrial and ventricular cells

16
Q

Very large fibers

Transmit electric impulse more rapidly

A

Purkinje system

17
Q

Faster the rate of depolarization, faster depolarization of other tissues than self-excitation

What node?

A

SA

18
Q

Innervation of the <3

A

Sympathetic - AV nodes
Norepinephrine
Increases heart rate, contractility, cardiac output
Exercise, emergency

Parasympathetic - Vagus
Acetyl choline
Slowing of the heart rate
Block conduction

19
Q

Records the electrical impulses of the heart through electrodes placed on the skin

A

Electrocardiogram

20
Q

Atrial depolarization

A

P wave

21
Q

Ventricular depolarization

A

QRS

22
Q

T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization

23
Q

True or False

Heart will be depolarized from the right, base

to

left, apex

A

True

24
Q

Abnormal rhythmicity of the pacemaker

A

Arrythmia

25
Q

Sinus greater than 100 beats per min

Rate less than 60 beats

A

Sinus tachycardia

Sinus bradycardia

26
Q

A 3rd degree block

Conduction comes from other pacemaker

A

Complete Heart Block

27
Q

Each part of the ventricle stimulated
No effective contraction
Abnormal conduction of the ventricle
Rapid, variable ventricular contraction

A

Ventricular fibrillation

Treatment: Reboot the <3, defibrillate

OS 205 (18 decks)

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