Histology of the Respiratory System

Question 0

What happens when the air is conditioned?

Answer 0

Humidification (warming of air)

Removal of foreign bodies

Question 1

TRUE or FALSE

The conducting portion is from the NOSE to PRIMARY BROCHUS

Answer 1

True

Question 2

This type of epithelium is mainly for PROTECTION

It is found in:
Epiglottis
Oropharynx
True and false vocal chords

Answer 2

Stratified squamous

Question 3

What structure is responsible for a ‘black nose’ during New Year?

Answer 3

Vibrissae

Question 4

Only nerve exposed to the external environment

What is its life span?

Answer 4

Olfactory nerve

30 days

Question 5

TRUE or FALSE

Presence of a bone on the histologic slide indicates the olfactory tissue

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Characterized as having:
No goblet and cilia
Bowmann’s glands

Answer 6

Olfactory epithelium (pseudostratified columnar)

Question 7

Paranasal sinuses are lined with what type of epithelium?

Answer 7

Respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified ciliated columnar)

Question 8

The ff. structures have what type of cartilage?

1. Epiglottis
2. Thyroid
3. Cricoid

Answer 8

1. Elastic cartilage
2. Hyaline
3. Hyaline

Question 9

Type of epithelium?

1. Lingual side + superior 3rd of epiglottis
2. Posterior + pharyngeal side

Answer 9

1. Stratified squamous

2. Pseudostratified columnar

Question 10

11 cm in length

16 to 20 C-shaped cartilage (to maintain patency of trachea to not collapse)

Answer 10

Trachea

Question 11

TRUE or FALSE

From superior to inferior end of the trachea

• gradual decrease of goblet cells
• gradual decrease of cilia

Answer 11

True

False

Question 12

Abscence of cartilage, glands of lamina propria, goblet cells
Cuboidal
Parasympathetic

Answer 12

Bronchiole

Question 13

Secrete GAG that protects broncular lining from collapsing?

Answer 13

Bronchial wall

Question 14

Precursor of alveolar macrophage

Answer 14

Monocyte

Question 15

Releases surfactant so wall of the alveoli would not collapse

Answer 15

Type II (Pneumocyte II)

Question 16

What happens in babies born preterm with no/less surfactant)?

Answer 16

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Question 17

Changes in the respiratory tract of the smoker

Answer 17

Stratified squamous
No cilia (coughing)
Hypertrophy of mucosal glands
Disappearance of goblet cells
Thickening of the basement membrane of the trachea

Question 18

Detects pheromones, ‘absent’ in humans, present in animals

Answer 18

Vomeronasal

Question 19

These are neuroendocrine cells found in clumps throughout the tracheobronchial tree and secrete biogenic amines, including dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)

Numerous in fetus than in adult

Answer 19

Kultschitzky cells

Question 20

Congestive heart failure cells

Answer 20

Macrophage