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Math and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Units for Force

A

(kg * m) / s^2

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2
Q

Units for Joules

A

(kg * m^2) / s^2

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3
Q

Units for Power

A

(Watts) = (kg * m^2) / s^3

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4
Q

Total Mechanical Energy

A

KE + U

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5
Q

Work when gas expands?

A

work was done by the gas (+W)

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6
Q

Work when gas is compressed?

A

Work was done on the gas (-W)

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7
Q

Absolute zero (F, C, and K)

A

-460, -273, 0

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8
Q

Freezing point of water (F, C, and K)

A

32, 0, 273

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9
Q

Boiling point of water (F, C, and K)

A

212, 100, 373

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10
Q

Change in 1C = ____ in F

A

1C = 1.8F

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11
Q

Isolated Systems

A

no exchange of energy or matter

total change in internal energy = 0

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12
Q

Closed Systems

A

capable of exchanging energy (not matter) w/ surroundings

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13
Q

State Functions

A

independent of the path taken vs. process fx that change depending on path

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14
Q

heat transfer: conduction

A

direct energy transfer via molecular collisions (touching)

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15
Q

heat transfer: convection

A

heat transfer by physical motion of fluid material (air, liquid)

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16
Q

heat transfer: radiation

A

transfer of energy via electromagnetic waves

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17
Q

specific heat (c)

A

amount of energy needed to raise one g of a substance one degree C

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18
Q

solid to liquid

A

fusion or melting

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19
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing or solidification

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20
Q

liquid to gas

A

boiling, evaporation, or vaporization

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21
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensation

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22
Q

solid to gas

A

sublimation

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23
Q

gas to solid

A

deposition

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24
Q

specific heat of water

A

1 cal / (g K)

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25
Q

Isothermal

A

no change in internal energy (U)
constant T
Q = W

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26
Q

Adiabatic

A

no heat exchange

change in internal energy (U) = -W

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27
Q

Isobaric

A

constant pressure, no change in equation

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28
Q

Isochoric

A

“isovolumetric”
no change in volume, no work is done
change in internal energy = Q

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29
Q

Units for Entropy (S)

A

J / (mol K)

30
Q

Pascal’s Principle

A

ideal fluid is an incompressible fluid (even with change of pressure)

31
Q

Cohesion

A
  • molecules in middle of liquid experience equal attractive Forces at all sides
  • molecules on surface experience greater attractive F from fluid
32
Q

Adhesion

A

large molecules experience attraction towards a surface

33
Q

convex meniscus

A

cohesive forces of substance > adhesive forces

34
Q

concave meniscus

A

large molecules are more attracted to the wall.

adhesive forces > cohesive forces

35
Q

wavelength of blue/violet light

A

400nm, high frequency/high energy

36
Q

wavelength of red light

A

700nm, low frequency/low energy

37
Q

conditions that allow airplane to fly

A

velocity above the wing > velocity below the wing

Pressure above the wing < Pressure below the wing

38
Q

Diamagnetic Material

A

paired e-

anything we would consider “nonmagnetic”

39
Q

Paramagnetic Material

A

attracted to external magnetic field
temporary effected
unpaired e- align with applied magnetic field

40
Q

Ferromagnetic Material

A

can be durably magnetized by external magnetic field

unpaired e- align and are able to persist = MAGNETS?

41
Q

Circuits: Loop Rule

A

the total electrical potential difference (in Volts) around any closed loop is 0V.

42
Q

Capacitors in series and in parallel

A

capacitors store and discharge electrical potential energy
in series: they decrease capacitance of a circuit
in parallel: they increase total capacitance of a circuit

43
Q

Electromagnetic waves are ______ waves

A

they are transverse waves!

oscillating electric field and oscillating magnetic field that are perpendicular to the direction of propagation

44
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum (low energy to high energy)

A 
lowest energy: Radio Waves
microwaves
infrared
visible light
UV
x ray
Highest energy: gamma waves
45
Q

Visible Spectrum

A

ROYGBIV

Red (700nm) to Violet (400nm)

46
Q

Law of reflection

A

incident angle = angle of reflection

47
Q

Convex Mirrors

A

diverging systems

virtual
upright
reduced

48
Q

Concave Mirrors

A

converging systems

49
Q

Plane Mirror

A

spherical mirror with infinite radii
Virtual
upright
same size

50
Q

Convex Lens

A

converging system

produces real, virtual, and upright

51
Q

Concave lens

A

diverging system, virtual, upright

52
Q

Hyperopia

A

eye is too short

  • image forms BEHIND the retina
  • “farsightedness”
  • correcting lens: converging lens (convex)
53
Q

Myopia

A

eye is too long

  • image forms INFRONT of the retina
  • “nearsightedness”
  • correcting lens: diverging lens (concave)
54
Q

Watts

A

J/second = V * A

55
Q

Farad

A

Capacitance / velocity

56
Q

Volt

57
Q

Amp

58
Q

Ohm

59
Q

strong or weak acid = HCl

A

strong acid

60
Q

strong or weak acid = H2SO4

A

strong acid

61
Q

strong or weak acid = HNO3

A

strong acid

62
Q

strong or weak acid = HBr, HI

A

Strong acid

63
Q

strong or weak acid = HClO4

A

strong acid

64
Q

strong or weak acid = HSO4

65
Q

strong or weak acid = H3PO4

66
Q

strong or weak acid = HF, CH3COOH

67
Q

NaOH and KOH

A

strong bases

68
Q

When Keq is >1, =0, <1

A

> 1 = [P] are greater at equilibrium
=0 then [P] = [R] at equilibrium
<1 = [R] are greater at equilibrium

69
Q

ideal voltmeter vs. ideal ammeter

A

ideal voltmeter = infinite resistance, connected in parallel

ideal ammeter = negligible resistance, connected in series

70
Q

Ascorbic Acid

A

vitamin C
reducing agent
(can convert Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ = reducing agent)

71
Q

Halogens (group #) act as strong oxidizing or reducing agents?

A

Halogens (group 17) act as strong oxidizing agents

because they want to pick up on of the valence e- they are missing to fill their valence shell

72
Q

Arteriole Resistance equation

MCAT Prep (11 decks)

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