Maternity 30 and 31

Question 1

Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?

Answer 1

Hexosaminidase

Question 2

The pediatric nurse is providing discharge instructions to parents whose infant is prescribed Synthroid for the medical diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which statement made by the mother indicates a knowledge deficit?

Answer 2

“I am looking forward to my child being able to stop this medication.”

Medication is not to be discontinued because the replacement for hypothyroidism is lifelong.

Question 3

Which test reflects glucose control over a period of time.

Answer 3

glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)

Question 4

Which risk factors are potential causes of diabetes insipidus?

Answer 4

Heredity, Brain tumor, and a Head injury

Question 5

Which symptoms are manifestations of hypothyroidism in an infant?

Answer 5

Lethargy, Noisy respiration, and Enlarged tongue

Question 6

Which lab tests and results can be used to identify diabetes mellitus type I?

Answer 6

Urine ketone testing-positive, Fasting blood glucose (FBG) >126 mg/dL, Glucose tolerance test (GTT) concentration >200 mg/dL, and Glycosylated hemoglobin test (HgbA1C) >9%

Question 7

What are the initial signs of diabetes insipidus?

Answer 7

Polydipsia and polyuria

Question 8

A 1-year-old child has been treated for 2 weeks for an electrical burn of the mouth sustained from biting into an electrical cord. The child’s mother calls the nurse reporting concern because her child’s burn continues to bleed at times throughout the day. What education should the nurse provide to the patient’s mother?

Answer 8

Electrical burns of the mouth may bleed for several weeks.

Question 9

Which is a characteristic of tinea capitis?

Answer 9

Patches of alopecia

Question 10

What statement by the mother of a 1-year-old with intertrigo suggests that she needs more education about treatment for this diagnosis?

Answer 10

“I should keep him away from other kids until this is healed.”

Question 11

Which interventions can be used to prevent diaper dermatitis?

Answer 11

Cleanse with mild soap and water., Use non-alcohol baby wipes for cleansing., Expose diaper area to air and light., Apply ointments with vitamins A and D and lanolin.,

Question 12

Which types of skin grafts are considered permanent?

Answer 12

Isografts and Autografts

Question 13

A child is being treated for frostbite of the right hand. How will the nurse know that this condition is improving?

Answer 13

Hand is deep purple associated with severe pain.

Question 14

when a throat culture is positive for strep, patient receives

Answer 14

Penicillin for 10 days

Question 15

How to treat a child with laryngeal spasms

Answer 15

increase humidity, rest, run hot water or nebulizer treatment, IV fluids, and corticosteroids

Question 16

post op of hemorrhage

Answer 16

may occur after a throat or nose surgery. The pt will be seen swallowing repeatedly.

Question 17

a quiet chest after assessment of wheezing indicates

Answer 17

occlusion of air pathways and impending respiratory arrest

Question 18

Asthma

Answer 18

syndrome caused by increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli that results in reversible, paroxysmal constriction of the airways.

Question 19

Position for an asthmatic patient is

Answer 19

sitting up with arms across table

Question 20

Septal defect

Answer 20

hear a loud harsh murmur combined with a systolic thrill

Question 21

Characteristic symptoms of coarctation of the aorta are

Answer 21

marked difference in b/p and pulses between the upper and lower extremities

Question 22

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 22

stenosis, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, the aorta is displaced, and VSD

Question 23

the parameters for giving Digoxin to an infant

Answer 23

withhold the medication if the pulse rate is below 100 beats per minute( call the hcp)

Question 24

Fatigue during feeding or activity is common to most infants with

Answer 24

congenital cardiac problems

Question 25

clubbing of the fingers occur

Answer 25

chronically low blood levels of oxygen

Question 26

Foods rich in iron

Answer 26

eggs, liver. leafy greens, cream of wheat, and dried fruits.

Question 27

why do we not give children cows milk in the first year

Answer 27

low iron

Question 28

Hemophilia B

Answer 28

a hereditary bleeding disorder by a lack of blood clotting factor IX.
(Christmas disease)

Question 29

Hemophilia A

Answer 29

caused by deficiency of coagulation Factor VII or antihemophilic-globulin

Question 30

Blood transfusion reaction

Answer 30

chills, itching, rash, fever, headache, and pain in the back. Clamp off immediately

Question 31

Sickle cell

Answer 31

vasoocclusive, splenic sequestrian, aplastic, crises, and hyperhemolytic

Question 32

what is the result of repeated blood transfusions, excessive deposits of iron may be stored in the tissues. . Where is it seen especially

Answer 32

hemosiderosis is seen in the spleen, liver, heart , pancreas, and lymph glands

Question 33

Pre-school children view death as

Answer 33

reversible and temporary

Question 34

Rapid respirations cause

Answer 34

increased insensible fluid loss

Question 35

Vomiting is an outstanding symptom of

Answer 35

pyloric stenosis

Question 36

Pin worms

Answer 36

lives in lower intestines

come out to the anus at night to lay eggs

Question 37

Dehydration types

Answer 37

isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic

Question 38

the antidote for Tylenol

Answer 38

N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

Question 39

Oils in bubble bath irritate

Answer 39

the urethra

Question 40

Treatment for hypospadias

Answer 40

paraphimosis ( 6-12 months)

Question 41

Wilm’s tumor

Answer 41

a Mass in the stomach usually found before the age of 3.

The tumor compresses kidney tissue and usually encapsulated.

Question 42

Children’s skin has a dramatically greater ability to

Answer 42

absorb than an adult

Question 43

use Vinegar and water solution to

Answer 43

comb through hair to eradicate lice

Question 44

Child who receives regular insulin before meals may have an insulin reaction if

Answer 44

food is not eaten within 20 minutes. A snack of graham crackers and milk will prevent hypoglycemia

Question 45

Ketoacidosis

Answer 45

hyperglycemia is treated with insulin

hypoglycemia is treated with glucagon IM

Question 46

Signs of water intoxication

Answer 46

edema, lethargy, nausea, and central nervous system signs

Question 47

how do you treat currant jelly stools?

Answer 47

1. water soluble contrast enema 2. air-contrast enema

Question 48

a pt has lost equal amounts of fluids and electrolytes. This is what type of dehydration?

Answer 48

isotonic

Question 49

A child has lost more electrolytes than fluid. What type of dehydration is this?

Answer 49

hypotonic dehydration

Question 50

a pt loses more fluid than electrolytes. What type of dehydration is this?

Answer 50

hypertonic

Question 51

Treatment for Wilm’s tumor

Answer 51

combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

Question 52

paraphimosis

Answer 52

foreskin cannot be returned to its normal position

Question 53

formula for bladder capacity of a child.

Answer 53

age in years +2 equals bladder volume capacity

Question 54

hypoglycemia

Answer 54

<70 mg/dl
fatigue, tremors, and lethargy
Treatment- glucagon IM, orange juice, CHO’s orally, or IV glucose

Question 55

alkalosis

Answer 55

decreased blood levels of carbon dioxide.

ex. fever, high altitude, lack of oxygen, liver disease , and lung disease

Question 56

acidosis

Answer 56

too much acid in the body fluids.

ex. vomiting , electrolyte imbalance

Question 57

treatment for pinworms

Answer 57

mebendazole(vermax) single dose chewable tablet.
pyrantel pamoate:
controls infestation
stains stools red