Maternity 30 and 31 Flashcards
Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?
Hexosaminidase
The pediatric nurse is providing discharge instructions to parents whose infant is prescribed Synthroid for the medical diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Which statement made by the mother indicates a knowledge deficit?
“I am looking forward to my child being able to stop this medication.”
Medication is not to be discontinued because the replacement for hypothyroidism is lifelong.
Which test reflects glucose control over a period of time.
glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)
Which risk factors are potential causes of diabetes insipidus?
Heredity, Brain tumor, and a Head injury
Which symptoms are manifestations of hypothyroidism in an infant?
Lethargy, Noisy respiration, and Enlarged tongue
Which lab tests and results can be used to identify diabetes mellitus type I?
Urine ketone testing-positive, Fasting blood glucose (FBG) >126 mg/dL, Glucose tolerance test (GTT) concentration >200 mg/dL, and Glycosylated hemoglobin test (HgbA1C) >9%
What are the initial signs of diabetes insipidus?
Polydipsia and polyuria
A 1-year-old child has been treated for 2 weeks for an electrical burn of the mouth sustained from biting into an electrical cord. The child’s mother calls the nurse reporting concern because her child’s burn continues to bleed at times throughout the day. What education should the nurse provide to the patient’s mother?
Electrical burns of the mouth may bleed for several weeks.
Which is a characteristic of tinea capitis?
Patches of alopecia
What statement by the mother of a 1-year-old with intertrigo suggests that she needs more education about treatment for this diagnosis?
“I should keep him away from other kids until this is healed.”
Which interventions can be used to prevent diaper dermatitis?
Cleanse with mild soap and water., Use non-alcohol baby wipes for cleansing., Expose diaper area to air and light., Apply ointments with vitamins A and D and lanolin.,
Which types of skin grafts are considered permanent?
Isografts and Autografts
A child is being treated for frostbite of the right hand. How will the nurse know that this condition is improving?
Hand is deep purple associated with severe pain.
when a throat culture is positive for strep, patient receives
Penicillin for 10 days
How to treat a child with laryngeal spasms
increase humidity, rest, run hot water or nebulizer treatment, IV fluids, and corticosteroids
post op of hemorrhage
may occur after a throat or nose surgery. The pt will be seen swallowing repeatedly.
a quiet chest after assessment of wheezing indicates
occlusion of air pathways and impending respiratory arrest
Asthma
syndrome caused by increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli that results in reversible, paroxysmal constriction of the airways.
Position for an asthmatic patient is
sitting up with arms across table
Septal defect
hear a loud harsh murmur combined with a systolic thrill
Characteristic symptoms of coarctation of the aorta are
marked difference in b/p and pulses between the upper and lower extremities
Tetralogy of Fallot
stenosis, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, the aorta is displaced, and VSD
the parameters for giving Digoxin to an infant
withhold the medication if the pulse rate is below 100 beats per minute( call the hcp)
Fatigue during feeding or activity is common to most infants with
congenital cardiac problems
clubbing of the fingers occur
chronically low blood levels of oxygen
Foods rich in iron
eggs, liver. leafy greens, cream of wheat, and dried fruits.
why do we not give children cows milk in the first year
low iron
Hemophilia B
a hereditary bleeding disorder by a lack of blood clotting factor IX.
(Christmas disease)
Hemophilia A
caused by deficiency of coagulation Factor VII or antihemophilic-globulin
Blood transfusion reaction
chills, itching, rash, fever, headache, and pain in the back. Clamp off immediately
Sickle cell
vasoocclusive, splenic sequestrian, aplastic, crises, and hyperhemolytic
what is the result of repeated blood transfusions, excessive deposits of iron may be stored in the tissues. . Where is it seen especially
hemosiderosis is seen in the spleen, liver, heart , pancreas, and lymph glands
Pre-school children view death as
reversible and temporary
Rapid respirations cause
increased insensible fluid loss
Vomiting is an outstanding symptom of
pyloric stenosis
Pin worms
lives in lower intestines
come out to the anus at night to lay eggs
Dehydration types
isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic
the antidote for Tylenol
N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
Oils in bubble bath irritate
the urethra
Treatment for hypospadias
paraphimosis ( 6-12 months)
Wilm’s tumor
a Mass in the stomach usually found before the age of 3.
The tumor compresses kidney tissue and usually encapsulated.
Children’s skin has a dramatically greater ability to
absorb than an adult
use Vinegar and water solution to
comb through hair to eradicate lice
Child who receives regular insulin before meals may have an insulin reaction if
food is not eaten within 20 minutes. A snack of graham crackers and milk will prevent hypoglycemia
Ketoacidosis
hyperglycemia is treated with insulin
hypoglycemia is treated with glucagon IM
Signs of water intoxication
edema, lethargy, nausea, and central nervous system signs
how do you treat currant jelly stools?
- water soluble contrast enema 2. air-contrast enema
a pt has lost equal amounts of fluids and electrolytes. This is what type of dehydration?
isotonic
A child has lost more electrolytes than fluid. What type of dehydration is this?
hypotonic dehydration
a pt loses more fluid than electrolytes. What type of dehydration is this?
hypertonic
Treatment for Wilm’s tumor
combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.
paraphimosis
foreskin cannot be returned to its normal position
formula for bladder capacity of a child.
age in years +2 equals bladder volume capacity
hypoglycemia
<70 mg/dl
fatigue, tremors, and lethargy
Treatment- glucagon IM, orange juice, CHO’s orally, or IV glucose
alkalosis
decreased blood levels of carbon dioxide.
ex. fever, high altitude, lack of oxygen, liver disease , and lung disease
acidosis
too much acid in the body fluids.
ex. vomiting , electrolyte imbalance
treatment for pinworms
mebendazole(vermax) single dose chewable tablet.
pyrantel pamoate:
controls infestation
stains stools red
