gastrointestinal pharm. exam

Question 1

what is the top priority for a patient taking capsules?

Answer 1

the pt needs to swallow it whole

Question 2

define a proton pump inhibitor

Answer 2

inhibits pump from secreting too much acid

Question 3

most common side effect of antacids

Answer 3

constipation

Question 4

what medication sticks to ulcers?

Answer 4

carafate

Question 5

What antibiotic clears H. pylori

Answer 5

clarithromycin

Question 6

antispasmodic meds relax…

Answer 6

the muscles

Question 7

causes of constipation

Answer 7

iron, diet, meds, and hydration

Question 8

an older adult is given medication. What do they need to report?

Answer 8

confusion

Question 9

What two medications reduce stomach acid?

Answer 9

antihistamines and proton pump inhibiters

Question 10

What helps with incontinence, reduces frequency/urgency, and stops spasms?

Answer 10

antispasmodic medications

Question 11

What is important for oral health?

Answer 11

medications, odor, dry mouth, and dental Hx

Question 12

What is a crucial aspect of Miralax?

Answer 12

retention

Question 13

If a child takes Ditropan they most likely take it for…?

Answer 13

bed wetting

Question 14

A nurse should tell the mother of a 11 month old to increase…?

Answer 14

fluids

Question 15

normal bowel function

Answer 15

at least every 3 days

Question 16

If a pt has constipation. What should be increased?

Answer 16

fluids/water

Question 17

To prevent the spread of diarrhea

Answer 17

wash hands

Question 18

If a patient takes a fleet enema everyday

Answer 18

instruct them to stop (increase fruits and leafy greens and fiber supplements)

Question 19

overactive bladder syndrome treatment goal is?

Answer 19

decrease frequency and reduce urinary urge

Question 20

magnesium hydroxide action (lubricant laxative)

Answer 20

lubricates intestinal wall and helps smooth passage of fecal matter

Question 21

stool softeners do not cause…?

Answer 21

peristalsis

Question 22

stimulant laxatives cause?

Answer 22

irritation which promotes peristalsis

Question 23

Osmotic laxative action

Answer 23

draws water into the intestines causing peristalsis

Question 24

list 3 antiemetics

Answer 24

droperidol, ondansetron, and dexamethasone

Question 25

osmotic laxatives

Answer 25

polyethylene glycol, lactulose, and glycerin

Question 26

3 causes of diarrhea

Answer 26

enzyme deficiency, excessive use of laxatives, and drug therapy

Question 27

for pt's who are given laxatives routinely administer with a...?

Answer 27

full glass of water

Question 28

criteria for chronic constipation

Answer 28

present for 3 months

Question 29

medications that cause constipation

Answer 29

morphine, codeine, and anticholinergic agents

Question 30

______ containing magnesium may also cause diarrhea

Answer 30

Antacids

Question 31

Name 3 complications associated with prolonged/severe diarrhea

Answer 31

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and exhaustion

Question 32

define constipation

Answer 32

infrequent stools or difficult stool passage

Question 33

if a pt is experiencing painful spasms. What should be administered?

Answer 33

pyridium

Question 34

pt has a distended and tender abdomen. What is the priority assessment?

Answer 34

pt may be impacted

Question 35

Name the most common diarrhea medication

Answer 35

immodium (loperimide hydrochloride)

Question 36

with any GU and GI what do you increase?

Answer 36

fluids

Question 37

if a pt should not strain during deification? what should you give them?

Answer 37

stool softener

Question 38

thrush(candidas) treatment

Answer 38

nistatin (antifungal)

Question 39

what organism causes peptic ulcers?

Answer 39

H.pylori

Question 40

condition of lack of saliva?

Answer 40

xerostomia (saliva substitutes)

Question 41

adverse effects of pyridium

Answer 41

reddish-orange urine is common and yellowing of the skin and the eyes is adverse

Question 42

psyllium nurse intervention

Answer 42

give with a full glass of water

Question 43

medication for reflux and gastroparesis

Answer 43

regalin(metoclopramide)

Question 44

medications for motion sickness

Answer 44

dramamine and benadryl)

Question 45

most common symptom of reflux

Answer 45

heartburn

Question 46

What can H.pylori cause?

Answer 46

peptic ulcers

Question 47

common side effects of meds for constipation

Answer 47

abdominal cramping

Question 48

what med may cause jaw and neck spasms

Answer 48

regalin

Question 49

what meds prevent nausea?

Answer 49

antimetics

Question 50

pt gets antispasmodics for urinary spasms. What may they experience?

Answer 50

dry mouth

Question 51

when would you give carafate? When would you not?

Answer 51

cautioned with pt's with diabetes and kidney disease (sucralfate)

Question 52

medication for short periods of motion sickness

Answer 52

scopolamine

Question 53

medication for long periods of motion sickness

Answer 53

antihistamine