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LPN LOADING... > gastrointestinal pharm. exam > Flashcards

gastrointestinal pharm. exam Flashcards

1
Q

what is the top priority for a patient taking capsules?

A

the pt needs to swallow it whole

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2
Q

define a proton pump inhibitor

A

inhibits pump from secreting too much acid

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3
Q

most common side effect of antacids

A

constipation

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4
Q

what medication sticks to ulcers?

A

carafate

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5
Q

What antibiotic clears H. pylori

A

clarithromycin

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6
Q

antispasmodic meds relax…

A

the muscles

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7
Q

causes of constipation

A

iron, diet, meds, and hydration

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8
Q

an older adult is given medication. What do they need to report?

A

confusion

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9
Q

What two medications reduce stomach acid?

A

antihistamines and proton pump inhibiters

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10
Q

What helps with incontinence, reduces frequency/urgency, and stops spasms?

A

antispasmodic medications

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11
Q

What is important for oral health?

A

medications, odor, dry mouth, and dental Hx

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12
Q

What is a crucial aspect of Miralax?

A

retention

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13
Q

If a child takes Ditropan they most likely take it for…?

A

bed wetting

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14
Q

A nurse should tell the mother of a 11 month old to increase…?

A

fluids

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15
Q

normal bowel function

A

at least every 3 days

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16
Q

If a pt has constipation. What should be increased?

A

fluids/water

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17
Q

To prevent the spread of diarrhea

A

wash hands

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18
Q

If a patient takes a fleet enema everyday

A

instruct them to stop (increase fruits and leafy greens and fiber supplements)

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19
Q

overactive bladder syndrome treatment goal is?

A

decrease frequency and reduce urinary urge

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20
Q

magnesium hydroxide action (lubricant laxative)

A

lubricates intestinal wall and helps smooth passage of fecal matter

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21
Q

stool softeners do not cause…?

A

peristalsis

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22
Q

stimulant laxatives cause?

A

irritation which promotes peristalsis

23
Q

Osmotic laxative action

A

draws water into the intestines causing peristalsis

24
Q

list 3 antiemetics

A

droperidol, ondansetron, and dexamethasone

25
Q

osmotic laxatives

A

polyethylene glycol, lactulose, and glycerin

26
Q

3 causes of diarrhea

A

enzyme deficiency, excessive use of laxatives, and drug therapy

27
Q

for pt’s who are given laxatives routinely administer with a…?

A

full glass of water

28
Q

criteria for chronic constipation

A

present for 3 months

29
Q

medications that cause constipation

A

morphine, codeine, and anticholinergic agents

30
Q

______ containing magnesium may also cause diarrhea

A

Antacids

31
Q

Name 3 complications associated with prolonged/severe diarrhea

A

dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and exhaustion

32
Q

define constipation

A

infrequent stools or difficult stool passage

33
Q

if a pt is experiencing painful spasms. What should be administered?

A

pyridium

34
Q

pt has a distended and tender abdomen. What is the priority assessment?

A

pt may be impacted

35
Q

Name the most common diarrhea medication

A

immodium (loperimide hydrochloride)

36
Q

with any GU and GI what do you increase?

A

fluids

37
Q

if a pt should not strain during deification? what should you give them?

A

stool softener

38
Q

thrush(candidas) treatment

A

nistatin (antifungal)

39
Q

what organism causes peptic ulcers?

A

H.pylori

40
Q

condition of lack of saliva?

A

xerostomia (saliva substitutes)

41
Q

adverse effects of pyridium

A

reddish-orange urine is common and yellowing of the skin and the eyes is adverse

42
Q

psyllium nurse intervention

A

give with a full glass of water

43
Q

medication for reflux and gastroparesis

A

regalin(metoclopramide)

44
Q

medications for motion sickness

A

dramamine and benadryl)

45
Q

most common symptom of reflux

A

heartburn

46
Q

What can H.pylori cause?

A

peptic ulcers

47
Q

common side effects of meds for constipation

A

abdominal cramping

48
Q

what med may cause jaw and neck spasms

A

regalin

49
Q

what meds prevent nausea?

A

antimetics

50
Q

pt gets antispasmodics for urinary spasms. What may they experience?

A

dry mouth

51
Q

when would you give carafate? When would you not?

A

cautioned with pt’s with diabetes and kidney disease (sucralfate)

52
Q

medication for short periods of motion sickness

A

scopolamine

53
Q

medication for long periods of motion sickness

A

antihistamine

LPN LOADING... (23 decks)

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