CARDIAC Pharm. exam

Question 1

rate and rhythm of electrical
activity and muscle contractions are
regulated by what?

Answer 1

the pacemaker cells of the sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 2

electrical impulses are conducted by what ions?

Answer 2

sodium, calcium, and potassium

Question 3

T/F: Troponins are present in healthy people

Answer 3

False: Troponins are only present in more than trace amounts after a cardiac event. They last from 3-5hrs after the event up to 14-21 days after

Question 4

You are reviewing the chart of a PT who is receiving heparin therapy for a DVT. Which intervention should the RN anticipate taking if the PTs aPTT is 96 seconds?

1. Increase heparin infusion rate by 2mL/hr
2. Continue monitor the heparin infusion as prescribed
3. Request a prothrombin time PT
4. Stop the heparin infusion

Answer 4

4. Stop the heparin infusion- pt is above the therapeutic range of 1-5-2 times the control. should discontinue to prevent harm

Question 5

ER nurse is assessing PT with bradydysrhythmia. Which finding should he expect?

1. Confusion
2. Friction Rub
3. HTN
4. Dry skin

Answer 5

1. Confusion- as a result of decreased tissue perfusion

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to treat atrial fibrillation. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking verapamil because it can cause the client to experience which of the following conditions?

Answer 6

Hypotension

Question 7

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for losartan to treat hypertension. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following findings could indicate an adverse reaction to the drug and needs to be reported?

Answer 7

Facial Edema

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a diuretic. The nurse should instruct the client to include which of the following foods in their diet to increase potassium intake?

Answer 8

Raisins

Question 9

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following manifestations is a potential adverse effect of the drug?

Answer 9

Headache

Question 10

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dobutamine. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider if the client is receiving which of the following types of drugs?

Answer 10

MAOI, General Anesthetic, Tricyclic antidepressant, Beta Blocker

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for propranolol to treat a tachydysrhythmia. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following types of over the counter drugs while taking propranolol?

Answer 11

NSAIDS

Question 12

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for quindine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Answer 12

Monitor your pulse rate and report changes

Question 13

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking a loop diuretic and is experiencing a thready, irregular pulse, orthostatic hypotension, and confusion. The nurse should identify that these manifestations indicate which of the following adverse effects?

Answer 13

Hypokalemia

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a client who will begin using transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. When speaking to the client about the drug, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Answer 14

• Apply the patch to a hairless skin area and rotate sites
• Apply a new patch when you start the day
• Remove patches 10 to 12 hours each day

Question 15

A nurse should recognize that milrinone is contridicated for a client who has which of the following conditions?

Answer 15

Acute myocardial infarction

Question 16

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Answer 16

• Report any new tolerance to fried foods.
• Report muscle tenderness.
• Expect periodic liver function testing is correct.

Question 17

A nurse is caring for a client who has glomerular filtration rate of 10 mL/min and a reduced urine output. The nurse should clarify a prescription for hydrochlorothizaide for this client because of which of the following characteristics of the drug?

Answer 17

The drug does not promote diuresis for patients who have renal insufficiency

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking atorvastatin and has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. The nurse should recognize that this drug combination places the client at an increased risk for which of the following adverse effects?

Answer 18

Myopathy

Question 19

A nurse is reviewing new prescriptions with a client who has heart disease. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following drugs is prescribed to treat hypercholesterolemia?

Answer 19

Simvastatin

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this drug?

Answer 20

Grapefruit Juice

Question 21

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin captopril therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report because it can indicate a need to discontinue drug therapy?

Answer 21

• Rash-Distorted taste
• Swelling of tongue
• Dry cough

Question 22

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking spironolactone to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client laboratory value requires immediate intervention?

Answer 22

Potassium of 5.2 mEq/L

Question 23

A nurse is administering hydrochlorothiazide to a client who has arthritis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that indicates an adverse effect of this drug?

Answer 23

Hyperuricemia

Question 24

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for aliskiren to treat hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the drug?

Answer 24

• Hyperkalemia
• Throat swelling
• Cough

Question 25

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking carvedilol and has a prescription for an oral antidiabetic drug to manage their new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. By taking both drugs concurrently, the nurse should identify that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following conditions?

Answer 25

Hypoglycemia

Question 26

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider if the client has a history of which of the following conditions?

Answer 26

Second-degree AV block

Question 27

A nurse should identify that which of the following drugs is used only for the short term treatment of a cardiac dysrhythmia because of the serious adverse effects associated with long term use?

Answer 27

Procainamide

Question 28

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin and develops changes on their ECG tracing and other maneifestations that indicate the client has severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to treat this complication?

Answer 28

Antigen-binding fragments

Question 29

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking simvastatin (Zocor) to treat hypercholesterolemia. The health care professional should tell the patient to report which of the following indications of a serious adverse reaction that could warrant stopping drug therapy?

Answer 29

Muscle Pain

Question 30

A nurse is caring for a client who has a depressive disorder and requires a prescription drug to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicted for this client?

Answer 30

Reserpine