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patyi nalang mi > MATERNAL RLE midterm > Flashcards

MATERNAL RLE midterm Flashcards

1
Q

is a protein that can be found on the surface of red blood cells

A

The Rh factor

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2
Q

other name for RH factor

A

rhesus factor

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3
Q

rhesus, factor was discovered in

A

1940

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4
Q

who is the discoverer of RH factor

A

K. Landsteiner and A. S. Wiener

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5
Q

A person with the Rh factor on his or her red blood cells is said to be

A

Rh-positive (Rh+ ).

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6
Q

Since this person has the factor, he or she will not make

A

anti-Rh antibodies.

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7
Q

A person without the Rh factor on their red blood cells is said to be

A

Rh-Negative (Rh- ).

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8
Q

if RH negative This person WILL produce

A

anti Rh antibodies.

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9
Q

If mother is Rh- and the fetus is Rh+, A condition called

A

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

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10
Q

Rh Antigen, also called

A

Rhesus antigens

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11
Q

are transmembrane proteins expressed at the surface of erythrocytes.

A

Rhesus antigens

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12
Q

The Rh antigens are inherited as a genetically linked group known as

A

a haplotype.

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13
Q

Rh antigens are highly immunogenic, the ___ antigen is most potent

A

D

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14
Q

Exposure to less than 1 ml of Rh-positive red cells can stimulate

A

Ab production in an Rh-negative person.

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15
Q

is an inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells.

A

Rhesus (Rh) factor

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16
Q

determines the expression of the D antigen

A

RHD gene

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17
Q

determines the expression of the C, c, E, and e antigens

A

RHCE gene

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18
Q

is one of the most polymorphic and immunogenic systems known in humans.

A

Rh blood group system

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19
Q

the second most important system.

A

Rh system

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20
Q

is the most common cause of severe HDN and can cause in Utero death.

A

anti-D

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21
Q

A problem can occur when a woman who has Rh-negative blood becomes pregnant with a baby that has Rh-positive blood. This is called

A

Rh incompatibility

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22
Q

If the blood of an Rh-positive baby mixes with the blood of an Rh-negative mother during pregnancy or delivery, the mother’s immune system makes antibodies. This antibody response is called

A

Rh sensitization

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23
Q

PUFT

A

Para-perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness

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24
Q

NSVD

A

Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery

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25
Q

CVS

A

chorionic villus sampling

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26
Q

An Rh-negative woman also can make antibodies after:

A

Miscarriage
Ectopic pregnancy
Induced abortion

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27
Q

Rh incompatibility also can cause

A

jaundice in a newborn

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28
Q

The process in which mother’s body will try to fight them off by producing antibodies against them.

A

SENSITIZATION

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29
Q

is when a baby dies in the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy.

A

Stillbirth

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30
Q

Rhesus disease causes a build-up of excessive amounts of a substance called

A

bilirubin

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31
Q

a build-up of bilirubin in the brain can lead to a neurological condition called

A

kernicterus.

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32
Q

is a condition in which a baby’s red blood cell volume falls below normal levels while the baby is developing in the womb

A

Fetal anemia

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33
Q

These check for Rh positive antibodies in your blood.

A

Blood tests

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34
Q

This test can show enlarged organs or fluid buildup in your baby.

A

Ultrasound

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35
Q

Maternal Blood test

A

The Kleihauer-betke test or flow cytometry

Indirect coombs test

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36
Q

Fetal Blood test

A

The direct Coombs test

Blood count

Billirubin (direct & indirect)

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37
Q

This condition happens when your baby’s organs aren’t able to handle the anemia.

A

Hydrops fetalis

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38
Q

Are Designed to Build Immunity in a Patient

The goal is that the individual’s immune system will create antibodies for those antigens, and become immune to the associated illness.

A

Prophylactic Vaccines

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39
Q

The human ABO blood groups were discovered by Austrian-born American biologist

A

Karl Landsteiner in 1901

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40
Q

found that there are substances in the blood, antigens and antibodies, that induce clumping of red cells when red cells of one type are added to those of a second type.

A

Landsteiner

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41
Q

The surface of the red blood cells contains A antigen, and the plasma has anti-B antibody.

A

Group A

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42
Q

The surface of the red blood cells contains B antigen, and the plasma has anti-A antibody.

A

Group B:

43
Q

The red blood cells have both A and B antigens, but the plasma does not contain anti-A or anti-B antibodies

A

Group AB:

44
Q

The plasma contains both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, but the surface of the red blood cells does not contain any A or B antigens

A

Group O

45
Q

Management of _______________ is a major concern in newborns with ABO incompatibility.

A

hyperbilirubinemia

46
Q

(MRI)

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

47
Q

(CAT scan)

A

Computer Assisted Tomography

48
Q

EMG)

A

Electromyography

49
Q

has been used since 1958 for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.

A

Phototherapy

50
Q

phototherapy causes

A

unconjugated bilirubin to be mobilised

51
Q

is a way of treating jaundice. Special lights help break down the bilirubin in your baby’s skin so that it can be removed from his or her body

A

Phototherapy

52
Q

They deliver light via a quartz halogen bulb and have a tendency to become quite hot so should not be positioned closer to the infant than the manufacturers

A

MICRO WHITE HALOGEN LIGHTS

53
Q

The fluorescent blue tubes must have the serial number F20T12/BB or TL52/20W to be special phototherapy lights

A

FLUORO- 2 BLUE AND 2 WHITE FLUORESCENT LIGHTS

54
Q

is the most effective light for reducing the bilirubin.

A

Blue light

55
Q

This uses a halogen bulb directed into a fiberoptic mat.

A

OHMEDA BILIBLANKET

56
Q

are not to be used on infants less than 28 weeks gestation or infants with broken or reduced skin integrity.

A

Biliblankets

57
Q

They deliver light via a quartz halogen bulb and have a tendency to become quite hot so should not be positioned closer to the infant than the manufacturers recommendations of 52cm.

A

MEDELA BILIBED BLUE FLUORESCENT LIGHT

58
Q

are required for the infants comfort if overhead white or blue fluorescent lights are used

A

Eye pads

59
Q

(prevents
sensitization from occurring)

A

Rh Immunoglobulin

60
Q

Rhesus disease causes a build-up of excessive amounts of a
substance called

A

bilirubin.

61
Q

are abnormal
amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity

A

Ascites

62
Q

refer to the accumulation of excessive fluid in the
pericardium.

A

pericardial
effusions

63
Q

Your baby’s liver can’t handle the large
amount of bilirubin. So your baby’s liver grows too big. Your
baby will still have anemia

A

Severe jaundice.

64
Q

a byproduct of the normal breakdown of red blood
cells, and in newborns, the liver may be immature and
unable to process bilirubin efficiently

A

Bilirubin

65
Q

A life-threatening condition involving fluid
buildup in fetal tissues

A

Hydrops Fetalis-

66
Q

Detecting antibodies attached to RBCs

A

Coombs Test

67
Q

Assessing the newborn’s blood for damage
and hemolysis.

A

Cord Blood Tests

68
Q

Normal, develops after 24 hours,
lasts up to the first week

A

Physiological Jaundice

69
Q

A condition in newborns characterized by high levels of bilirubin
in the blood leading to jaundice

A

HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA (NEONATAL JAUNDICE)

70
Q

Serious, appears within 24 hours,
due to abnormal conditions like ABO-Rh incompatibility.

A

Pathological Jaundice:

71
Q

Develops between days 1-3, peaks
by day 5-15, declines by week 3

A

Breast Milk Jaundice

72
Q

A tool to help mananagement of labor

A

PARTOGRAPH

73
Q

Line between green and yellow is

A

Alert Line

74
Q

Line between yellow and red/pink is

A

Action Line

75
Q

CEMONC

A

Comprehensive
Emergency Obstetric and New born Care

76
Q

LTCS-

A
  • Low Transverse Cesarean Section
77
Q

BTL–

A

Bilateral Tubal Ligation

78
Q

IUFD-

A
  • Intrauterine Fetal Death/Demise
79
Q

TAHBSO–

A

Total Abdominal Hysterectomy with Bilateral
Salpingo-oophorectomy

80
Q

PROM

A

Premature Rupture of Membranes

81
Q

D&C

A

Dilatation/Dilation and Curettage

82
Q

IUGR

A

Intrauterine Growth Restriction/Retardation

83
Q

CPD

A

Cephalo-pelvic Disproportion

84
Q

LGA

A

– Large for Gestational Age

85
Q

SGA

A

Small for Gestational Age

86
Q

RBOW

A

Ruptured Bag of Water

87
Q

LOA

A

Left Occiput Anterior

88
Q

HDN-

A

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn

89
Q

may indicate decrease
in oxygenation

A

“central cyanosis”

90
Q

normal in a newborn (hands, feet, and lips
are bluish in color)

A

Acrocyanosis

91
Q

appears on the second of third day of life as result
of the breakdown of fetal rbc.

A

Jaundice

92
Q

sign of anemia, watch closely for signs of blood in
the stool or vomit

A

Pallor

93
Q

when a newborn lying on his side appears
red on the dependent side and pale on the upper side does
not have any clinical significance

A

Harlequin Sign

94
Q

white cream cheese-like substance washed
away in the first bath

A

Vernix Caseosa-

95
Q
  • fine, downy hair that covers the shoulders, arms and
    back of the newborn would be rubbed away by the friction of the
    bedding and clothes of the newborn
A

Lanugo

96
Q

0.05ml

ID

R Deltoid

A

BCG

97
Q

Six weeks
3 doses
0.5 ml
IM
Vas Ltrls.

A

DPT

98
Q

Six weeks
3 doses
2-3 drops
PO
Mouth

A

OPV

99
Q

At birth
3 doses
0.5 ml
IM
VasLateralis

A

HEPA B

100
Q

Nine months
1 dose
0.5 ml
subcu.
Rightdeltoid

A

MEASLES

101
Q

Mothers with Type O blood can develop
anti-A or anti-B antibodies that attack a fetus with blood types
A, B, or AB.

A

ABO Incompatibility

102
Q
  • Rh-negative mothers exposed to
    Rh-positive fetal blood develop antibodies that may harm
    subsequent Rh-positive pregnancies
A

Rh Incompatibility

103
Q

Stimulates red blood cell production
when bone marrow cannot compensate for hemolysis

A

ERYTHROPOIETIN THERAPY-

104
Q
A

patyi nalang mi (14 decks)

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