CHN PRELIM EXAM Flashcards
“The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging
life, promoting health and efficiency through the
organized efforts and informed choices of society,
organizations, public and private communities, and
individuals
Public Health:
Father of Public Health
-Dr. Charles Edward Winslow
is dedicated to the common attainment
of the highest level of physical, mental and social wellbeing and longevity consistent with available
knowledge and resources at a given time and place.
Public health
is the art of applying science in the
context of politics so as to reduce inequalities in health
while ensuring the best health for the greatest number.
Public health
refers to all organized measures (whether public or
private) to prevent disease, promote health, and
prolong life among the population as a whole.
Public Health
the science of protecting and improving the health of
people and their communities
Public Health
is the collective level of overall
health for a group of people who live, work, or play
together. A community can be defined by geography,
but it can also be groups of employees or members of a
similar cultural group
Community health
impacts everything-educational
achievement, safety and crime, people’s ability to work
and be financially healthy, life expectancy, happiness
and more,”
Community health
is defined as the practice of
promoting and protecting the health of populations
using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health
sciences
Public health nursing
Public health nursing practice focuses on
population
health
created Sanitary
Divisions. The president of the sanitary division
(forerunners of the present Municipal Health
Officers) took charge of two or three
municipalities
Fajardo Act. (Act No. 2156)
was rendered by a nurse
employed by the Bureau of Health in Tacloban,
Leyte
School Nursing
The newly created Section of Puericulture
Center of the Bureau of Hospitals had ________ as Chief.
Mrs.
Teresa Malgapo
The first training center of the Bureau of
Health was organized in cooperation with
Pasay City Health Department
Philippine Congress approved __________ , or the Rural Health Law
Republic Act
No. 1082
was approved amending
Sections 2, 3, 4, and 8 of R.A. 1082
“Strengthening Health and Dental Services in
the Rural Areas and Providing Funds”
Republic Act 1891
In the merged Bureau of Disease Control and
Mental Health, _____________________
was appointed as Nursing Program Supervisor
and served as consultant on the nursing
aspects of the 5s special diseases
Mrs. Zenaida Panlilio-Nince
5s special diseases:
Leprosy,
Venereal Disease,
Cancer,
Filariasis
reorganized the
Department of Health and created several
offices and services within the Department of
Health.
Executive Order No. 119
According to ____________
The utilization of the Nursing Process in the
Different Levels of Clientele-Individuals,
Families, Population Groups and Communities,
concerned with the Promotion of Health,
Prevention of Disease and Disability and
Rehabilitation
Dr. Araceli Maglava
is a unique blend of nursing and public health practice
woven into a human service that when properly
developed and applied has a tremendous impact on
human well-being
Community Health Nursing
Is a learned practice discipline with the ultimate goal of
contributing, as individuals and in collaboration with
others, to the promotion of the client’s optimum level
of functioning through teaching and delivery of care.
Community Health Nursing
is part of a nurse job, we teach
our client, to promote health, prevention, and
rehabilitation
Health Teaching
WHO CRAFTED STANDARDS of PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING in THE PHILIPPINES
National League of Phil.
Government Nurses in 2005
created the Office of General Inspection.
Recognization Act No. 2462
were
employed for Maternal and Child Health
Sanitation in manila under a American Nurse
Mrs. G.D Schudder.
Mrs. Casilang
Eustaquio and Mrs. Matilde Azurin
took charge of the public
health nursing work staff was composed
Miss Perlita Clark
The first Filipino nurse supervisor under the
Bureau of Health
Miss Carmen del Rosario
Three schools of Nursing were established:
- Zamboanga General Hospital
School of Nursing in Mindanao
2. Baguio General Hospital in
Northern Luzon
3. Chinese General Hospital School of
Nursing
a ranking supervisor of
the American Red Cross - Philippine Chapter,
was appointed as her replacement
Miss
Genara S. Manongdo,
transferred the
division of Maternal and Child Health of the
Office of Public Welfare Commission to the
Bureau of Health.
Reorganization Act No. 4007
utilizes the
nursing process in the care of the client in the home
setting through home visits and in public health care
facilities. Conducts referral of clients to appropriate
levels of care when necessary
CLINICIAN/HEALTH CARE PROVIDER
: utilizes teaching skills to improve
the health knowledge, skills and attitude of the
individual, family and community. C
HEALTH EDUCATOR
establishes
linkages and collaborative relationships with other
health professionals, movement agencies, the private
sectors, NGO and people’s organizations to address
health problems.
COORDINATOR and COLLABORATOR
monitors and supervises the
performance of midwives and other auxiliary health
workers,
SUPERVISOR
People who have no formal
educational training but have been trained by a health
worker
Auxiliary health workers
influence people to
participate in the overall process of community
development
LEADER and CHANGE AGENT
organizes the nursing service component of
the local health agency or LGU.
MANAGER
participate in the conduct of research
and utilizes research findings in practice
RESEARCHER
Provides direct care to patients, including
administering medications, performing health
assessments,
Caregiver
Teaches individuals and communities about health
promotion, disease prevention, and healthy lifestyles
to improve overall well-being.
Educator
Offers guidance and support to clients dealing with
health-related issues,
Counselor
Connects clients to appropriate healthcare services
and resources based on their specific needs.
Demonstrates healthy behaviors and practices,
serving as an example for the community in
maintaining good health
Role model
Coordinates care for patients, ensuring they receive
the necessary services and follow-up care to improve
health outcomes.
Case manager
Works alongside other healthcare professionals,
organizations, and community members to provide
comprehensive and effective care across different
settings.
Collaborator
Organizes and integrates health services, ensuring that
care delivery is smooth, efficient, and meets the needs
of individuals and the community.
Acts as a link between patients, families, and
healthcare providers to ensure clear and effective
communication
Liaison
Identifies individuals or groups within the community
who are at risk or in need of health interventions and
connects them to appropriate services.
Case finder
Detects and monitors health problems within the
community, ensuring early intervention and
treatment.
Case finder
Conducts screenings and assessments to identify
individuals at risk for certain health conditions.
Case finder
Guides and influences public health initiatives and
nursing teams to improve community health outcomes.
- Leads healthcare teams and community groups to
achieve health goals
Leader
Advocates for and implements changes in healthcare
practices and policies to improve public health.
Change agent
Engages and motivates the community to participate in
health programs and initiatives aimed at improving
population health.
- You initiate any activity or program want to be done in
the community
Community mobilizer
Brings together various stakeholders, such as
community groups, organizations, and healthcare
providers, to collaborate on addressing public health
issues or to promote health
Coalition builder:
Advocates for policies that promote public health and
address health disparities.
- Engages with policymakers to support health-related
legislation and initiatives
Policy advocate
Develops and implements marketing campaigns to
promote healthy behaviors and practices.
- Raises awareness about health issues and available
resources through various media channels.
Social marketer
“no home-birthing policy” implemented iN
2008
restricts lying-in clinics from
accepting certain types of deliveries, including those of
primigravida mothers (first-time mothers) and grandmultigravida mother
Department of Health (DOH) issued Department Circular
No. 2021-0005
Objectives set by the United Nations in 2000 to address
pressing challenges, primarily in developing countries
Millennium development goals (MDG)
aim to
transform our world. They are a call to action to end poverty
and inequality, protect the planet, and ensure that all
people enjoy health, justice and prosperity. It is critical that
no one is left behind.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
is to ensure healthy
lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. But it is also
cross- cutting, so that progress in its implementation
contributes to progress towards other Goals
SDG Goal 3
is global, rather than limited to “developing”
countries as was the case with the Millennium
Development Goals (
The 2030 Agenda
Creation of the Department of Public Works,
Education & Hygiene (now the Department of Public
Works & Highways, Department of Education Culture
& Sports, and Department of Health, respectively)
through the Proclamation of President Emilio
Aguinaldo
23 June 1898
Establishment of the Board of Health for the City of
Manila under General Orders No. 15.
29 September 1898
Abolition of the Board of Health and appointment of
Dr. Guy L Edie as the first Commissioner of Public
1899-1905
creation of the Board of Health for the
Philippine islands; it also acted as the Board
of Health for the city of Manila
Act. No. 157
Establishment of the Provincial and
Municipal Boards of Health, completing the
health organization in accordance with the
teritorial division of the islands.
Acts Nos. 307, 308 and 309
also Reorganization Act
Abolition of the Board of Health and its
functions and activities the were taken over
by the Bureau of Health.
Act. No. 1407
the
provincial Board of Health gave way to the Office of
the District Health Officer
Act No. 1487 of the Philippine
Commission repealing Act No. 307
so-called “Fajardo Act”
Act. No. 2156
what is now
known as the “Health Fund
Act. No. 2156,
Changing of the name of the Bureau of Health to the
Philippine Health Service
also “the Reorganization
Act of 1932”, which created the Office of the
Commissioner of Health and Public Welfare, the
Philippine General Hospital, and the five examining
boards
Act No. 4007
Creation of the Department of Health and Public
Welfare
01 January 1941
Creation of the Department of Health and Public
Welfare
Executive Order No. 317,series of 1941
Reorganization of government offices under
Executive Order No. 94, series of 1947
the
Department of Health gained additional functions
brought about by the transfer of the Institute of
Nutrition
Executive Order No. 392, s. 1950,
The creation of eight regional health offices and two
Undersecretaries of Health: the Undersecretary of
health and the Medical Services and the
Undersecretary of Special Services
1958
The
creation of the Food and Drug Administration,
Bureau of Disease Intelligence Center, Malaria
Eradication Service, Bureau of Dental Health Service,
1971
pursuant to
Presidential Decree No.1, Sept.24, 1972,
Letter of Implementation No. 8
the DOH
was renamed
Ministry of Health
The Ministry was divided into
12 regions
the Health Education
and Manpower Development Service was created,
and the Bureau of Food and Drugs assumed the
functions of the Food and Drug Administration.
Under Executive Order No. 851
placed under the Secretary of Health five
offices headed by an undersecretary and an assistant
secretary.
Executive Order No.
119
Full implementation of Republic Act No. 7160 or
Local Government Code.
1992
The functions and operations of the DOH was
directed to become consistent with the provisions of
Administrative Code 1987 and RA 7160
provisions of Administrative Code 1987 and RA 7160 through
Executive Order 102.
marked the institutionalization of the
Health Sector Reform Agenda (HSRA).
year 2000
endorsed for approval and support by the National
Government Agencies, national and local
stakeholders in health,
HSRA
HSRA meaning
Health Sector Reform
Agenda
contained the guidelines on the operationalization of
the HSRA implementation plan
In July 13, 2001, Administrative Order 37
signer of In July 13, 2001, Administrative Order 37
Manuel Dayrit
The One-Script Systems Improvement Program was
established
(AO 50. S. 2003
as the
health sectors blue print for the implementation of
reforms to bring about better health outcomes, more
responsive health system and more equitable
healthcare financing
FOURmula ONE for Health (F1) 2005
The Presidential Anti-Graft Commission recognized
and awarded the DOH as the number one
government agency in fighting corruption.
2006
aims to provide comprehensive health
services to all Filipinos.
Universal Health Care
known as the National Blood Services Act of
1994
RA 7719
promotes voluntary donation to provide sufficient
supply of safe blood and to regulate blood banks
RA 7719 known as the National Blood Services Act of
1994
Philippines Government introduced a major
devolution of national government services, which included
the first wave of health sector reform, through the
introduction of the
Local Government Code of 1991
In 2012-0012 (series of 0012) or the
“Rules and Regulations
Governing the New Classification of Hospitals and Other
Health Facilities in the Philippines,”
every health facility
shall have an adequate number of qualified, trained, and
competent staff to ensure efficient and effective delivery of
quality services.
“Rules and Regulations
Governing the New Classification of Hospitals and Other
Health Facilities in the Philippines,”
Level 1 is the most basic. According to
Dr. Hartigan-Go,
hospitals under this bracket don’t require intensive care
units (ICU), and cater to patients who need minor care and
supervision.
Level 1 Hospital
provides emergency care and primary services,
Level 1 Hospital
The hospitals must have, at the minimum, an operating
room, a recovery room, maternity facilities, isolation
facilities, a clinical laboratory, an imaging facility and a
pharmacy, all of which should be licensed by the
Department of Health (DOH).
Level 1 Hospital
adds general medicine/surgery and has a nondepartmentalized structure.
Level 2 Hospital
provide basic health services, alongside ICU facilities for
critically ill patients and specialist doctors for gynecology
and pediatric services.
Level 2 Hospital
a departmentalized hospital that provides
specialty services and acts as a teaching hospital
Level 3 Hospital
refers to a hospital which has
been particularly selected to provide tertiary hospital
services, with teaching, training and research functions.
Level 3 Hospital
create a
society in which Filipinos have the means to lead healthy
and productive lives, and have a health system where
Filipinos feel respected, valued and empowered in all of
their interactions with the system
The Philippine Health Agenda 2016-2022
The PHA aims to
(1) ensure the best health outcomes for all,
without socio-economic, ethnic, gender, and geographic
disparities;
(2) promote health and deliver healthcare
through means that respect, value, and empower clients
and patients as they interact with the health system; and
(3)
protect all families especially the poor
It is an essential health care based on practical, scientifically
sound and socially acceptable methods and technology
made universally accessible to individuals and families in the
community through their full participation and at a cost that
the community and the country can afford to maintain at
every stage of their development in the spirit of selfdetermination”.
Primary Health Care (PHC)
held a historical international conference on
primary health care in Alma-Ata, then the capital of
Kazakhstan.
World Health Organization (WHO)
and United Nations International Children’s Emergency
Fund (UNICEF)
WHEN DID THE World Health Organization (WHO)
and United Nations International Children’s Emergency
Fund (UNICEF) held a historical international conference on
primary health care in Alma-Ata,
In September 1978
promoted the progressive
strengthening of units of services and of local capacities
(which in many countries would be called the primary care
level) and that subsequently would serve as a basis for new
approaches to social policies.
Primary health care
October 19, 1979- Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949, the legal
basis of PHC was signed by
Pres. Ferdinand E. Marcos
adopted PHC as an approach towards the design,
development and implementation of programs focusing on
health development at community level.
October 19, 1979- Letter of Instruction (LOI) 949
to prioritize
community-level health development and integrate health
with the national development program in the Philippines.
purpose of Letter of Instructions No. 949
essential to a person for leading
sound health throughout the life. This includes physical,
mental, and social well-being of all people at all times.
Primary health care (PHC) i
provide patients with ready access to
their own personal physician and health care team.
Primary care practices
this is the first and most
important key to PHC. Healthcare services must be equally
shared by all the people of the community irrespective of
their race, creed or economic status
Accessibility (equal distribution):
this includes meaningful
involvement of the community in planning, implementing
and maintaining their health services.
Community participation
: involves all the important issues of
health education, nutrition, sanitation, maternal and child
health, and prevention and control of endemic diseases.
Health promotion
technology that is scientifically
sound, adaptable to local needs, and acceptable to those
who apply it and for whom it is used.
Appropriate technology:
