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Community Health > Maternal, Infant and Child Health > Flashcards

Maternal, Infant and Child Health Flashcards

1
Q

Define Maternal, Infant, and Child Health

A

The health of women of childbearing age & that of the child up to adolescence

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2
Q

Why is the health of maternal infants and children important?

A

The stats are regarded as important indicators of the effectiveness of disease prevention and health promotion services, and risk factors specified can be reduced or prevented with early intervention of educational programs and preventative med services for women, infants, and children

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3
Q

Do disparities exist?

A

Yes between white and black people, income, culture, etc.

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4
Q

What is the first step in ensuring health children?

A

Recognizing that children face other concerns that can put them at risk for poor health. Called new morbidities

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5
Q

Examples of new morbidities

A

social/family environments, behaviors, economic security, and education

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6
Q

Modern Family Definition

A

2+ persons who are joined together by bonds of sharing and emotional closeness & who identify themselves as being part of a family

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7
Q

Why has cohabitation increased today?

A

Changes in societal norms and because couples don’t wish to get married

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8
Q

Why has the percentage of unmarried women risen today?

A

Due to increase cohabitatio, delays in childbearing, & changes in societal norm

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9
Q

What are some adverse consequences of teen births?

A

more likely poor birth outcomes (lbw+premature birth), more likely drop out of high school, more reliant on public assistance, more likely to live in poverty, daughters more likely to become teen moms, & sons more likely to end up imprisoned

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10
Q

What is family planning?

A

determining the preferred number & spacing of children + choosing the appropriate means to accomplish it

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11
Q

What does family planning provide?

A

provides screenings, preconceptual care, contraceptives, counseling, & further education

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12
Q

What does family planning prevent and define it?

A

unintentional pregnancy = a pregnancy that at the time of conception is either mistimed (the women did not want to be pregnant until later)/unwanted (the women did not want to be pregnant at any time)

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13
Q

What is Title x?

A

a portion of the Public Health Services Act of 1970 that provides funding for family planning for low income ppl via state health dep. /regional agencies that subcontract w/ local agencies & clinics

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14
Q

What is the rule called that limits Family planning clinics that are recieving family funds and what is it?

A

gag rule = regulations that barred physicians and nurses in clinics receiving fed. funds from counseling clients about abortion

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15
Q

An example of a family planning organization?

A

planned parenthood federation of america

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16
Q

Who is Mary Sanger

A

women who was originally a maternity nurse, advocated for birth control

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17
Q

What did Mary Sanger declare/ believe in?

A

women had the right to experience sexual pleasure & that freeing them from the fear of pregnancy would assist women in achieving this

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18
Q

What did Mary Sanger due to promote the cause?

A

wrote articles about sex ed, birth control rights, and women’s health despite
eventually went on to found national birth control league and start birth control movement

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19
Q

Why was Mary Sanger arrested?

A

The movement she did was not very popular and was not something openly discussed about.

(not sure if this is the right answer)

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20
Q

Planned Parenthood Federation of America

A

the largest voluntary reproductive health org. in the nation
national birth control league merged with family planning clinics

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21
Q

Roe v. Wade

A

supreme court decision that made it unconstitutional for state laws to prohibit abortions in the first trimester for any reason & placed restrictions on the conditions under which states could regulate them in the second & third trimester

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22
Q

Why was the Roe v. Wade case important?

A

it gave women constitutional protection & right in the first term

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23
Q

Define Pro-life and what does this side believe in?

A

a medical/ethical position that holds that performing an abortion is an act of murder
life begins at conception

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24
Q

Define Pro-choice and what does this side believe in?

A

a medical/ethical position that holds that women have a right to reproductive freedom without gov. interference

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25
Q

Preconception Health care

A

medical care provided to a women of reproductive age to promote health prior to conception
there can be individulaized care for men and women

26
Q

Why is preconception health care important?

A

reduce maternal/fetal illness+mortality, increase success of conception, & provide contraceptive ed

27
Q

Prenatal health care

A

medical care provided to a pregnant women from the time of conception until the birth process occurs

28
Q

What does Prenatal health care services provide?

A

Tests to assess potential risks
Treat any maternal or fetal pregnancy complications
track growth and development of the mother and child

29
Q

WHat are the leading causes of infant mortality?

A

congenital malfunctions, preterm birth/low birth weight, sids, problems related to pregnancy, & accidents

30
Q

neonatal mortality

A

death in 1st 28 days

31
Q

Postneotal mortality

A

death 28-365 days after birth

32
Q

Premature birth

A

born prior to 37 weeks of gestation

33
Q

Why are premature babies and low birth weight babies a challenge for the community?

A

they’re an economic burden (use of neonatal intensive care, maternal care services, early intervention services, special education, & lost labor productivity)

34
Q

What are some risk factors for a premature birth?

A

inductions, woman’s past history if preterm delivery, multiple fetuses, late/no prenatal care, cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, using illegal drugs, exposure to domestic violence, lack of social support, low income, diabetes, anemia, high blood pressure, obesity, being <17+35<

35
Q

Low birth weight infant (number)

A

Less than 5.5 lbs

36
Q

What are 2 major causes of low brith weight infant?

A

premature birth & intrauterine growth rate

37
Q

What is cigarette smoking related with?

A

preterm deliveries, preterm-related deaths, and sudden infant death syndrome

38
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome

A

a group of abnormalities that may include growth retardation, abnormal appearance of face+head, & deficits of central nervous system function, including mental retardation, in babies born to mothers who’ve consumed heavy amounts of alcohol during their pregnancies

other drugs can have a equally harmful impacts on infant/fetus

39
Q

What breastfeeding advantages for infants?

A

receive substance in milk that helps resist. infection/other disease

40
Q

What are breastfeeding advantages for mothers?

A

reduces post partum bleeding, earlier return to prepregnancy weight, & reduces risk of osteoporosis

41
Q

sudden infant death syndrome

A

udden unanticipated death of an infant in whom, after examination, there is no recognized cause of death

42
Q

What is the greatest risk for sudeen infant death syndrome?

A

sleeping on side/ stomach
should only sleep on back

43
Q

What are the leading causes of child hood mortality?

A

unintentional injuries, particularly those caused by motor vehicle accidents

44
Q

Leading causes of mortality for ages 1-4?

A

unintentional injury, congenital malformations, cancer, homicide

45
Q

Leading causes of mortality for ages 5-9?

A

unintentional injury, cancer, congenital malformations, homicide

46
Q

Leading causes of mortality for ages 10-14?

A

unintentional injury, cancer, suicide, homicide

47
Q

What is the leading cause of child injury?

A

drowning, falls, fires/burns, poisoning, suffocation, & injuries related to transportation
Toddler- drowing
Older children: trasnportation related injury

48
Q

Child abuse forms

A

physical (hitting the child), sexual, neglect (leaving alone), abandonment (leaving home alone for long periods of time), emotional (not supporting child/constantly putting them down, unrealistic expectations), threats to harm the child, and exploitation (child labor)

49
Q

What is the impact of child abuse on a child?

A

victim may need therapy & carry into their adulthood, also develop trust issues

50
Q

Are vaccines important for children?

A

Yes

51
Q

categorical programs

A

programs available only to ppl who can be categorized into a grp based on specific variables

52
Q

Title V

A

only fed. legislation dedicated to promoting/improving the health of our nation’s mothers & children

53
Q

Women, Infants, and Children Program

A

a clinic-based program designed to provide a variety of nutritional and health-related goods and services to pregnant, postpartum, and breastfeeding women, infants, and children under 5

54
Q

What type of organization is Children’s Defense Fund?

A

Private, non-profit

55
Q

What type of organization is United Nations Children’s Fund?

A

children-exclusive organization

56
Q

What is the mission of American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)?

A

Attainment of optimal physical, mental, and social health and well being for all infants, children, adolescents, and young adults

57
Q

American Academy of Pediatrics Activities

A

Research
Youth advocacy
Public/professional education

58
Q

How are teen pregnancies a burden for mother?

A

Social and financial burden, more likely to result in serious health consequences, not finish school/get married

59
Q

How are teen pregnancies a burden for infant?

A

More likely to result in serious health consequences, premature, LBW, and die during first year of life

60
Q

How are teen pregnancies a burden for community?

A

Live on public assistance, live in poverty, increased healthcare costs

61
Q

What is the mission of Children’s Defense Funds?

A

Advocate and provide for poor, minority, and handicapped children and their families
Encourage preventative investment in children before sickness

62
Q

What is the mission of united Nation’s Children’s Funds?

A

Works with other UN members and underdeveloped countries
Community-based service in primary healthcare
Basic education
Safe water and sanitation

Community Health (9 decks)

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