Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Mass Transport- Circulatory System > Flashcards

Mass Transport- Circulatory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do multicellular organisms need?

A

A specialised transport system to carry raw materials from specialised exchange organs to their body cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the circulatory system made up of?

A

The heart and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the heart do?

A

Pumps blood through blood vessels to reach different parts of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does blood transport?

A

Respiratory gases, products of digestion, metabolic wastes and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What blood vessel goes to the lungs carrying deoxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?

A

Vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the liver?

A

Hepatic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the kidneys?

A

Renal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys?

A

Renal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the liver?

A

Hepatic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

A

Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs?

A

Pulmonary vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the double circulatory system?

A

One circuit takes blood from the heart to the lungs then back to the heart, the other loop takes blood around the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are coronary arteries?

A

The hearts own blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the role of arteries?

A

Carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the walls of the arteries like?

A

Thick and muscular

17
Q

What is the role of the elastic tissue in arteries?

A

Stretch and recoil as the heart beats to help maintain the high pressure

18
Q

Why is the endothelium of arteries folded?

A

To allow the artery to stretch and helps maintain high pressure

19
Q

Do arteries carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

All carry oxygenated blood except for the pulmonary arteries which take deoxygenated blood to the lungs

20
Q

What are arterioles?

A

Smaller vessels that arteries divide into and then form a network around the body

21
Q

How is blood directed to different areas of demand in the body?

A

By muscles inside the arterioles

22
Q

What is the role of the arterioles?

A

Contract or restrict the blood flow or relax to allow full blood flow

23
Q

What is the role of veins?

A

Take blood back to the heart under low pressure

24
Q

How is the structure of veins different to arteries?

A

Have a wider lumen with very little elastic or muscle tissue and they have valves

25
Q

What is the purpose of valves in the veins?

A

Stop blood flowing backwards

26
Q

How is blood flow through the veins helped?

A

By contraction of body muscles surrounding them

27
Q

Do veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

All carry deoxygenated blood because oxygen has been used up by body cells, except for the pulmonary veins which carry oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs

28
Q

Which is the smallest blood vessel?

A

Capillaries

29
Q

How are capillaries adapted for efficient diffusion?

A
  • Always found very near cells inn exchange tissues so there’s a short diffusion pathway
  • Walls are only one cell thick
  • Large number of capillaries to increase surface area
30
Q

What is tissue fluid?

A

The fluid that surrounds cells in tissues

31
Q

What is tissue fluid made from?

A

Small molecules that leave the blood plasma (eg. oxygen, water, nutrients)

32
Q

Why doesn’t tissue fluid contain red blood cells or big proteins?

A

They’re too large to be pushed out through the capillary walls

33
Q

What happens in the capillary bed?

A

Substances move out of capillaries into tissue fluid by pressure filtration

34
Q

What do cells take in and release from tissue fluid?

A

Take in oxygen and nutrients, release metabolic waste

35
Q

What is the hydrostatic pressure at either end of the capillary bed?

A

Greater at the arteriole end

36
Q

What does greater hydrostatic pressure in the capillary bed than in the tissue fluid mean?

A

An overall outward pressure forces fluid out of capillaries and into spaces around the cells, so tissue fluid is formed

37
Q

What happens to hydrostatic pressure as the fluid leaves?

A

Reduces in the capillaries so pressure is much lower at venule end

38
Q

Why is water potential at the venule end of the capillary lower than the water potential of the tissue fluid and what does this mean?

A

Due to the fluid loss and the remaining plasma proteins, so water moves by osmosis from tissue fluid to capillary

39
Q

What happens to any excess tissue fluid?

A

It is drained into the lymphatic system which transports it back to the circulatory system

Biology (79 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions