marxist theory

Question 1

According to Marxists, capitalism is based on _______.

Answer 1

oppression and economic exploitation of the majority

This perspective emphasizes the systemic inequalities inherent in capitalist systems.

Question 2

Capitalism creates a _______ world in which greed, violence, and corruption flourish.

Answer 2

dog eat dog

This phrase illustrates the competitive and often ruthless nature of capitalist societies.

Question 3

Marxists state that crime happens as a result of _______ and _______.

Answer 3

inequality and poverty

This highlights the social conditions that can lead to criminal behavior.

Question 4

The capitalist society drives people to crime because it encourages a culture of _______.

Answer 4

envy

This culture can lead individuals to commit crimes as a reaction to perceived social inequalities.

Question 5

According to Gordon, the ideology of capitalism encourages criminal behavior in _______.

Answer 5

all social classes

This suggests that the pressures of capitalism affect everyone, regardless of their economic status.

Question 6

In capitalism, the need to win at all costs can lead capitalists to commit _______ crimes.

Answer 6

white collar

These crimes include non-violent financial offenses such as fraud and embezzlement.

Question 7

Capitalism encourages a culture of envy among _______ sections of society.

Answer 7

poorer

This can create a sense of desperation that may lead to criminal acts.

Question 8

In a capitalist society, crime is not absolute; some crimes are dealt with more _______ than others.

Answer 8

harshly

This indicates a disparity in how different types of crimes are prosecuted and punished.

Question 9

Property theft and benefit fraud are punished more harshly than _______ and _______.

Answer 9

embezzlement and tax evasion

This reflects the unequal treatment of crimes based on social status.

Question 10

Chambliss argues that the rich create the laws, such as the _______ law.

Answer 10

vagrancy

This illustrates how laws can be designed to control marginalized populations.

Question 11

Althusser identifies two institutions for controlling the proletariat: the repressive state apparatus and the _______ state apparatus.

Answer 11

ideological

This distinction emphasizes different methods of social control.

Question 12

The repressive state apparatus includes the ________, armed forces, police, and criminal justice system.

Answer 12

government

These entities control society through formal means, often involving violence.

Question 13

The ideological state apparatus consists of ________, family, education, and religion.

Answer 13

media

These agents exert influence through beliefs and ideologies rather than direct force.

Question 14

The ideological state apparatus shows us those who are ‘deviant’ as a warning and helps to _______ us.

Answer 14

divide

This serves to maintain social control by instilling fear and uncertainty.

Question 15

The repressive state apparatus controls society through _______.

Answer 15

violence

This underscores the coercive methods used to maintain order.

Question 16

The ideological state apparatus controls us more _______.

Answer 16

subtly

This indicates a more insidious form of social control through ideology.