Marriage

Question 1

What is Exogamy?

Answer 1

It is expected marriage outside a specific group of people.
Benefit: extent resources between groups
We find it in society with simple division of labou (H&G, Hrcltr: low population)

Question 2

What is Endogamy?

Answer 2

It is expected marriage within a specific group of people.
Benefit: preserve resources within the group
We find it in society with complex division of labor
Eg: in the US, it is race and class. Sometimes religion.

Question 3

What is Combination of Marriage?

Answer 3

It is how many people there are in a marriage

Question 4

What is Monogamy?

Answer 4

It is 2 people in a marriage.

It allows neolocality.

Question 5

What is Serial monogamy?

Answer 5

It is a person divorces and remarries
Benefit: one can get out of a bad situation
Eg: 1920s: America, legal but non normative
2005: illegal in Chile
2019: illegal in Philippines and Vatican city

Question 6

What is Polygamy?

Answer 6

It is at least 3 people in a marriage.

Benefit: economy of scale (cheaper/ easier with more people)

Question 7

What is Polygyny?

Answer 7

It is 1 man marries at least 2 women.
Benefit: For the husband, prestige (status & respect). For the first wife, prestige (title), helper and companion.
For the second wife, stable resources.
It is found in cultures with warfare and mechanism to prevent young men for getting married early.
It allows all fertile women to bear legitimate children.

Question 8

What is Sororal polygyny?

Answer 8

It is one man marries at least two sisters.

Benefit: to reduce friction in the household

Question 9

What is Polyandry?

Answer 9

It is one woman marries at least two husbands.

Benefit: more resources

Question 10

What is Fraternal polyandry?

Answer 10

It is one woman marries at least two brothers.
Benefit: diversify income.
We find it in culture where there is the idea of family as brothers.

Question 11

What is Group marriage?

Answer 11

It is 2 man marries at lest 2 woman.

Benefit: specific to the culture; children always be taken care of.

Question 12

What is Levirate?

Answer 12

A man is expected to marry his dead brother’s wife

Question 13

What is Sororate?

Answer 13

A woman is expected to marry her dead sister’s husband.

Question 14

What is marriage exchange?

Answer 14

It is something given between families at a marriage.

Question 15

What is bride price?

Answer 15

It is something is given from the groom’s family to the bride’s family at a marriage.
We find bride price where woman brings in subsistence, mainly horticulture society
It is usually several years worth of value. Eg: 50 cows

Question 16

What is bride service?

Answer 16

It is work that a groom does for a bride’s family.
We find it where woman brings in subsistence but in a low material cultures: H n G, Hrtcltr
4 < x < 10 years

Question 17

What is bride exchange?

Answer 17

It is groups exchange women in marriage.

It is de facto warfare alliance.

Question 18

What is dowry?

Answer 18

It is something given by the bride’s family to the groom’s family at a marriage.
We find it where women depend on men for subsistence: intensive agriculture
Women are under immense pressure to give birth to boys.

Question 19

What is cross cousin?

Answer 19

It is the child of the opposite sex sibling of one parent.

Question 20

What is parallel cousin?

Answer 20

It is the child of the same sex sibling of one parent.

Question 21

What is patrilateral?

Answer 21

on the father side

Question 22

What is matrilateral?

Answer 22

on the mother side

Question 23

How to write family tree?

Answer 23

M: mother, F: father, B: brother, Z: sister, S: son, D: daughter, H: husband, W: wife

Question 24

What is postmarital residence pattern?

Answer 24

It is where a newly wed couple lives and based on where the newly wed couple will have the most success.

Question 25

What is patrilocality?

Answer 25

The couple lives with the husband’s father.
Approximately 70-100 people
70% world culture, all subsistence patterns.
We find this when properties are passed down from father to son

Question 26

What is matrilocality?

Answer 26

The couple lives with the wife’s mother.
15% world cultures.
We find it where properties are passed down from mother to daughter by family group.
Men have a lot of work and don’t have rights to children.

Question 27

What is ambilocality?

Answer 27

The couple lives with both or either of the spouses’ families.
In back and forth fashion to decide whoever works best for them.

Question 28

What is Avunculocality?

Answer 28

The couple lives with the husband’s mother’s brother.
We find it where properties passed down from mothers to daughter by family group but male exert strong control.
Eg: Trobriand Islands

Question 29

What is Neolocality?

Answer 29

The couple moves to a place away from both spouses’ families.
We find it where mobility is necessary for subsistence.
Eg: capitalist society, H n G

Question 30

What is Household?

Answer 30

It is people who live together. It is also a primary economic and social unit in society.

Question 31

What is Nuclear family?

Answer 31

It is mother, father and children.

Question 32

What is extended family?

Answer 32

It is nuclear family plus other relatives.