Marine Sanctuaries and Protected areas

Question 1

What is a marine reserve?

Answer 1

A protected area that is a “no-take” zone. Fishing, aquaculture, dredging are prohibited.
Swimming, boating, and scuba diving are permitted.

Question 2

What is an MPA?

Answer 2

Marine Protected Area; often synonymous with marine sanctuary.

Question 3

The National Marine Sanctuary System consists of how many areas?

Answer 3

13

Question 4

When was the National Marine Sanctuary System founded? What was it in response to?

Answer 4

1969; Santa Barbara oil spill.

Question 5

Where is the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary? What activities are allowed?

Answer 5

Off the Pacific coast of California, there’s lobster diving

Question 6

What is significant about the Channel Islands?

Answer 6

Diverse species, cultural significance to the Chumash people, 150 shipwrecks

Question 7

Where is the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary? What activities are not allowed?

Answer 7

Seamount northwest of San Francisco, founded 1989. There are strong currents the deter diving.

Question 8

What is significant about Cordell Bank? (Why is it a sanctuary?)

Answer 8

California Current drives upwelling in the region. Migratory birds breed and humpback and blue whales feeing ground

Question 9

What is significant about the National Marine Sanctuary of the American Samoa (Fagatele Bay)? (Why is it a sanctuary?)

Answer 9

Fringing coral reef ecosystem with the widest variety of life of the entire System.

Question 10

Where is the National Marine Sanctuary of the American Samoa (also known as Fagatele Bay) and when was it founded? When did the name change?

Answer 10

Only 1/4 of a square mile on the coast of Tutulia, American Samoa. 1986. Very recently.

Question 11

What is significant about the Florida Keys and when was it founded?

Answer 11

Contains the only barrier reef in N. America and the largest seagrass in the world. 1990.

Question 12

Where is the Flower Garden Banks National Sanctuary located? When was it founded?

Answer 12

Northwestern Gulf of Mexico, near Port Arthur, Texas. 1992, modified in 1996 (Stetson Bay added)

Question 13

Where is Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary and when was it founded?

Answer 13

Off the coast of Georgia. 1981.

Question 14

What is significant about Gray’s Reef?

Answer 14

It has a “live bottom” (full of life).

Question 15

Where is the Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary and when was it founded?

Answer 15

Off the coast of California (between Monterey Bay and Cordell Banks). 1981.

Question 16

When was the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whales National Marine Sanctuary founded?

Answer 16

1992.

Question 17

Where is the Monitor National Marine Sanctuary? When was it founded?

Answer 17

Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. (Only 1 nautical mile wide). 1975, first in the System.

Question 18

What is significant about Monitor?

Answer 18

Site of the USS Monitor shipwreck

Question 19

Where is the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (MBNMS) and when was it founded?

Answer 19

Off of the coast of California. Largest sanctuary of the System (15,783 square km). Established in 1992.

Question 20

What is significant about Monterey Bay?

Answer 20

Monterey Submarine Canyon, which is deeper than the Grand Canyon

Question 21

Who administers the National Marine Sanctuary System?

Answer 21

NOAA.

Question 22

Where is the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary and when was it founded?

Answer 22

Olympic Peninsula of Washington State. 1994.

Question 23

What is significant about the Olympic Coast?

Answer 23

Upwelling and Native American Cultural significance

Question 24

Where is the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary and when was it founded?

Answer 24

Mouth of Massachusetts Bay, between Cape Cod and Cape Ann.

Question 25

What is significant about Stellwagen Bank?

Answer 25

underwater plateau at about 30-40 m produces upwelling

Question 26

Where is the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and when was it founded?

Answer 26

Lake Huron.

Question 27

What is significant about Thunder Bay?

Answer 27

116 shipwrecks (shipwreck ally)

Question 28

Where is the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument and when was it founded?

Answer 28

Also a World Heritage site, located on the smaller, trailing Hawaiian islands. 2006 (named by George Bush).

Question 29

Who manages Papahānaumokuākea?

Answer 29

Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, and the State of Hawaii.

Question 30

What is the significance of Papahānaumokuākea?

Answer 30

Has both national and cultural resources.

Question 31

What activities are prohibited in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary?

Answer 31

“No-take” zone. Drilling, dredging, or injuring coral are not allowed. Recreational fishing, diving, and swimming are permitted.

Question 32

What activities are prohibited in the Flower Garden Banks?

Answer 32

“No-take” zone. Disturbing loggerheads and rays, anchoring, discharging, fishing except with conventional hook-and-line gear.

Question 33

What is significant about the Greater Farallones?

Answer 33

Protects sea birds, gray whales, seals, great white sharks.

Question 34

What is significant about the Hawaiian Islands sanctuary?

Answer 34

Protects the North Pacific humpback whales that migrate to Hawaii in winter.

Question 35

What is unique about the Hawaiian Islands sanctuary regulations?

Answer 35

There are no “no-take”, “no-wake” zones. Even permits dumping of ship waste.

Question 36

What activities are allowed in Thunder Bay?

Answer 36

Diving, fishing, boating, research and education.

Question 37

What activities are prohibited in Thunder Bay?

Answer 37

Altering the bottom, recovering shipwrecks, etc.