March 14 test 1

Question 1

Sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor used for kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis, has minimal nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, compared to tacrolimus and cyclosporine, but has a risk of….

Answer 1

Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia

Question 2

Pts on MAO inhibitors such as tranylcypromine, Phenelzineu, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline should avoid what?

Answer 2

Tyramine containing foods–cheeses, wine, beer

MAO Takes Pride In Shanghai

Question 3

What is used for a hyper-reflexive bladder that is caused by a transection of the spinal cord ABOVE the sacral cord?

Answer 3

Muscarinic antagonists

• Oxybutynin
• Solifenacin
• Tolterodine

Question 4

What chemo drugs are know to cause cardiotoxicity?

Answer 4

Doxorubicin and daunorubicin–Free radical generators that intercalate in DNA and decrease replication

Question 5

What drug can be given with doxorubicin to decrease its cardiotoxic effects?

Answer 5

Dexrazoxane

Question 6

What is the MOA of botulinum toxin?

Answer 6

Blocks neuromuscular transmission preventing ach release

Question 7

What general anesthetic is known to cause idiosyncratic hepatic failure?

Answer 7

Halothane

Question 8

What causes gray baby syndrome in baby exposed to Chloramphenicol?

Answer 8

Premature infants lack liver UDP-glucuronyl transferase which is responsible for hepatic metabolism of chloramphenicol

Question 9

What drugs are commonly associated with acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 9

Antibiotics--Penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfa drugs
NSAIDs
Diuretics--Thiazides and Furosemide 
Allopurinol 
Cimetidine
PPIs

The P’s

• Pee–diuretics
• Pain-free–NSAIDs
• Penicillins and cephalosporins
• PPIs
• RifamPin

Question 10

What oral hypoglycemic medication should be avoided in pts with renal failure?

Answer 10

Metformin –give Sulfonylurea instead–Glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide

Question 11

What is the major side effect of Fibrates used to lower TGs?

Answer 11

Increased cholesterol content of the bile leads to an increased risk of gallstone formation

Question 12

What anti arrhythmic can cause torsades, hyper/hypothyroid, pulmonary fibrosis, bradycardia, AV block and Blue/gray skin?

Answer 12

Amiodarone–class III anti arrhythmic –K+ channel blocker

Question 13

A disorder characterized by rigidity, myoglobinuria, autonomic instability and hyperpyrexia that is associated with the antipsychotics–Haloperidol and the -azines?

Answer 13

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)–caused by blockage of D2 receptors

Question 14

What class of drug has 1st-dose orthostatic hypotension risk?

Answer 14

a-selective blockers— -zosin’s —used for urinary symptoms of BPH and HTN

Question 15

What drugs are associated with causing SIADH?

Answer 15

Antidepressants–SSRIs, TCAs, MAOi
Antipsychotics
Anticonvulsants
Antineoplastics