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Dental Anatomy > Mandibular Second premolar > Flashcards

Mandibular Second premolar Flashcards

1
Q

First Calcification

A

2.25-2.5 years

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2
Q

Enamel Completion

A

6-7 years

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3
Q

eruption

A

11-12 years

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4
Q

root completion

A

13-14 years

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5
Q

Measurements

A

The Facial Lingual width is greater than the Mesial Distal Width

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6
Q

Root Length

A

Longer than the crown

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7
Q

How many cusps are present?

A

2 or 3!

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8
Q

Is the mandibular 2nd premolar larger than the first?

A

YES

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9
Q

Is the mandibular 2nd premolar larger than the first?

A

YES

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10
Q

Cusps

A

2 *buccal and lingual
3 *buccal, mesiolingual, and distolingual

Typically the more common form is 3 cusps!

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11
Q

Buccal Aspect

A

Buccal cusp is shorter than the first mandibular pre molar, buccal contact areas appear higher than the 1st because of the short cusp, but remain in the MIDDLE 3rd.

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12
Q

Is the root broader mesiodistally than the 1st?

A

YES and ends in apex that is more blunt

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13
Q

Buccal Cusp Ridge

A

More common in occlusal third of the first, less common than maxillary premolars

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14
Q

Buccal Cusp Ridge comparison of 1st and 2nd premolars

A

1st is deeper on the mesial of buccal surface, while the 2nd is deeper on the buccal surface

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15
Q

Root Comparison

A

Root tapers gradually and may either bend to mesial or distal, but the 2nd is more blunt, thicker, and longer

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16
Q

What shape is the facial aspect?

A

Pentagon

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17
Q

Notches on the cusp ridges

A

Most common on Mesial Cusp Ridge of the 1st and Distal Cusp Ridge of the Second

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18
Q

How is the cervical line on the second?

A

It is more flat!

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19
Q

Proximal heights of contour

A

All at the junction of the occlusal and middle thirds!

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20
Q

1st Premolar vs 2nd Premolar Cusp tip

A

1st premolar have a more pointed cusp tip with longer cusp ridges

2nd has more flat cusp ridges than first

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21
Q

Lingual Aspect

A

Remember- may vary with either one lingual cusp or two!

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22
Q

Are the lingual cusp(s) longer than the first?

A

YES

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23
Q

3 cusp variety

A

Mesiolingual and Distolingual Cusps, Mesiolingual Cusp is large and longer.

A small lingual groove is what separates the two cusps in the lingual aspect

24
Q

2 cusp variety

A

Single lingual cusp- equal in height of the 3 cusp variety.

No lingual groove but has a developmental depression distolongually

25
Q

On the 2 cusp variety, where is the lingual cusp tip located in regards to a bisecting line?

A

Mesial to or On

26
Q

Lingual Surface

A

Smooth of booth varieties and spheroid.

Has a bulbous form thinning towards the cervix.

Root is wide lingually but narrower than on buccal

27
Q

Lingual Taper

A

1st and 2nd cusp, 2nd tapers lingually

3 cusps 2nd will be as wide or wider on lingual

28
Q

Lingual Cusp Size and Shape

A

1st Premolar

-transition from anterior to posterior- from cingulum to cusp!

-may have no lingual cusp or up to 4 cusplets

-most of the occlusal surface is viewable

29
Q

Lingual Cusp Size and Shape

A

2nd Premolar

-2 cusp: 2nd cusp is mesial to or on a bisecting line

3 cusp: 2nd lingual groove passes through the mesiolingual and distolingual cusps

3 Cusp: 2nd mesiolingual cusp is larger and longer than the distolingual cusp!

30
Q

Marginal Ridges *

A

1st: Only adult tooth with the Mesial Marginal Ridge is more cervically located than distomarginal ridge

2nd: Distal Marginal Ridge is more cervically located!

31
Q

Mesial Aspect

A

Crown and Root wider than the 1st!

32
Q

Mesial Aspect

A

Crown and Root wider than the 1st!

33
Q

Is the buccal cusp centered over the root?

A

Not nearly as centered as compared to the first and it is shorter than the first.

34
Q

Is the lingual lobe development greater than 1st?

A

YES

35
Q

Is the lingual lobe development greater than 1st?

A

Right angle

36
Q

Why is the occlusal view not as visible on the 2nd from the mesial aspect?

A

Because the MMR is up higher towards occlusal, DMR is up higher towards the cervical

37
Q

Is there a mesiolingual developmental groove?

A

No

38
Q

Is the root longer than the 1st

A

Yes but more blunt

39
Q

Distal Aspect

A
  • Note that more of the occlusal surface is visible because DMR is more cervical

The crowns of all posterior teeth are tipped distally on the long axis of the tooth!

40
Q

Where do all the mandibular posterior teeth tilt?

A

Towards the lingual

41
Q

What shape is the proximal aspect?

A

Rhomboid Shape

42
Q

Which tilts more lingually, the man 1st pre molar or man 2nd pre molar?

A

Mandibular 1st PreMolar

43
Q

In the 3 cusp variety, how many cusps do you see from the mesial?

A

You see two cusps, but from the distal you see 3!
Why?
-Cause Mesiolingual cusp is larger and longer- so from mesial aspect you’ll see the buccal cusp and the mesiolingual cusp

44
Q

Buccal

A

1st is in the cervical third

2nd is at the junction of the middle and cervical third

45
Q

Lingual

A

Both are middle 1/3

46
Q

cervical lines

A

1st Premolar- cervical line on mesial surface is regular, the crest of curvature is centered buccolingually, and the line maybe straight across buccoingually.

2nd premolar- similar to 1st but less curvature

47
Q

Root

A

1st is usually straight on the buccal and lingual sides, until mid root it tapers to a blunt end

1st may be bifurcated!

48
Q

Occlusal Surface of Both Varieties of Cusps on the Man 2nd premolar

A

Both have similar buccal portions outside of occlusal table,

2nd cusp variety is a round occlusal table

while the 3rd cusp variety is a more square!

49
Q

Does each cusp have a triangular ridge?

A

yes

50
Q

What separates the triangular ridges from each other?

A

Separated by developmental grooves that converge to form a central pit- Y Shape

51
Q

Contains:

A

Mesial developmental groove, mesial triangular fossa, distal developmental groove (shorter than mesial), Distal triangular fossa, Lingual Developemental groove

52
Q

Occlusal View 2 cusp variety

A

Outline of the crown is rounded lingual to the buccal cusp ridges

Some lingual convergence of the mesial and distal side occurs

Mesiolingual and Distolingual line angles rarer rounded

One well developed lingual cusp is directly across from the buccal cusp

53
Q

2 Cusp Variety- Occlusal View

A

A central groove travels mesiodistally and can vary in a U shape to and H shape!

-Terminates in the mesial and distal fossa

54
Q

Occlusal View of Man 2nd Premolars

A

3 Cusps- Y shape developmental groove orientation

2 Cusps- May have a U shape or H shape orientation

55
Q

Determining Sides (2 Cusps)

A

-Tapers lingually and from mesial to distal

  • Mesial cusp ridge is shorter than the distal cusp ridge
  • Distal Marginal ridge is more cervical

-Distal fossa is often large and deeper

  • Deeper depression on distal root surface

-Mesial Curvature of CEJ is greater

-Root Tip more often bends distally.

56
Q

Determining Sides (3 Cusp)

A

-Mesial Cusp Ridge is shorter than the distal cusp ridge

-DMR is more cervical

-Distal fossa is larger and deeper

-Root tip bends more distally

-More often tapers from distal to mesial

-Distolingual cusp is smaller than mesiolingual

-DMR is shorter, concave and cervically located

-Distal Fossa is distal to the center of the occlusal surface

Dental Anatomy (17 decks)

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