Managing Mumbai

Question 1

challenge of managing (plastic) waste disposal

Answer 1

Mumbai produces 7,500 tonnes of waste/day

Question 2

solution to managing (plastic) waste disposal

Answer 2

23% of plastic waste gets recycled in the UK, in Dharavi it is 80%

Question 3

challenge of managing (sanitary) waste disposal

Answer 3

1/20 ppl forced to use street as toilet

Question 4

solution to managing (sanitary) waste disposal

Answer 4

Slum Sanitation Program (SSP) developed 330 community toilet blocks housing more than 5100 individual toilets w/separate facilities for man and women so less sexual harassment.
Benefitted ~400k ppl in Mumbai slums

Question 5

challenge of managing air pollution

Answer 5

Air Quality Index (AQI) of Mumbai was rated 180 (2018) - Unhealthy
London - 50
Bristol - 29

Question 6

solution to managing air pollution

Answer 6

banned diesel as a fuel in all taxis
many of Mumbai’s 58k taxis now use compressed natural gas instead, which reduces GHG emmisions

Question 7

challenge of managing water pollution

Answer 7

800M litres of untreated sewage go into Mithi River every day

Question 8

solution to managing water pollution

Answer 8

more public toilets being built to reduce amount of raw sewage being dumped in the river.
waste discharges from factories are now being checked supposedly.

Question 9

challenge of managing traffic congestion

Answer 9

more than 300-350 vehicles added to roads every day

Question 10

solution to managing traffic congestion

Answer 10

Modern traffic management system introduced by World Bank supported MUTP (Mumbai Urban Transport Project)

traffic policemen monitor ~220 junctions thru 600 hi-tech remotely operable zoom cameras
trouble spots can be tackled directly from control centre

Question 11

challenge of providing housing

Answer 11

population of Dharavi is 750k - 1M
population density - +6200ppl/acre

Question 12

solution to providing housing

Answer 12

Slum Rehabilitation Housing Scheme (SRH) - move slum dwellers into permanent slum rehabilitation housing as a way to clear Mumbai’s slums.

Question 13

advantages of SRH

5

Answer 13

• slum-dweller receives a house/apartment for free
• clean water-won’t get cholera
• not living amongst waste
• ppl away from hazardous ind. material
• council can collect tax as they’re now registered - can provide better services

Question 14

disadvantages of SRH

5

Answer 14

• ppl who used to cook together in open spaces in slums now forced to cook individually in their homes meaning that fuel consumption has significantly increased
• strong social community broken - women complain that they don’t know their neighbours so can’t share childcare w/trusted ppl
• poor will get taxed cuz now they’re registered
• have to commute to work - pollution
• accomodation v.small - 21m²

Question 15

Charities help with housing

Answer 15

SPARC - Society for the Promotion of Area Resource Centres

adding an extra floor to buildings so that all family members can be accommodated in the same building

housing the poor works best, costs less and is better for the environment, when the poor themselves have a say in what is being built.

Question 16

TNC help with housing

Answer 16

Lafarge - major French cement manufacturer

undertaken a project of transforming existing inadequate homes into houses that can provide better protection during the monsoon season

1st concrete producer to deliver to heart of Dharavi using motorized rickshaws w/15-liter buckets of slow-setting concrete.
Many have been able to add an additional story to their homes, supported by a concrete slab.
As a result, houses are more spacious, stronger, more comfortable and safer, with the added advantage of very rapid construction