Managing Coasts Flashcards

1
Q

Hard Engineering methods

4

A
  • Sea walls
  • Groynes
  • Rock armour
  • Gabions
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2
Q

Soft engineering methods

2

A
  • Beach nourishment
  • Dune regeneration
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3
Q

wat is beach nourishment

A
  • sand/shingle dredged offshore and transported to coast by barge
  • it is dumped on beach and shaped by bulldozers creating a wider, higher beach (known as re-profiling)
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4
Q

wat is dune rege.

A

marram grass is planted to stabilise dunes and help them develop - effective buffers to sea.
fences keep ppl off newly planted areas

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5
Q

Cost of sea wall

A

£5k-10k/m

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6
Q

+ves of sea wall

2

A
  • effective at stopping sea
  • often creates a walkway
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7
Q

-ves of sea wall

2

A
  • can look obtrusive and unnatural
  • v. $ - h. maintenance costs
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8
Q

cost of groynes

A

timber groynes £150k each (every 200m)

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9
Q

+ves groynes

2

A
  • creates a wider beach - gd for tourism
  • not too $
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10
Q

-ves groynes

2

A
  • interrupting lsd - increased erosion elsewhere
  • unnatural + rock groynes r unattractive
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11
Q

cost of rock armour

A

£200k/100m

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12
Q

+ves rock armour

2

A
  • relatively cheap; easy to maintain
  • can add interest to the coast
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13
Q

-ves rock armour

3

A
  • rocks r often from elsewhere and don’t fit in w/ local geology
  • $ to transport rock
  • can be obtrusive
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14
Q

cost of gabions

A

up to £50k/100m

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15
Q

+ves of gabions

3

A
  • cheap to prod.
  • can improve cliff drainage
  • eventaully become vegetated and merge into landscape
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16
Q

-ves of gabions

2

A
  • unattractive initially
  • cages rust within 5-10 years
17
Q

cost of beach nourishment

A

up to £500k/100m

18
Q

+ves of beach nourishment

3

A
  • relatively cheap and easy to maintain
  • blends in w/existing beach
  • bigger beach increases tourist potential
19
Q

-ves of beach nourishment

1

A

needs constant maintenance

20
Q

dune regen. cost

A

£200-£2k / 100m

21
Q

+ves dune regen.

2

A
  • maintains a natural env. - gd 4 wildlife
  • relatively cheap
22
Q

-ves dune regen.

2

A
  • time-consuming to plant grass + construct fencing
  • can be damaged by storms