Managing Coasts Flashcards
1
Q
Hard Engineering methods
4
A
- Sea walls
- Groynes
- Rock armour
- Gabions
2
Q
Soft engineering methods
2
A
- Beach nourishment
- Dune regeneration
3
Q
wat is beach nourishment
A
- sand/shingle dredged offshore and transported to coast by barge
- it is dumped on beach and shaped by bulldozers creating a wider, higher beach (known as re-profiling)
4
Q
wat is dune rege.
A
marram grass is planted to stabilise dunes and help them develop - effective buffers to sea.
fences keep ppl off newly planted areas
5
Q
Cost of sea wall
A
£5k-10k/m
6
Q
+ves of sea wall
2
A
- effective at stopping sea
- often creates a walkway
7
Q
-ves of sea wall
2
A
- can look obtrusive and unnatural
- v. $ - h. maintenance costs
8
Q
cost of groynes
A
timber groynes £150k each (every 200m)
9
Q
+ves groynes
2
A
- creates a wider beach - gd for tourism
- not too $
10
Q
-ves groynes
2
A
- interrupting lsd - increased erosion elsewhere
- unnatural + rock groynes r unattractive
11
Q
cost of rock armour
A
£200k/100m
12
Q
+ves rock armour
2
A
- relatively cheap; easy to maintain
- can add interest to the coast
13
Q
-ves rock armour
3
A
- rocks r often from elsewhere and don’t fit in w/ local geology
- $ to transport rock
- can be obtrusive
14
Q
cost of gabions
A
up to £50k/100m
15
Q
+ves of gabions
3
A
- cheap to prod.
- can improve cliff drainage
- eventaully become vegetated and merge into landscape
16
Q
-ves of gabions
2
A
- unattractive initially
- cages rust within 5-10 years
17
Q
cost of beach nourishment
A
up to £500k/100m
18
Q
+ves of beach nourishment
3
A
- relatively cheap and easy to maintain
- blends in w/existing beach
- bigger beach increases tourist potential
19
Q
-ves of beach nourishment
1
A
needs constant maintenance
20
Q
dune regen. cost
A
£200-£2k / 100m
21
Q
+ves dune regen.
2
A
- maintains a natural env. - gd 4 wildlife
- relatively cheap
22
Q
-ves dune regen.
2
A
- time-consuming to plant grass + construct fencing
- can be damaged by storms
