Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Cells of Leydig
produce testosterone
Takes ____ days for spermaotzoa to differentiate
72
Takes ____ days for spermatozoa to exit the body
12
____ total days for spermatogenesis
86
Layers of the testis/epididymus
tunica albuginea
mediastinum testis
CT septa
lobuli tesis
Tunica Albuginea
dense irregular collageous CT
thickens into mediastinum testis
Mediastinum testis
epididymis attachment point
bv, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, and genital ducts enter/esit here
CT septa
extensions of tunica albugina that subdivide testes into lobules
Lobuli testis
each contain 1-4 semiiniferous tubulues which contain the sperm intersitital cells o fleydig
Where do sperm differentiate from spermatogonia?
seminiferous tubules
Layers of seminiferious tubules
tunica propria basal lamina seminiferous epithelium vascular LCT tunica (lamina) propria basal lamina
Seminiferous epithelium
is multilayer and composed of support cells
Contains spermatogenetic cells and sertoli cells
features of Sertoli cells
tall, columnar, provide physiological support
extend from BL to lumen
has ovoid/triangular shaped nucleus that is large and prominent, and located near bottom of cell
The 2 epithelial compartments made by sertoli cell to sertoli cell junctional complex
basal epithelial compartment (on bottom) luminal compartment (at top)
blood testes barrier
prevents leakage between compartments shields antigenic (haploid) gametes from immune system
What does the basal compartment contain
spermatogonia
early stage primary spermatocytes
What does luminal compartment contain
later stage primary spermatocytes
secondary spermatocytes
spermatids
When late stage cells differentiate into spermatids, the cytoplasmic remnants are phagocytesed by _____ cells
sertoli
spermatocytes
primary because they have the largest nucleus of all the spermatogenetic cells
Spermatids
have oval appearance
When does spermatogenesis begin?
puberty
Function of FSH and LH in males
stimulate interstitial cells of leydig to produce testosterone, which then stimulate process of spermatogenesis
Primary spermatocytes contain how many chromosomes?
46 double chromatid chromosomes
Spermiogenesis
process of going from spermtids to spermatozoa
Pathway of spermatozoa through genital system
- seminiferous epithelium in seminiferous tubules
- rete testis
- efferent ductules
- duct of epididymis
- ductus deferens (vas deferens)
- ejaculatory duct
- urethra
Tubuli recti
proximally tubuli recti are lined with sertoli cells
distally lined with simple cuboidal epithelium
Rete testis
lined with sertoli cells and single layer of cuboidal
has labyrinthine spacescells
efferent ductule
have characteristic sawtooth lumen, recognized by bumps into lumen
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
tall cilitated cells (sweep spermatozoa toward epididymis)
short nonciliated cells
smooth muscle
Ductus epididymis
contain spermatozoa
pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia
Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
found in spermatic cord, has very firm wall, feels like a wire function is to use peristalisis to propel contents of lumen
Seminal vesicles
synthesize and release semen
prostate
synthesize and release semen
What do glands in seminal vesicle secrete
viscous, yellow, fructose-rich seminal fluid to provide energy to for spermatozoa
3 layers of compound tubuloalveolar glands
mucosal
submucosal
peripheral
Peripheral compound tubuloalveolar glands
70% of cancers arise here
palpable through rectum
Nodular prostatic hyperplasia
prostate cells convert T into DHT forming BPH
nodules squeeze urethra, making it difficult to release urine
is benign
Malignant adenocarcinoma of prostate
enlarged nuclei
prominent nucleoli
dark cytoplasm
Helicine arteries
fill with blood to cause erection
bulbourethral glands of cowper
secrete mucous that lubricates the urethral lumen
