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Cell Biology Exam 4 > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

Cells of Leydig

A

produce testosterone

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2
Q

Takes ____ days for spermaotzoa to differentiate

A

72

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3
Q

Takes ____ days for spermatozoa to exit the body

A

12

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4
Q

____ total days for spermatogenesis

A

86

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5
Q

Layers of the testis/epididymus

A

tunica albuginea
mediastinum testis
CT septa
lobuli tesis

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6
Q

Tunica Albuginea

A

dense irregular collageous CT

thickens into mediastinum testis

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7
Q

Mediastinum testis

A

epididymis attachment point

bv, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, and genital ducts enter/esit here

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8
Q

CT septa

A

extensions of tunica albugina that subdivide testes into lobules

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9
Q

Lobuli testis

A

each contain 1-4 semiiniferous tubulues which contain the sperm intersitital cells o fleydig

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10
Q

Where do sperm differentiate from spermatogonia?

A

seminiferous tubules

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11
Q

Layers of seminiferious tubules

A 
tunica propria
basal lamina
seminiferous epithelium
vascular LCT
tunica (lamina) propria
basal lamina
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12
Q

Seminiferous epithelium

A

is multilayer and composed of support cells

Contains spermatogenetic cells and sertoli cells

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13
Q

features of Sertoli cells

A

tall, columnar, provide physiological support
extend from BL to lumen
has ovoid/triangular shaped nucleus that is large and prominent, and located near bottom of cell

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14
Q

The 2 epithelial compartments made by sertoli cell to sertoli cell junctional complex

A 
basal epithelial compartment (on bottom)
luminal compartment (at top)
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15
Q

blood testes barrier

A 
prevents leakage between compartments
shields antigenic (haploid) gametes from immune system
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16
Q

What does the basal compartment contain

A

spermatogonia

early stage primary spermatocytes

17
Q

What does luminal compartment contain

A

later stage primary spermatocytes
secondary spermatocytes
spermatids

18
Q

When late stage cells differentiate into spermatids, the cytoplasmic remnants are phagocytesed by _____ cells

A

sertoli

19
Q

spermatocytes

A

primary because they have the largest nucleus of all the spermatogenetic cells

20
Q

Spermatids

A

have oval appearance

21
Q

When does spermatogenesis begin?

A

puberty

22
Q

Function of FSH and LH in males

A

stimulate interstitial cells of leydig to produce testosterone, which then stimulate process of spermatogenesis

23
Q

Primary spermatocytes contain how many chromosomes?

A

46 double chromatid chromosomes

24
Q

Spermiogenesis

A

process of going from spermtids to spermatozoa

25
Q

Pathway of spermatozoa through genital system

A
  1. seminiferous epithelium in seminiferous tubules
  2. rete testis
  3. efferent ductules
  4. duct of epididymis
  5. ductus deferens (vas deferens)
  6. ejaculatory duct
  7. urethra
26
Q

Tubuli recti

A

proximally tubuli recti are lined with sertoli cells

distally lined with simple cuboidal epithelium

27
Q

Rete testis

A

lined with sertoli cells and single layer of cuboidal

has labyrinthine spacescells

28
Q

efferent ductule

A

have characteristic sawtooth lumen, recognized by bumps into lumen
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
tall cilitated cells (sweep spermatozoa toward epididymis)
short nonciliated cells
smooth muscle

29
Q

Ductus epididymis

A

contain spermatozoa

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

30
Q

Ductus deferens (vas deferens)

A 
found in spermatic cord, has very firm wall, feels like a wire
function is to use peristalisis to propel contents of lumen
31
Q

Seminal vesicles

A

synthesize and release semen

32
Q

prostate

A

synthesize and release semen

33
Q

What do glands in seminal vesicle secrete

A

viscous, yellow, fructose-rich seminal fluid to provide energy to for spermatozoa

34
Q

3 layers of compound tubuloalveolar glands

A

mucosal
submucosal
peripheral

35
Q

Peripheral compound tubuloalveolar glands

A

70% of cancers arise here

palpable through rectum

36
Q

Nodular prostatic hyperplasia

A

prostate cells convert T into DHT forming BPH
nodules squeeze urethra, making it difficult to release urine
is benign

37
Q

Malignant adenocarcinoma of prostate

A

enlarged nuclei
prominent nucleoli
dark cytoplasm

38
Q

Helicine arteries

A

fill with blood to cause erection

39
Q

bulbourethral glands of cowper

A

secrete mucous that lubricates the urethral lumen

Cell Biology Exam 4 (9 decks)

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